Vocabulary:
Atom~A unit of matter; the smallest unit of a chemical element.
Nucleus~the central part of most cells that contains genetic material and is enclosed in a membrane (found in most living eukaryotic cells)
Molecule~a group of atoms bonded together
Element~any material (such as carbon, hydrogen, iron, or oxygen) that cannot be broken down into more fundamental substances
Compound~a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; a mixture.
Organelle~any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Cell~the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.
Tissue~any of the layers/groups of cells which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products.
Organ~a part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Organ System~a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.
Organism~an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form.
Chloroplast~an organelle that contains chlorophyll (makes plants green) and where photosynthesis happens
Ribosome~An organelle within the cytoplasm of a cell that is composed of RNA and protein and is the site of protein synthesis
Mitochondria~the powerhouse of a cell (organelle)
Cell Division~the division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material.
Cell Cycle~a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides
Mitosis~a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same DNA
Cytokinisis~the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

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Study Guide

Cells