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PHYSIO Exam #1

Frage 1 von 34

1

The Nerntz potential for Na+ does not suggest that the concentration of this ion is equal on both sides of the membrane.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 34

1

The movement of water across a membrane is always an active process requiring primary active transport.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 34

1

The Nernst Equation is important for:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Determining the absolute membrane potential.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for a single ion, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the electrical potential difference, for multiple ions, needed to counter the concentration difference.

  • Determining the concentration difference, for multiple, needed to counter the electrical potential difference.

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 34

1

When determining the "equilibrium potential" for Na+, we have to assume the membrane is permeable to all solutes.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 34

1

Any difference in energy across a membrane is considered the ___________ that pushes a molecule in one direction of the other.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • magnum force

  • carrier force

  • delta force

  • driving force

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 34

1

To initiate the action potential of the cell's resting membrane potential must first be changed to reach the threshold of voltage-gates sodium channels.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 34

1

Which process listed below is most responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradient of a resting membrane?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • facilitated diffusion of Na+

  • Na+/K+ pump

  • Ca storage

  • Starbuck's coffee

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 34

1

If a positively charged ion is more concentrated inside the cell, the electrical forces required to balance the chemical gradient would be directed ____________. Thus, the equilibrium potential (which reflects the voltage inside of the cell) for this ion would be __________ charged.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • inward; positively

  • outward; negatively

  • outward; positively

  • inward; negatively

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the membrane potential were allowed to reach the equilibrium potential for Na+, in which direction (at the moment equilibrium is reached) would overall Na+ movement be?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • inward

  • outward

  • no net movement

  • varies by cell

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 34

1

The initial rapid change in resting membrane voltage (potential) seen during an action potential is called the "repolarization phase".

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 34

1

The functioning (physiology) of our body is dependent and mimics the functioning of _____________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • cell

  • tissue

  • organ

  • all of the above

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 34

1

The largest concentration of the body’s water resides in the ____________________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Extracellular fluid

  • Plasma

  • Intracellular fluid

  • Interstitial fluid

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 34

1

Na+ has a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid, than in the intracellular fluid.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 34

1

In warm weather, particular sensors within the body may sense that the body temperature is increasing. In response the systems of the body respond by trying to decrease the temperature change. This is an example of________________________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Starbuck’s coffee reaction

  • Osmotic control, moving water from inside the body out

  • Homeostasic control systems

  • I don’t know

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 34

1

Lactose is a disaccharide composed of ...

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Glucose and Lactose

  • Galactose and Glucose

  • Galactose and Fructose

  • Fructose and Glucose

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 34

1

Which statement about enzymes is not true?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Enzymes are generally proteins

  • For enzymes to be active they should first bind/link to a reactant molecule (substrate)

  • Are usually one dimensional in shape and function.

  • Can catalyze a reaction between to other molecules.

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 34

1

The enzyme _______ catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain that contains DNA (deoxyribose sugars).

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • RNA polymerase.

  • helicase.

  • DNA polymerase.

  • histone.

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 34

1

The Mitochondria –

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Can vary in number from cell to cell

  • Utilizes Aerobic mechanisms (electron transport chain) to produce ATP

  • Uses phospholipids for its membrane

  • All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 34

1

The Golgi apparatus sorts, modifies and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 34

1

The property of phospholipids can be described as ___________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A single polar region that is miscible in aqueous solution.

  • A hydrophobic region that associates with water and hydrophilic regions that face one another.

  • A hydrophilic region that associates with water and hydrophobic regions that face one another.

  • None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 34

1

Which statement is NOT an accurate description of HOMEOSTATIC mechanisms of the body?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • They function through either positive or negative feedback systems.

  • They maintain each regulated variable around a set point.

  • They maintain a constant internal environment in the face of a variable external environment.

  • They have an unlimited capacity to respond to changes in the external environment.

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 34

1

The _________________ is the site where lipids, triglycerides, and steroids are synthesized, as well as where calcium is stored within the cell.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum

  • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  • Lysosomes.

  • None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 34

1

The enzymes of glycolysis are located within the ______________ of the cell.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • inner mitochondrial membrane

  • outer cell membrane

  • lysosome

  • cytoplasm

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 34

1

The concentration of Na+ in mammalian systems is generally

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Lower outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Higher outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.

  • Equal on both sides of the cell membrane

  • Not an issue due to the ions permeability of the membrane.

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 34

1

The rate of diffusion in an open solution is dependent on several factors including concentration gradient, permeability across the membrane, viscosity of the fluid, and temperature.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 34

1

Which choice below does not play a role in determining osmolarity?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Concentration of solute

  • Permeability

  • Solutes that can cross the membrane

  • Solutes that can not cross the membrane

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 34

1

Active transport differs from facilitated diffusion in that it uses energy to move a substance (downhill) in the direction of its concentration or electrical gradient.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 34

1

Passive transport of an ion requires that it move down its concentration gradient.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 34

1

Properties associated with protein membrane active transporters is/are -

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Selectivity

  • Uses energy from solute concentration gradient

  • Uses energy stored in ATP bonds

  • All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 34

1

Which statement below is true?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Voltage across a membrane is “pressure”.

  • A Concentration differences across a membrane is a “pressure”.

  • The cell membrane containing a cell can be considered a “pressure”

  • All of the above are true

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 34

1

Osmotic pressure is the pressure necessary to prevent the movement of water across a membrane.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 34

1

Sodium-linked glucose transport, where both Na+ and glucose are moving in the same direction, is an example of
_____________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • countertransport.

  • Secondary active transport.

  • antiport.

  • Primary active transport.

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 34

1

The Na+/K+ pump is an excellent example of secondary active transport.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 34

1

Extracellular Na+ is higher than intracellular Na+. If the voltage across the membrane of the cell were to reach the
equilibrium potential for Na+, at the moment it reaches equilibrium, in which direction would the net Na+ movement be?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Inward

  • outward

  • varies by cell

  • No net movement of Na+

Erklärung

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