You will need:
1) one prism to show your pupils for light refracts
2) pencils (one per group but I have bought one per each child to take home)
3) paper to draw arrows (to take home) or a print outs of two arrows

STEP 2: choose your assistant dearest, using the swap and stop method.
Start class: remind them that so far we have learned the difference between forces and energy.
(A: a force disrupts inertia. For example: when you drop something. Energy is a system's or object's ability to do 'work' to get things done)

Today, we are introducing visible light (light you an see with your naked eye) as a kind of ENERGY

Ask them the first thing that springs to mind when they hear the word 'light'

STEP 3: Our opinion of light is very high. In fact we use the word light when we mean clarity. Have you ever heard this expression: "Can you shed some light?" or "Can you enlighten me?"

What do you think these expressions mean?
They mean can you explain, can you make something clear?
For most of us light= clear, understandable, positive even good

STEP 5: there is natural and artificial light. Can you point to a source of natural light? (Answer, the sun for example) Can you point to a source of artificial light? (A: lamps, chandeliers, electric light)
LIGHT IS A FORM OF ENERGY.
For example: We can store sun light to warm up water and to get electric light. Have you ever seen a solar panel?

STEP 7: when you see an object; it either emits light or ALLOWS LIGHT THROUGH. What makes up an object does influences the way you see and perceive it.
An Object can be:
1) TRANSPARENT: IF IT LETS LIGHT THROUGH, ALLOWING YOU TO SEE THROUGH THEM. Can you see any transparent object? (A: your goggles or lenses or glass for example)

2) TRANSLUCENT: IF IT LETS PART OF THE LIGHT THROUGH. Can you see translucent objects? (A: some curtains, plastic files)

3) OPAQUE: IF IT LETS NO LIGHT THROUGH. Can you see any opaque object? (A: virtually everything else: tables, chairs, doors, our bodies)

STEP 9: Light's can also diffract. Diffraction occurs when light travcels from a medium like air to another like water and CHANGES
1) SPEED
2) DIRECTION

here's when light can cheat us

insert a straw in a glass of water.
Ask: does it look straight or bent? (A: bent)
Lift the straw: but we know that this straw is not bent. Light had to change direction and speed, so it gave us the feeling that the straw had bent in water)
Can you name any other example of refraction? (A: the way you see objects under a magnifying glass) or through your lenses

STEP 11 : NOW ask the assistant dearest to give each child a pencil (allow five seconds to choose their favourite colour). Ask the children to go home and repeat the pencil in the water light refraction experiment and to explain to at least one member of their family.