LTC is the health care services provided to the senior citizens of our society (aged, elderly, senior, older adults, chronic disease, rehabilitation, terminal illness).
The Long-Term Care Continuum as a part of the CCRC [Continuing Care Retirement Community] (check all that applies) - (slide 7)
Independent Living
Assisted Living
Skilled Nursing
Home Care/Nursing Care
Hospice
Long term care determinants of type of care received are: (check all that applies)
Level of disability
Availability of informal caregivers (family, friends)
Financial circumstances
Availability of public programs (Medicare, Medicaid)
Personal circumstances (cultural)
Long term care main risk factors for institutionalization includes: advanced age, medical condition (physical and mental), and living alone.
Which of the three type of nursing homes ownership is the largest?
Government and others
Voluntary nonprofit
Proprietary
Long term care ADLs (Activities of Daily Living) include the following except for:
Eating
Toileting
Continence
Bathing, personal hygiene, and grooming
Dressing
Walking & transfering
Writing and signing checks to pay bills
Long term care IADLs (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) include the following except for:
Daily contact with relatives/close friends
Usually attends church, temple, synagogue
Finds strength in faith
Daily animal companion/presence
Involved in group activities
All of the following are a part of IADLs
CCRC (Continuing Care Retirement Community) are locations providing multiple residential and care types catering to caring for residents as their needs change
The following is true about ILF (Independent Living) except for:
May be as simple as senior apartments
Can be community oriented with some shared or centralized amenities potentially including meals
Minimal staff
Drugs & Pharmacy Services included
The following is true about "ALF" (Assisted Living) except for:
Combination of housing, personalized supportive services and health care designed to meet both scheduled & unscheduled needs of those needing help with activities of daily living
Residential facilities targeting individuals with a small number of ADL deficiencies
24 hour staff
Meals included
Drugs & Pharmacy Services are included
Average 1.6 ADLs deficiencies/resident Average $3,293/unit/month (≈ $108/day)
The following is true about Nursing Homes except for:
Residential care facility serving patients with high number of ADL deficiencies
Highly regulated and typical location following acute inpatient stay
Minimum Data Set (MDS) and 24/7 care with skilled staff
Drugs & pharmacy services included
All of these are true
Adult Day Services include, facility based, More supervision than care oriented, minimal ADL deficiency allow, little regulation and wide variance, average of $67/day
Hospice include: Care for terminally ill patients, care focused on comfort (“palliative”), services include focus on patient’s family, Drugs & Pharmacy Services included (facility based), and Hospice services can also be provided in a patient’s home
Hospice services can also be provided in a patient’s home
Medicare covers for only nursing facility and hospice. Covers up to 100 days (only if hospitalized for 3 or more days, enter LTC within 30 days of discharge, rehabilitation needed, and physician authorization). (age 65 or older, disabled, or end-stage renal disease)
Medicaid paid for covers only skilled nursing facility and home healthcare. (Elgibility differs by state and based on income and assets, "needs-based".
Private insurance covers the following except for:
Skilled nursing facilities
Assisted living facilities
Home health services
Adult days centers
All the above can covered by private insurances
It is a federal law enforced by Medicare for Drug Regimen Review (DRR) to be done monthly.
Counsulting in pharmacy in LTC includes the following except for:
Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE)
Drug Utilization Review (DUR)
Drug Regimen Review (DRR)
Medication Reconciliation
All are part of consulting
