civil rights

inherent characteristics

suspect classifications

strict scrutiny test

heightened scrutiny test (intermediate scrutiny test)

ordinary scrutiny test (rational basis test)

hate crime

civil disobedience

standing to sue

Reconstruction era

Black Codes

Jim Crow laws

de jure segregation

white primary

literacy test

poll tax

grandfather clause

Plessy v. Ferguson

equal protection clause

separate but equal doctrine

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

intersectionality

affirmative action