DNA structure and replication

Why is DNA important?

What is a DNA nucleotide made out of?

What can be said about the strands of DNA?

What is the 5' end?

What is the 3' end?

Explain the compaction of DNA

Describe the differences in compaction at interphase and metaphase

What is the role of linker histones?

Why are histones abundant in the nucleus?

What are core histones?

With chromosomes in interphase nucleus what do you see?

What is the difference between the sense and anti-sense strand?

What is the difference between the lagging and leading strand?

Explain the process of DNA replication in terms of leading and lagging strands

Explain the role of DNA topoisomerases

What targets topoisomerases? What is the result of this?

Some antibiotics interfere with DNA replication in bacteria. Give some examples

There are three ways to repair single strand defects. Explain base excision repair

There are three ways to repair single strand defects. Explain nucleotide excision repair

What is a pyrimidine dimer and what is it caused by?

What is the major concern with double strand breaks?

Double strand breaks can be joined by end-joining. Explain how non-homologous end-joining works

Double strand breaks can be joined by end-joining. Explain how homologous end-joining works

Draw a table depicting some examples of inherited DNA repair defects. Include name, phenotype and affected processes