1. A characteristic considered to be unproductive and ineffective for human service work clients is to:
a. share persistent reactions to the client in an appropriate and timely manner ***
b. question life and engage in critical self-examination of one’s beliefs and values
c. be willing to draw on a number of resources to enable clients to move toward their goals.
d. realize that it takes hard work to bring about change and be willing to stick with clients as they go through this difficult process.
2. Jim is seeking a career in the human service work professions with the hope that he will exert a significant influence on the lives of those seeking service. His motivation to service others is based on the need
a. for prestige and status.
b. to care for others.
c. to make an impact.
d. to provide answers.
3. Students often come to Brian asking advice about their relationships. He feels uneasy when he is not able to give concrete advice concerning their problem. His motivation to service others is based on the need to
a. return a favor.
b. care for others.
c. be needed.
d. provide answers.
4. Which of the following is NOT conducive to effective human service work?
a. You realize you are able to inspire clients to do in their lives what you are unable or unwilling to do in your own life.
b. You question life and engage in critical self-examination of your beliefs.
c. You are willing to draw on a number of resources to enable clients to move toward their goals.
d. Even though you struggle with your own problems, this struggle does not intrude on your community service of others.
5. The temptation to give up a career in the human service work field is often greatest when students
a. are faced with examining their values concerning community service others.
b. realize that they still have unresolved issues.
c. begin to examine their motivations for community service others.
d. first have to apply what they have learned in their courses to the real world.
6. Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the typical needs of human service workers?
a. The need to care for others
b. The need to be needed
c. The need to reciprocate
d. The need to eliminate stress from one’s life
7. Professionals who have experienced a wounded spirit need to
a. be medicated, as a rule.
b. be open to questioning their own spiritual health so they can assist their clients with their existential concerns.
c. change professions if they begin to experience countertransference.
d. receive psychological first aid.
8. Many training programs offer some __________ in which students can become more aware of how their personal attributes manifest themselves in relationships.
a. vocational assistance
b. self-exploration experiences
c. failure and frustration
d. self-absorbed training
. There are many considerations to take into account when selecting your educational program and your career in the human service work professions. Which of the following is NOT a topic in the book?
a. The joys and rewards of being a community service professional.
b. Creating realistic expectations and testing them.
c. Deciding which educational and professional route to pursue.
d. Determining which educational program costs the least amount.
10. The key during your educational program is
a. to be personally involved in your educational program and to see a connection between your formal studies and your personal and professional goals.
b. to force yourself to enjoy the program even when you are not.
c. to find someone in your program that will help you and possibly do your work for you if you do not understand.
d. to drop out when you encounter external and internal barriers.
11. __________ is an ongoing process for all human service work professionals to clarify beliefs and values.
a. Self-disclosure
b. Self-direction
c. Self-discipline
d. Self-assessment
12. In regards to the "Inventory of Your Attitudes and Beliefs About human service work," which of the following subjects is NOT included in the assessment?
a. Visual pleasures
b. Personal traits
c. Key attribute
d. Ethical decision making
13. When students are learning about the history of their families, it is important to remember that
a. their commitment to exploration and change may bring discomfort to significant people in their lives.
b. they should adopt an attitude that others should change.
c. self-exploration is a must if the student intends to work with families.
d. a crisis may erupt when the student discovers a family secret.
14. Family rules include all of the following EXCEPT
a. myths.
b. secrets.
c. injunctions.
d. no rules.
15. The rationale for self-exploration and personal work for human service professionals includes all of the following EXCEPT
a. if human service professionals are unaware of issues stemming from their family experiences, they are likely to find ways to avoid acknowledging and dealing with potentially painful areas with their clients.
b. as clients confront events that trigger their pain, memories of human service professionals’ own pain may come forth.
c. as you review your family history you will NOT gain some insight into patterns you have "adopted" from your family of origin.
d. identifying and resolving unfinished business related to your family of origin allows you to establish relationships that do not repeat negative patterns of interaction.
16. By studying their own families of origin, human service professionals are able to
a. be in a position to offer therapy to family members that may not seek professional assistance.
b. improve their own ability to counsel families.
c. completely resolve unfinished business from their own childhood.
d. learn how to manipulate family members to do what they want.
17. Being an integrated person
a. is an ideal to strive for that is almost never achieved.
b. means that you recognize the many and varied aspects of your being and accept both positive and negative sides.
c. was a goal that many people tried to achieve in the 1970’s, but is no longer considered realistic.
d. is a concept that is only applicable to those who embrace integrative theories of counseling.
18. A major problem of the generativity versus stagnation stage can be
a. slipping into secure but stale ways of being and failing to take advantage of opportunities for enriching life.
b. withdrawal from taking an active stance toward life due to guilt over life’s failures.
c. dealing with separation from the family system and establishing an identity based on one’s own experiences.
d. lack of initiative in establishing and maintaining social relationships.
19. All of the following descriptions from Erikson’s stage of development perspective of each developmental transition stages are true EXCEPT
a. represents a psychosocial crisis, or turning point, when individuals are faced with fulfilling their destinies.
b. builds on the psychological outcomes of earlier stages.
c. has a psychosocial task to be mastered before moving to the next stage.
d. personal transformation demands an awareness of how you deal with developmental tasks currently with no connection to your past.
20. Nancy, a high school senior, feels pressured by her parents to pursue a nursing degree right after graduation; however, she is uncertain about her future direction. She recently started dating, has developed new friendships, and would like to postpone college to see what it’s like to have a life. Nancy is working on which of Erikson’s developmental tasks?
a. Intimacy versus isolation
b. Industry versus inferiority
c. Initiative versus guilt
d. Identity versus identity confusion
21. According to Erikson, during the late adulthood stage, in which the task to be accomplished is integrity versus despair, the older adults who have succeeded in achieving ego integrity would NOT
a. accept that they have been productive and have coped with whatever failures they faced.
b. concentrate on what they have not done, and yearn for another chance to live in a different way.
c. tend to integrate their past experiences with current realities.
d. necessarily welcome the notion of death, but view it as an inevitable part of the life cycle.
22. After questioning Joe, the human service professional discovers that he has had learning problems all of his life and that school was a painful place since he was constantly taunted by his peers. Joe’s fear of new challenges and lack of initiative is a result of failing to achieve mastery over which of the following tasks?
a. Industry versus inferiority
b. Initiative versus guilt
c. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
d. Trust versus mistrust
23. Phyllis, a 35-year-old housewife and mother, has returned to college. Her educational experiences have led her to broaden her view of sex roles, although she still feels unsure of herself. Her human service professional might conclude that her sex-role foundation is confused and she may have not formed a healthy picture of appropriate feminine behavior during her
a. middle childhood.
b. preschool age.
c. early childhood.
d. adolescence.
24. Identifying and resolving __________ related to your family of origin is essential if you hope to establish relationships that do not repeat negative patterns of interaction.
a. boundaries
b. individuation
c. unfinished business
d. self-discipline
25. __________ generally has its roots in a client's unresolved personal conflicts with significant others.
a. Transference
b. Countertransference
c. Boundaries
d. Unfinished business
26. Unless you have identified your own __________, you may be constantly triggered by the stories of your clients. a. healed psychological wounds
a. healed psychological wounds
b. sources of vulnerability and completely worked through them healing all wounds
c. sources of strength and psychological health
d. sources of vulnerability and to some extent worked through experiences that may have left you psychologically wounded
27. __________ is a state of psychological separateness from one's family.
b. Unfinished business
c. Individuation
d. Family rules
28. __________ is emotional-behavioral reactions toward a client that originated from some part of the worker's life.
a. Countertransference
b. Transference
c. Family of origin
d. Family structure
29. Which of the following is NOT a value on which human service work relationships are based?
a. Assuming responsibility for one’s actions
b. Practicing self-control
c. Being committed to marriage, family, and other relationships
d. Practicing good habits of physical health inconsistently
30. Before revealing your values to a client, you should ask yourself all of the following questions EXCEPT
a. Why am I disclosing and discussing my values with my client?
b. How will disclosing my values benefit my client?
c. How easy is it to influence my client to do what I want?
d. Is my client too eager to embrace my value system?
31. When you find yourself struggling with an ethical dilemma over value differences, the best course to follow is to
a. seek consultation.
b. trust your instincts.
c. refer your client to another human service worker.
d. terminate your relationship with your client.
32. Working with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals often presents a challenge to human service professionals who hold_____ values.
a. ethical
b. Traditional
c. liberal
d. democratic
33. The worker’s value system has a crucial influence on all of the following EXCEPT
a. the formulation and definition of the problems that human service professionals see in a family.
b. the goals and plans for therapy.
c. the direction the therapy takes.
d. the choices the client's friends make in life.
34. All of the following are important for human service professionals who work with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients EXCEPT
a. must become aware of their personal prejudices and biases regarding sexual orientation.
b. have an ethical obligation to not allow their personal values to intrude into their professional work.
c. need to understand the ways in which prejudice, discrimination, and multiple forms of oppression are manifested in society toward LGB people.
d. follow and discuss the human service professionals' point-of-views and religious thoughts on the relationships of these clients.
35. Gender-role stereotypes
a. serve a purpose and are not easily modified.
b. typically do not serve a purpose and are easily modified.
c. should never be discussed in counseling.
d. are always unethical.
36. Including questions in the assessment process pertaining to a client’s spirituality and religion serves all of the following purposes EXCEPT
a. obtaining a preliminary indication of the relevance of spirituality and religion for the client.
b. gathering information that the worker might refer to at a later point in the service process.
c. indicating to the client that it is acceptable to talk about religious and spiritual concerns.
d. learning what is needed to challenge the client's beliefs.
37. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a guideline for dealing with end-of-life issues?
a. Assess your clients’ capacity to make reasoned decisions about their health care.
b. Determine the degree to which clients’ decisions are congruent with their cultural and spiritual values.
c. Avoid including clients’ significant others in the counseling process to ensure that the client’s decision is not influenced by them.
d. Keep risk-management-oriented notes.
38. Joe, age 13, has been acting out since his mother moved her boyfriend into the house a few months ago. Marge is angry with his reaction since she has been divorced for five years and thinks that she has a right to a life of her own. Joe has indicated that he feels misplaced by her boyfriend and wants to live with his father. Marge and Joe came to the community support center to deal with her frustration and guilt regarding the situation. It would be best to start with which of the following?
a. Talk to the mother about her selfishness concerning meeting her own needs at the expense of her son’s feelings.
b. Confront Joe about his acting-out behavior and ask what he might do to make the situation with his mother healthier.
c. Act as a mediator, giving each of them a chance to share their thoughts, and seeking empathy from both sides so a decision can be made for the benefit of all concerned.
d. Self-disclose an experience in which you had to make a decision that produced frustration and guilt.
39. There should be _____instances where you would have to tell clients that you could not work with them because you do not agree with their value system.
a. No
b. very often
c. some
d. many
40. It is __________ to refer a client because of your difference in values.
a. important
b. ethical
c. legal
d. Unethical
41. __________ is/are exempt from the influence of negative societal stereotyping, prejudice, and even hatefulness toward LGB people.
a. Females
b. No one
c. Males
d. Children
42. All of the following are examples of a service situation that could lead to countertransference EXCEPT
a. You have been a victim of domestic abuse and your male client discloses that he hit his wife because he couldn’t get her to stop nagging him about his drinking.
b. Your client is having problems with her 16-year-old daughter who keeps running away from home. Your own teenage daughter recently did the same thing and you are still reeling from the incident.
c. Your client is having problems making a decision about his career. You remember having similar struggles before deciding to go into the community service field.
d. You worked through your issues in service and discuss the possibility for countertransference with supervisor to remain alert.
43. A sign that countertransference may be occurring is when the human service professional recognizes that he or she
a. is not easily irritated by the client.
b. feels intense anger toward a person that the human service worker hardly knows.
c. allows the pain of the grieving client to be manifested.
d. is aware that the client is typically working much harder than the human service worker during the session.
44. Simply having feelings toward a client
a. automatically means that the human service professional is having countertransference reactions.
b. may be an indicator that the human service professional is feeling deep empathy and compassion for the client.
indicates that a referral may be in order.
d. is dysfunctional and creates problems in the service process that need to be addressed.
45. _____ refers to the unrealistic reactions that workers have toward their clients, which are likely to interfere with their objectivity in the service process.
c. Resistance
d. Confrontation
46. _____ refers to the unconscious process whereby clients project onto a worker past feelings or attitudes they had toward significant people in their lives.
47. _____ refers to a variety of behaviors that is sometimes associated with difficult clients, but which needs to be understood and explored in the human service work relationship.
48. It is useful to think of resistance as
a. something to be gotten around quickly so that clients can change.
b. a client’s stubborn attempt to remain in safe ways.
c. a phenomenon that will destroy a working relationship.
d. the very material that can productively be explored in the community service relationship.
49. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of a transference situation?
a. Clients who make you into something you are not
b. Clients who want information about the community service process
c. Clients who displace anger onto you
d. Clients who are not able to accept boundaries
50. Which of the following "reflects the deep patterning of old experiences in relationships as they emerge in current life"?
b. Obsessive compulsive disorder
c. Psychosis
d. Relational de já vu
51. Which of the statements below is NOT true about transference?
a. It usually operates on an unconscious level.
b. It constitutes a repetition of past material in the present.
c. It causes a distortion in the way clients perceive and react to the human service worker.
d. It provides clients with clarity about the real relationship they have with the human service worker.
52. The Coreys encourage trainees to approach resistive behaviors with
a. impatience and judgment.
b. interest and respect.
c. complete neutrality.
d. intermittent reinforcement.
53. If clients have an expectation that you will take care of them in ways that their parents never did, it probably means that
a. they are delusional.
b. they are experiencing countertransference.
c. they are experiencing transference.
d. you have offered them false promises.
54. __________, a form of countertransference, can result from human service professionals being exposed to the pain that clients express, especially if human service professionals are not aware of their own unresolved personal issues.
b. Resistance
c. Empathy fatigue
d. Self-doubt
55. A __________ is when human service professionals temporarily put their reactions aside and later process them in their own therapy.
a. political transference
b. parallel process
c. resistance
d. transference
56. __________ is both an ethical and a legal concept.
a. Competence
b. Motivational interviewing
c. Parallel process
d. Resistance
57. Effective human service professionals have all of the following EXCEPT
a. hold positive beliefs about people.
b. ground their interventions in personal experience, expecting clients to hold the same values.
c. are respectful of cultural differences.
d. have a healthy self-concept.
58. Jane assumes that most people don’t want to change and that the best way to get through the client’s resistance is to employ very directive and highly confrontational techniques. Holding these beliefs, she
a. is ineffective in community service others and should leave the field.
b. may have worked with resistant clients over the years and may be generalizing that behavior to all clients.
c. will be more successful than if she adopted a less directive approach.
d. is rigidly holding these assumptions and will be unable to modify them.
59. The major determinants of the quality of your relationships with clients are
a. the kind of person you are and your attitudes.
b. your knowledge and counseling skills.
c. your body language and facial expressions.
d. your credentials.
60. human service professionals who have little self-awareness are at best
a. marginally intelligent.
b. skilled technicians.
c. master workers.
d. paraprofessionals.
61. Robert is working with a new client. He provides attention, active listening, and empathy, while demonstrating respect and genuineness. In order to work effectively with the client, Robert needs to start with the second stage of service which is to
a. identify the client’s problems.
b. select evidence-based practice strategies to solve a client's presenting problem.
c. encourage the client to take action.
d. get a historical perspective on the client’s problems.
The Client comes in for service and seems to be overwhelmed by multiple problems. It would be best to...
a) Confront the Client to look at the discrepancies.
b) help the client create appropriate goals to deal with many issues simultaneously.
c) Encourage the client to gain a focus by exploring key issues in the terms of experiences, feelings, and behaviors.
d) Identify and assess action strategies to to pursue resolutions to his or her numerous problems.
63. Perhaps the most important type of self-disclosure is that which.
a) Focuses on the relationship between you and your client.
b) Involves telling the client detailed stories about your personal past and present problems.
c) Concerns issues that you have effectively processed.
d) Relate to the clients issues.
When Dealing with someone in crisis, it is important to services the client consider all of the following EXCEPT
a) Situational supports in which they can draw strength.
b) coping mechanisms such as the actions, behaviors, or environmental resources that clients can use in getting through the crisis.
c) Positive and constructive thinking patterns which can substantially change a client's perspective on a problem and lessen stress and anxiety.
d) these clients do NOT require immediate direction in finding external resources to cope effectively with the crisis.
Your Orientation to the human services work process is most largely a function of.
a) Your client population
b) Your beliefs about human service nature and how people change.
c) The agency's policies where you are employed.
d) The resistances of your clients manifest.
Which of the following statements best describes an effective worker?
a) If i can create a therapeutic climate, my clients will tend to change in a positive direction.
b) A sociopath is resistant to therapy and will never change.
c) I'm color blind and can work equally well with any racial or ethnic group.
d) People who are on welfare are basically lazy and really don't want to work
67. During the initial stage in the human service work process, which of the following would be LEAST applicable?
a. Carrying out an action program
b. Creating a therapeutic climate
c. Understanding the context
d. Using self-disclosure appropriately
68. Conducting an initial assessment generally occurs at which stage of human service work?
a. Stage 1: Establishing a working relationship
b. Stage 2: Identifying clients’ problems
c. Stage 3: community service clients create goals
d. Stage 4: Encouraging clients’ exploration and taking action
69. During which stage do clients most address specific feelings, thoughts, and behaviors they would most like to change?
70. __________ consists of identifying a pattern of symptoms that leads to a specific diagnosis described by the DSM-5.
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. An investigation
d. A critical questioning procedure
71. Before you accept a position in any setting, it is essential that you understand _____ because this influences the manner in which the agency functions.
a. the philosophy of the agency
b. the agency’s policies about vacations and sick leave
c. what is happening in other local social service organizations
d. all of the internal politics of the agency
72. __________ is a collaborative effort that is part of the interaction between client and worker and is a process that begins with the initial sessions and continues until the professional relationship ends.
a. Diagnosis
b. Brief interventions
c. Assessment
d. An investigation
73. If your approach to human service work puts emphasis on gaining insight, much of your time with clients will likely be spent in
a. getting clients to examine their cognitions.
b. encouraging clients to identify and express their feelings.
c. exploring the reasons for actions and in interpreting clients’ behavior.
d. dealing with what clients are doing now.
74. If your approach to human service work emphasizes clients examining their beliefs about themselves and about their world, your interventions will tend to focus on
a. getting clients to carry out homework assignments as a main way to change behavior.
c. confrontation of a client’s resistances.
c what clients are thinking and the things that they continue to tell themselves.
d. community service clients accept their life circumstances by adjusting to reality.
75. Which of the following is NOT a dimension the Coreys stress in their theoretical approach?
a. Thinking
b. Feeling
c. Behaving or doing
d. Evidence-based practice
76. Theory is best described as
a. a definite set of structures that prescribes, step by step, what and how human service professionals should function.
b. a map that gives direction to what a human service professional says and does.
c. a necessary evil under a managed care system.
d. a definite set of therapy procedures for dealing with specific symptoms or problems.
77. The person-centered approach pays most attention to
a. interpretation.
b. diagnosis.
c. directive techniques.
d. active listening.
78. Which is most true regarding the Coreys’ theoretical orientation?
a. They subscribe to a single theory in its totality.
b. They do not have a theory, since a theory often blocks creativity.
c. They function within an integrative framework that they continue to modify as they practice.
d. They define themselves as cognitive-behavior therapists who are committed to short-term interventions.
79. Which theory most deals with childhood experiences that are reconstructed, explored, and interpreted in therapy?
a. Gestalt therapy
b. Adlerian therapy
c. Psychoanalytic therapy
d. Cognitive therapy
80. Existential therapy places emphasis on
a. working with the faulty belief systems of the client.
b. uncovering early childhood traumatic events.
c. the quality of the client-therapist relationship.
d. a systematic approach to changing behavior.
81. Which of the following is NOT a contribution of the person-centered approach?
a. It stresses the active role and responsibility of the client.
b. It calls attention to the need to account for a person’s inner and subjective experiences.
c. The approach specifies techniques that can be used to treat a wide range of behavioral problems.
d. It sheds light on the value of empathy, understanding, and therapist presence.
Which of the following is NOT a key concept of solution-focused brief therapy?
a. There are exceptions to every problem.
b. This approach disavows the therapist’s role of expert and emphasizes a more collaborative and consultative stance.
c. There is a movement from talking about problems to talking about creating solutions.
d. Both transference and countertransference are central aspects in the relationship.
83. Which of the following is a technique that is LEAST likely to be used by a solution-focused brief worker?
a. Active disputation of faulty beliefs
b. Exception questions
c. Scaling questions
d. The miracle question
84. As a way to put clients in the position of being the experts about their own lives, solution-focused brief workers
a. adopt a stance of being active and highly directive.
b. adopt a “not knowing” position.
c. place top priority on the I-Thou relationship.
d. conduct an assessment of a client’s total behavior.
85. Which of the following statements is NOT accurate as it applies to the family-systems approach?
a. Neither the individual nor the family is blamed for a particular dysfunction.
b. A particular family dysfunction is generally caused by the identified patient.
c. The family is empowered through the process of identifying and exploring interaction patterns.
d. If change is to come about in a family or between individual members of a family, the family must be aware of the systems that influence them.
86. Which of the following is true concerning ethical issues?
a. Making ethical decisions involves issues of right and wrong.
b. Ethical codes are dogma and can assist you in making the best possible decisions for the benefit of the client.
c. Ethical standards are the same among agencies and institutions.
d. The process of making ethical decisions involves acquiring a tolerance for dealing with gray areas and for coping with ambiguity.
87. It may be necessary to make a referral when all of the following take place EXCEPT
a. it is evident that the human service professional does not have the skills or the responsibility to offer the client the needed services.
b. the client is failing to make progress.
c. personal factors are likely to interfere with a productive working relationship.
d. the client has a disability the human service professional is uncomfortable with.
88. In light of recent court cases, there is a duty to report when all of the following are true EXCEPT
a. the client is not violent.
b. there is a chance that the client might harm him- or herself.
c. child abuse or neglect is imminent.
d. a vulnerable adult is at risk.
89. Lois, a first-year intern, is assigned the case of a male client who discloses that he is confused about his sexuality and is plagued with feelings of guilt because his wife of 10 years has no idea about his confusion. He reveals that he is tempted to be unfaithful to his wife in order to explore his sexuality. Overwhelmed and uncomfortable, Lois truly does not know how to proceed. It would be best if Lois would
a. remain non-judgmental and deny her discomfort.
b. share her negative reactions about homosexuality and attempt to persuade the client to reconsider his options.
c. meet with the client’s wife to let her know what is going on.
d. let the client know that she is very new in this work, is uncertain about how to proceed, and would like to either work with him under close supervision, or refer him to another human service worker.
90. Which of the following is NOT a way to prevent malpractice suits?
a. Make use of informed-consent procedures.
b. Take vacation without providing coverage for emergencies.
c. Carefully document a client’s treatment plan.
d. Do not barter services, except in cases where this is the cultural norm.
91. In dealing with ethical dilemmas, it is important to realize all of the following EXCEPT
a. there are rarely clear-cut answers to these dilemmas.
b. most problems are complex and defy simple solutions.
c. knowledge of ethics codes is more than enough.
d. ethics codes are not dogma, but guidelines.
92. Which of the following is NOT a major purpose of codes of ethics?
a. They educate human service professionals to the nature of sound ethical practice.
b. They spell out legal aspects of practice.
c. They provide a mechanism for professional accountability.
d. They serve as catalysts for improving practice.
93. Regarding ethics codes, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Ethics codes are partially designed to protect practitioners in cases of malpractice.
b. Compliance with or violation of ethics codes of conduct may be admissible as evidence in some legal proceedings.
c. In a lawsuit, a human service professional’s conduct would probably be judged in comparison with that of other professionals with similar qualifications and duties.
d. If one follows the ethics codes, there is never a case of a conflict between ethical and legal duties.
94. Of the following, which is the first step in making an ethical decision?
a. Apply the ethics codes.
b. Consider possible and probable courses of action.
c. Identify the problem or dilemma.
d. Obtain consultation.
95. Regarding informed consent, all of the following are true EXCEPT
a. what and how much to tell clients is determined in part by the clientele.
b. it is a good practice for human service professionals to employ an educational approach by encouraging clients’ questions about the community service relationship.
c. educating clients about the community service process is something that ought to be completed at the intake session.
d. dealing with client questions is especially critical at the initial stage of community service
96. Clients have a right to know that
a. the community service relationship will be kept confidential, except in certain circumstances.
b. confidentiality can be guaranteed when service families or groups.
c. confidential information will not be shared with others, even with another community service professional.
d. confidentiality is an absolute, since trust will not be formed if there are any conditions to maintaining confidentiality.
97. When laws and ethics collide and conflict cannot be avoided, practitioners should do all of the following EXCEPT
a. obey the law in a manner that minimizes harm to their ethical values.
b. adhere to their ethical values in a manner that minimizes the violation of the law.
c. always offer a referral to another practitioner.
d. obtain legal consultation when needed.
98. Because most human service professionals do not possess detailed legal knowledge, it is a good idea for human service professionals to obtain legal consultation about the procedures they use in their practice. Awareness of legal rights and responsibilities as they pertain to human service work relationships:
a. does not protect clients, but protects human service professionals.
b. does not protect clients or human service professionals.
c. protects clients.
d. protects clients and shields practitioners from needless lawsuits arising from negligence or ignorance.
99. With regard to making ethical decisions, which of the following statements is NOT true?
a. Reflection, collaboration, and consultation will set you on the path to a decision.
b. You should not feel pressured into making a decision until you feel certain of the outcome.
c. You may not find answers for the complex ethical dilemmas you will face in any single ethical decision-making model.
d. Most problems are complex and defy simple solutions.
100. Informal peer monitoring
a. provides an opportunity for corrective interventions and may involve confronting a colleague.
b. is considered unethical.
c. is considered a boundary crossing by the professional codes since practitioners are expected to monitor their own, not others’ behavior.
d. is illegal.
101. Poor ethical decisions often result from all of the following EXCEPT
a. an inability to view a situation objectively.
b. an inability to view a situation subjectively.
c. prejudices, biases, personal needs, or emotional investment in a situation.
d. emotions experienced while assessing the situation.
102. One of the best precautions against malpractice is:
a. not consulting with colleagues.
b. not utilizing informed consent.
c. personal and professional honesty and openness with clients.
d. not following rules for confidentiality.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning dual relationships?
Dual relationships are avoidable and always harmful.
b. Dual relationships challenge human service professionals to examine the motivations for their practice.
c. Few absolute answers can be applied in the resolutions of dual relationship dilemmas.
d. Before becoming involved in a dual relationship, it is good practice to seek consultation from colleagues or a supervisor.
104. Jenny’s adolescent cousin recently got into trouble with the law. Jenny was asked by her family to counsel him since she knows the family history from a personal point of view. If Jenny did counsel her cousin, she would
a. be in a dual relationship.
b. be in an unavoidable situation.
c. have to seek supervision.
d. document all services provided.
105. Which of the following is true concerning dual relationships?
a. There is a clear consensus among practitioners regarding nonsexual relationships in service .
b. Due to the fact that there are clinical, ethical, and legal risks, all blending of roles must be avoided.
c. Objectivity in service is enhanced with dual relationships.
d. human service workers need to make every effort to avoid dual relationships with clients that could impart professional judgment or increase the risk of harm to clients.
106. Departures from commonly accepted practices that could potentially benefit clients are referred to as
a. unethical boundaries.
b. boundary crossings.
c. boundary violations.
d. interpersonal boundaries.
107. Which of the following would maximize the risks inherent in dual or multiple relationships?
a. Set healthy boundaries from the outset.
b. Secure informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks and benefits of dual relationships.
c. Document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
d. Become romantically involved with the client.
108. Lucia is considering developing a multiple or dual relationship with her client. It's important for Lucia to remember
a. that all multiple relationships should be avoided because they are usually harmful.
b. that absolute answers are available to resolve dual or multiple relationship dilemmas.
c. to be cautious in order to protect herself from censure.
d. to consider whether the potential benefits outweigh the potential for harm.
109. What is an accepted ethical guideline in terms of having social and personal relationships with clients?
a. workers are advised to avoid dual relationships when harmful to the client; however, certain multiple relationships can not be avoided.
b. Friendships with clients always have positive results in counseling.
c. Counseling a friend is beneficial to both people involved.
d. Any form of social relationships with clients always damages the therapeutic relationship.
110. The practice of bartering professional services for either goods or services
a. is considered unethical by virtually all the ethical codes.
b. has the potential for conflicts.
c. is generally an illegal practice.
d. is always an attempt of the worker to control the client.
111. When there is potential for negative consequences arising from a dual relationship, it is the responsibility of the professional to adhere to all of the following EXCEPT
a. secure the informed consent of clients and discuss with them both the potential risks and benefits of the relationship.
b. consult with other professionals.
c. seek supervision only if you want to.
d. document any dual relationships in clinical case notes.
112. Dual/multiple relationships are generally discouraged because
a. these relationships are also illegal.
b. such relationships always impair professional judgment.
c. there is a danger of exploiting the client.
d. clients often misuse their power in the transference relationship.
113. Which of the following is NOT an example of a multiple relationship?
a. One’s instructor for didactic courses also serves as his or her clinical supervisor.
b. A worker who generally uses a nondirective approach experiments with using some directive techniques.
c. A worker and client develop a sexual relationship.
d. A poor farmer who needs mental health services exchanges vegetables and fruit for counseling.
114. Codes of ethics deal _____with setting appropriate boundaries, recognizing potential conflicts of interest, and taking steps to manage multiple relationships.
a. specifically and extensively
b. minimally and ineffectively
c. increasingly, but insufficiently
d. unrealistically
115. Home visits, and out-of-office visits fall into the category of
a. boundary crossings.
b. boundary violations.
c. boundary considerations.
d. none of the above.
116. Discussing sexual feelings about clients
a. should never occur under any circumstances.
b. should occur only with one’s religious or spiritual advisor.
c. should ideally occur during internships and peer supervision groups.
d. should occur only with the client.
117. A study showed that when deciding whether or not to accept gifts from clients, psychologists were more likely to accept gifts that were
a. inexpensive, culturally appropriate, and given as a sign of appreciation at the end of treatment.
b. inexpensive, but sentimental in value.
c. offered any time during the course of treatment as a token of gratitude as long as they were relatively inexpensive.
d. expensive and tasteful.
118. One way to broaden your awareness of the importance of creating and maintaining appropriate boundaries in the human service work relationship is to
a. focus on your personal relationships and the boundaries you place on them.
b. complete the self-inventory on managing boundaries.
c. determine if boundaries are necessary in the relationship.
d. understand the only time boundaries are needed is when working with ethnic minority populations.
119. __________ occur when professionals assume two or more roles simultaneously or sequentially with a person seeking their service.
a. Multiple relationships ***
b. Professional relationships
c. Personal relationships
d. Normal relationships
120. A __________ is a serious breach that causes harm to the client.
a. boundary setting
b. boundary relationship
c. boundary crossing
d. boundary violation
