Name the parts of the central nervous system
Brain
Spinal cord
Autonomic gangia
Sympthetic ganglia
What is the problem with damaging nerves?
They cannot regenerate/divide
They release neurotransmitters, which are toxic
They become hyperactive, causing phantom pain
What is the role of the CNS?
Integrate neural signals and co-ordinate them
Generate neuronal signals
Process neuronal signals
Name the 3 parts of a unipolar neuron, furthest from the synapse first
Cell body
Neuronal process
Axial process
Dendrites
What make up the Tight Junction of the Blood Brain Barrier?
Endothelial cells
Astrocytes
Basement membrane
Microglia
What type of drug must have specific transporters to pass the blood brain barrier?
Hyrophobic
Hydrophillic
What is the correct term for a collection of cell bodies in the CNS?
Nucleus
Grey matter
Tract
In the CNS, what is the difference between Grey and White Matter?
Grey Matter- Where nerve cell body White Matter- Where nerve fibres are found
White Matter- Where nerve cell body Grey Matter- Where nerve fibres are found
Define 'Tract'
A major bundle of nerve fibres
A large collection of cell bodies
A collection of sensory/motor neurons froma single organ
What is the general role of the brain stem?
Sensory centre
Emotional centre
Vital functions
Name the three parts of the brain stem in ascending order
Medulla oblongata
Pons
Midbrain
What is the role of cranial nerves?
They supply neck & head with sensory neurones
They supply neck & head with motor neurones
They supply nec & head with sensory/motor neurones
What is found in the midbrain and what's its role?
Substantia nigra
Inferior nigra
Release dopamine
Release ACh
Help motor movement
Define decussation
The crossing over of tracts to form an X shape
The crossing over of tracts to form an V shape
The crossing over of tracts to form an U shape
Name the ascending and descending tracts that supply sensory & motor info to/from the brain
Ascending- Spinothalamic Tract Descending- Corticospinal Tract
Ascending-Corticospinal Tract Descending- Spinothalmic Tract
What is the role of the Reticular Activating System?
Controls sensory input from eyes
Controls levels of alertness
Controls fine motor function
What is the likely result of damage to the RAS?
Coma
Blindness
Difficulty speaking
What sense does not influence the RAS?
Touch
Taste
Smell
What attaches the cerebellum to the brain stem?
Cerebellar penducles
Cerebellar callosum
Cerebellar tubucles
Increase in RAS activity causes...
Alertness
Heightened senses
Increased motor control
What is the main role of the cerebellum?
Co-ordination of fine movement
Co-ordination of gross movement
Co-ordination of limb movement
What makes up the diencephalon?
Medulla Oblongata
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
What is the role of the thalamus & hypothalamus?
Thalamus- major relay centre for sensory impulses Hypothalamus- endocrine function
Hypothalamus- major relay centre for sensory impulses Thalamus- endocrine function
What is a motor cortex and where is found?
The cerebellum
Cerebrum
Initiates motor movement
Receives signals from motor neuroens
What is the somatosensory cortex and where does it receive/send its signals?
The whole body
The limbs
The abdomen
Sensory imput (touch)
Where are association areas found?
Every lobe
Frontal lobr
Pariatal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
What is the role of association areas?
To associate pain with emotion
To create/store memory
To link sensory input to motor output
To connect pain to memory
What separates the frontal and temporal lobes?
Lateral suculus
Temporal suculus
Occipital suculus
Where is the auditory complex?
Parietal lobe
Where is the visual cortex found?
Frontal lobe
What causes the characteristic 'brain folds'?
Grey matter grows faster than white matter
White matter grows faster than grey matter
White matter grows on top of grey matter
Grey matter grows on top of white matter
What are commisural tracts?
Connect lobes of the cerebrum together
Connect cerebellum to cerebrum
Connect brain hemispheres together
Connect brain stem to brain
What is the function of the Limbic System?
Co-ordinating memory storage
Co-ordination of motor movement
