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Alicja Klak
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A level Psychology (social influence) Mindmap am 1.3 Conformity to Social roles, erstellt von Alicja Klak am 03/04/2023.

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Alicja Klak
Erstellt von Alicja Klak vor mehr als ein Jahr
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1.3 Conformity to Social rolesZimbardo et al (1973)Stanford Prison ExperimentZ. Set up a mock prison in the basement ofStanford University Psychology department.Selected 21 male participants andassigned either role of prisoner or prisonguard.UniformPrisoners: Loose smock to wear and acap to cover their hair and wereidentified by number.Guards: Ownuniform to reflectstatus, woodenbat, handcuffsand shades.Createsde-individualisation andmeant they were morelikely to conform to theirrole.Prisoners were encourage to identify withtheir role in deep ways, such as if theywanted to leave their study, they wouldrequest to be 'placed on parole'.FindingsGuards took role with enthusiasm,treating prisoners harshly. Withintwo days prisoners rebelled.After the rebellion, prisoners becamedepressed, anxious and subdued. 1 prisonerleaving due to psychological disturbance, 2more released the 4th day and 1 went on ahunger strike.Guards identified closely withtheir role, becoming aggressiveand abusing their power.Study ended after 6 days rather than the 14.EvaluationWeaknessesStrengthsControl over variablesZimbardo had control over who was chosen forthe experiment, e.g selection of participants.Emotionally stable individuals were chosen andrandomly assigned roles of guard and prisoner.Increases internal validity of the experiment.Lack of realismBanuazizi and Mohavedi argued thatparticipants were merely adhering to their roles,and acting. Their performances were based onbehaviour that had seen on tv and characters.E.G on guard said he had based his behaviour offof a character from 'Cool Hand Luke'Role of dispositional influencesFromm (1973) accused Zimbardo of exaggerating thepower of situational influence, therefore minimisingthe influence of personality factors. E.G on a third ofthe guards behaved in a brutal mannerEthical issuesParticipants underwent severe trauma as prisoners dueto the abuse. Zimbardo had taken his role assuperintendent too seriously and when a prisonerasked to be released, did not act as a researcher.Replicates real social rolesMark McDermott (2019) argues thatparticipants behaved as if the prison wasreal to them. 90% of the prisoners'conversations were about prison life,discussing how it was impossible to leavebefore their sentences were over.Prisoner 416 later explained how he believed it was a real prisonran by psychologists rather than the government.Doppelklick auf diesen KnotenKlicke und ziehe diese Schaltfläche, um einen neuen Knoten zu erstellen