When Joan first moved to the city, she couldn't sleep because of the traffic noise. Now she hardly hears the traffic at all. This is an example of
Sensitization.
Habituation.
Consistency.
Classical conditioning.
You would not expect a close adherent to Skinner's ideas to focus on
Internal states as causes of behavior.
Forms of learning conserved across species.
Association between behaviors and rewards.
The environmental stimuli that cause behaviors.
In Pavlov's experiments, ________ served as the unconditioned stimulus.
Salivation
Food powder
The sight of the assistant
Tones
Six-year-old Pavel has a neighbor with a small dog who barks at him everyday. Over time, Pavel has become frightened of all dogs. This is an example of
Stimulus discrimination.
Backward conditioning.
Spontaneous recovery.
Stimulus generalization.
Peter wishes to use classical conditioning in which a light will be his CS and en electric shock will be the UCS. You tell him that the light must ________ the shock.
Be temporally contiguous with
Reliably predict
Be in a blocking relationship with
Occur after
When classical conditioning contributes to drug tolerance, the conditioned stimulus is the
Setting in which individuals take the drugs.
Body's compensatory reaction to the drug.
High the drugs give when the individual takes them.
Individual's fear of an overdose.
One night after eating a hot dog you get very sick; now you shudder at the idea of eating a hot dog. A friend suggests that extinction trials will allow you to overcome this aversion. This means that you should
Associate hot dogs with foods you like.
Make yourself sick eating something else.
Eat some more hot dogs.
Use hot dogs as a reward.
For people undergoing chemotherapy, an unconditioned response would be
Anticipatory fatigue.
The setting in which the individual receives the treatment.
The infusion of drugs into their bodies.
Their bodies' reaction to the drugs.
In an operant conditioning experiment, you offer people expensive chocolate each time they perform a desired behavior. You think it's likely that the chocolate will be a ________ of the people.
Reinforcer for all
Reinforcer for none
Punisher for all
Reinforcer for some
In one study, the children who had received the most physical punishment as 15-month-olds showed ________ behavioral problems at 36 months and ________ behavior problems in the first grade then their less-punished peers.
Fewer; fewer
Fewer; more
More; fewer
More; more
In your new job, you get paid $2 every time you finish polishing 20 apples. This situation puts you on a ________ schedule.
Variable-interval
Variable-ratio
Fixed-ratio
Fixed-interval
Zoe watches her older sister slip on ice and bruise her arm. After that, Zoe is very careful when she walks on ice. This is an example of
Observational learning.
Operant extinction.