Major Pipeline layout pumping stations

they're required to boost the pressure of the liquid hydrocarbon for the transportation through the entire transmission pipeline.

centrifugal pumps are used because they can economically handle large volumes of product.

they're require waste handling infrastructures,
the option of handling and injection of additives

Metering/Measurement
used to quantitatively compare properties of fluid flow such as; mass, volume and energy
Types of measuring devices

direct measurement devices *energy extractive* use fluid properties as direct measuring parameters ex: positive displacement meters & mass flow meters.
Inferential Measurements devices *energy additive) use parameters other than the fluid properties such as electronic pulse counts, system and meter factors, linear and rotational velocities, from components of measuring devices to infer flow rate examples: turbine, orifice plate, votes shedding

Metering
primary, secondary, tertiary devices
Control

pressure regulation
flow control
overpressure protection

Verification

proving
sampling
quality

measurement if the basis of trade between oil producers, royalty owners, transportation companies.
they require components to :
isolate and control the flow,
components to protect the meter from contaminants
flow conditioning elements
meters

Manifolds
piping with valving arrangements to direct or divert flow of hydrocarbon liquids to and from pumps and pump stations
allows for both isolation of a facility and/or diversion of flow
piping must be designed to avoid mechanical and flow induced vibration

General Pipeline Operations
dependent on (check intro slides)
Nomination :

pipeline operator receiving a request for shipment from various sources/customers for single or different products and to single or multiple locations.

SCADA System:
tracks the location of the shipment as it moves from the initial receipt point to its delivery point.
SCADA regulations (last page).

	Erstellt von Yasmina Moussa vor etwa 9 Jahre

Normal-level (N-level) Transmission and Storage Notiz am Intro , erstellt von Yasmina Moussa am 26/10/2015.