Diana Flores
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Diana Flores
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Clin Med GI

Frage 1 von 84

1

Which of the following is the MOST common cause of chronic dyspepsia?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Peptic Ulcer disease

  • GERD

  • Functional dyspepsia

  • Gastroparesis

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 84

1

Which of the following drugs causes Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Amiodarone

  • Amlodipine

  • Methotrexate

  • Omeprazole

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT a treatment for Alcoholic Fatty liver disease?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Folic acid and thiamine

  • Carbs and calories

  • Methylprednisone

  • Diuretics

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 84

1

Which of the following is an indication to a patient with alcoholic fatty liver?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hepatic encephalopathy

  • INR <1.6

  • Total bilirubin < 10mg/dL

  • Decreased PTT

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 84

1

Which of the following symptoms is NOT an indication for upper endoscopy?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Weight loss

  • Dysphagia

  • Anemia

  • Hematochezia

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 84

1

If IgG serology or urea breath test is negative and patient is not using NSAIDS, peptic ulcer disease is excluded.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 84

1

Which of the following is a scoring system to predict advanced fibrosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ROME III criteria

  • Duke's criteria

  • BARD criteria

  • Ranson's criteria

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 84

1

High consumption of tea and caffeine are cirrhosis protectant

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 84

1

Which of the following is a cause secondary constipation?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Dysynergic defecation

  • Hypercalcemia

  • Psychosocial problems

  • Weight gain

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 84

1

Which of the following characterizes acute diarrhea?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • More than 3 BM/day

  • More than 200-300 mL in <48 hours

  • Persisting for more than 2 weeks

  • More than 5 BM/day

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT true regarding inflammatory diarrhea?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Bloody diarrhea

  • Associated with LLQ cramping

  • Diarrhea is usually high in volume

  • Fecal leukocytes or lactoferrin are usually present in infections with invasive organisms

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 84

1

Which of the following do you use to screen for hepatocellular carcinoma?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • CT scan

  • A-Fetoprotein

  • HBsAg levels

  • ERCP

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 84

1

Mikey is a 28 y/o male who presents to your clinic c/o 6 episodes of persistent, watery diarrhea that began today with associated periumbilical cramping, nausea, and multiple episodes of vomiting. He denies any fever, chills, weight loss, hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, or arthralgias. Pt states his symptoms began about 8 hours after going out to eat with his friend. He denies any recent traveling. Electrolytes were drawn and shows patient is hypokalemic. Stool culture is pending. Which of the following is the most common cause of his symptoms?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Non-inflammatory diarrhea

  • Inflammatory diarrhea

  • Crohn's

  • IBS

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT a direct cause of pancreatitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Aging

  • Gallstones

  • Alcohol

  • Smoking

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 84

1

Which of the following diseases can also be seen to have concomitant pleural effusion and atelectasis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • GERD

  • Hepatitis

  • Pancreatitis

  • Cholecystitis

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 84

1

What does Ranson's Criteria measure?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The severity of acute alcoholic pancreatitis

  • The different treatment regimens depending on severity of pancreatitis

  • How to diagnose a patient with IBS

  • To predict advanced fibrosis

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 84

1

Crohn's disease has a high comorbidity in for gallstones

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 84

1

Choose ALL that apply: Which of the following can protect against gallstones?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Ceftriaxone

  • Octreotide

  • ASA

  • NSAIDS

  • Clofibrate

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT associated with increase incidence of chronic pancreatitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Toxic metabolite

  • Genetic causes

  • Idiopathic

  • Hemochromatosis

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 84

1

An APACHE II score less than or equal to 8 correlates with mortality in acute pancreatitis?

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 84

1

Which of the following is the reason for development of chronic pancreatitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Acute pancreatitis causes an inflammatory process that results in injury and fibrosis

  • Edema or obstruction in the ampulla of Vater that causes reflux of bile into pancreatic ducts and causes direct and permanent injury of the pancreatic acinar cells by activated pancreatic enzymes

  • The development of chronic pancreatitis is unknown

  • None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 84

1

Which of the following pathogens are seen in inflammatory diarrhea? Choose ALL that apply.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • E. coli

  • Staph aureus

  • Shigellosis

  • Salmonellosis

  • Campylobacter

  • STEC

  • Bacillus

  • Clostridium

  • Giardia

  • C. diff

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 84

1

Which of the following should be given to a post who requires severe rehydration due to multiple episodes of diarrhea and vomiting?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • IV lactated ringer

  • Bisocodyl

  • Fluoroquinolones

  • Gatorade

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT included in Charcot's triad?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Fever and chills

  • RUQ abdominal pain

  • Fever

  • Hypotension

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 84

1

How many stool samples are required to check for ova and parasites?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

  • 5

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT indicated for antibiotic use in patients with acute diarrrhea?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Emperic use

  • Patient with fever, tenesmus

  • Bloody stools without STEC infection

  • Presence of fecal lactoferrin

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 84

1

Increased osmotic gap (>125) in indicative of what?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Malabsorption of osmotically active substances

  • Endocrine tumors

  • Bile malabsorption

  • Chronic infection

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 84

1

How is carb malabsorption diagnosed?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Elimination trial for 2-3 weeks

  • Hydrogen breath test

  • Osmotic gap greater than 125

  • Both A and B

  • Both B and C

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 84

1

Which of the followings the routine stool study for checking steatorrhea?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Sudan stain

  • Serologic testing

  • Endoscopy

  • Somalian test

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 84

1

Total weight and fat of 24 hour stool collection that shows <200-300g/24 hr indicates:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Osmotic diarrhea

  • Secretory diarrhea

  • Diarrhea caused by motility disorders (such as IBS)

  • Chronic infection

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 84

1

Wähle von der Aufklappliste, um den Text zu vervollständigen.

Large volume of bright red blood is typically due to a ( colonic, Rectosigmoid, Anus, Lesion in the right colon ) source

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 84

1

It's important to perform an NG tube aspiration in patients with acute lower GI bleeds

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 84

1

Patient presents to your clinic with fever, abdominal pain, and distention. He also states he has had decrease in urinary output and his mind has felt "fuzzy" and has been feeling forgetful for the past 2 days. Which of the following is necessary in order to make a dx and to treat the patient?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • CBC with diff

  • Paracentesis

  • ERCP

  • Ultrasound to evaluate the liver size and amount of ascites that is present

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 84

1

Patient presents to your office c/o clay-colored stool and dark urine, as well as jaundice. You draw LFTs and and enzyme immunoassay and recombinant immunoblot assay since the patient has admitted to you that he has multiple sexual partners without using protection. You find that the patient is positive for Anti-HCV and HCV RNA genotype type 1. Which of the following treatments is indicated for this patient?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Simeprevir (Olysio) (NS3/4A protease inhibitors)

  • Peginterferon followed by ribavirin

  • Dasabuvir alone (NS5B NNPIs)

  • Daclatasvir (NS5A inhibitors)

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 84

1

Which of the following drugs are not indicated for treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Norfloxacin

  • Bactrim

  • Cefotaxime

  • Metronidazole

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 84

1

Which of the following is MOST associated with Barrett's esophagitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hiatal hernias

  • Gastroparesis

  • Delayed gastric emptying

  • Strictures

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of GERD?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Pain 30-60 min after eating

  • Epigastric pain relieved with eating

  • Relief of pain with antacids

  • Heartburn with asthma symptoms

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 84

1

Which of the following is not an indication for upper endoscopy in patient who presents with GERD?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Patient's with dysphagia or odyophagia

  • Patient with iron deficiency anemia

  • Patients who are 55 years of age or older

  • Patients with an acid taste in their mouth, which would represent abnormal esophageal acid exposure

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 84

1

Typical GERD patient does not require initial studies

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 84

1

Which of the following esophageal abnormalities is worse?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A

  • B

  • C

  • D

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 84

1

When is it NOT indicated to perform a barium esophagography?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • To identify stricture

  • To visualize esophageal webs and rings

  • Zenker diverticulum

  • These are all indicated

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT an indication for fundoplication?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Barrett's

  • Patients with poorly controlled symptoms

  • Patients with extraesophageal symptoms and recurrence of symptoms

  • Patient that does not respond to PPI bid

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 84

1

Which of the following is true regarding Barrett's?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Columnar cells are replaced by metaplastic squamous epithelium

  • It occurs more in females than in males

  • It is an orange-gastric type epithelium

  • None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 84

1

Which of the following CANNOT be used to treat acute nausea and vomiting?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

  • Neurokinin receptor antagonists with steroids and serotonin antagonists

  • Dopamine antagonist

  • All can be used to treat acute N/V

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 84

1

Three week old child is brought in to the ER by his parents after they report he has been having projectile vomiting. Your physical exam shows signs of dehydration as well as an "olive-shaped" mass. Which of the following imaging studies will you want to obtain first to confirm your diagnosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • CT of the abdomen/pelvis

  • Abdominal Ultrasound

  • Barium X-ray to show stenosis

  • EGD

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 84

1

Which of the following treatments is indicated for pyloric stenosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Pyloromyotomy

  • Dilation with flexible bougies

  • Anticholinergics to relax the sphincter

  • Fundoplication

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 84

1

Which of the following gastric neoplasms have the worst prognosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Ulcerative carcinoma

  • Superficial

  • Polypoid carcinoma

  • Linitis plastic

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 84

1

Which of the following is not true regarding gastric neoplasms?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Patients will have guaiac positive stool

  • Upper endoscopy with biopsy is the most accurate test

  • Abdominal CT is the most accurate test

  • It is common in Japan

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT a cause of fecal impaction?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Psychiatric problems

  • Neuro diseases of the colon

  • Spinal cord diseases

  • All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 84

1

Which of the following conditions can be treated with gancyclovir?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • CMV esophagitis

  • Candida esophagitis

  • Herpes simplex esophagitis

  • AIDS esophagitis

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 84

1

Patient presents with dysphagia, odynophagia, and substernal chest pain. You also notice some oral thrush on physical exam. Which of the following studies will you order in order to obtain your diagnosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Endoscopy with biopsy and brushings

  • Colonoscopy with biopsy

  • FOBT

  • Stool sample

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 84

1

Which of the following endoscopic findings would you expect to see in someone who has candidal esophagitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Diffuse, linear, yellow white plaques adhering to mucosa

  • One to several large shallow superficial ulcers

  • Multiple small deep ulcers

  • Single or multiple ulcers at the squamocolumnar junction

Erklärung

Frage 53 von 84

1

Which of the following endoscopic findings would you expect to see in someone who has CMV esophagitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Diffuse, linear, yellow white plaques adhering to mucosa

  • One to several large, shallow, superficial ulcers

  • Multiple small deep ulcers

  • Single or multiple erosions or ulcers at the squamocolumnar junction

Erklärung

Frage 54 von 84

1

Pill induced esophagitis will show one to a few discrete ulcers that can be shallow or deep on endoscopy

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 55 von 84

1

Which of the following is strong predisposing factor to Mallory-Weiss tears?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Alcoholism

  • Smoking

  • Obesity

  • Hypercholesteronemia

Erklärung

Frage 56 von 84

1

Where are Mallory-Weiss tears located?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • At the gastroesophageal junction

  • At the pharyngeal-esophageal junction

  • In the upper 1/3 of the esophagus

  • None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 57 von 84

1

Which of the following is NOT a treatment of choice for Mallory-Weiss tears?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Cautery with probe

  • Injection with epinephrine

  • Injection with botox

  • Endoclip placement

Erklärung

Frage 58 von 84

1

What is the study of choice for diagnosing Mallory-Weiss tears?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Barium x-ray

  • Upper endoscopy

  • CBC with diff

  • Abdominal CT

Erklärung

Frage 59 von 84

1

Which of the following endoscopic findings is consistent with eosinophilic esophagitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • White exudates or papules, red furrows, corrugated concentric rings, strictures

  • Multiple small deep ulcers

  • Single or multiple erosions or ulcers in distal esophagus

  • Diffuse plaques on mucosa

Erklärung

Frage 60 von 84

1

Which of the following can NOT cause persistent hiccups?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Infections

  • Uremia

  • Hypercapnia

  • Neoplasms

Erklärung

Frage 61 von 84

1

Which of the following studies is best to visualize esophageal webs and rings?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Upper endoscopy

  • Barium esophagogram

  • Transesophageal ultrasound

  • CT scan

Erklärung

Frage 62 von 84

1

Which of the following does not characterize Esophageal webs?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Thin, diaphragm-like membrane

  • Typically occurs in the mid or upper esophagus

  • Usually located in the distal esophagus

  • Can occur with eosinophilic esophagitis

Erklärung

Frage 63 von 84

1

Which of the following does not characterize Esophageal rings?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Smooth, circumferential, thin mucosal structures less than 4mm in thickness

  • They are associated in nearly all cases with hiatal hernias

  • Can occur with graft-versus-host disease

  • Located in the distal esophagus

Erklärung

Frage 64 von 84

1

How are patients with esophageal webs treated?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Bougie dilators

  • Endoscopic electrosurgical incision of the ring

  • Treat with long-term PPIs in pts with heartburn

  • All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 65 von 84

1

45 year old Caucasian male with a h/o of GERD and 60 pack year history of smoking presents to your office for multiple complaints including worsening dysphagia, unintentional weight loss, odynophagia, hematemesis, hoarseness of his voice, and some generalized, nonradiating chest pain. Which of the following tests will help you make a definitive diagnosis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Barium swallow

  • Upper endoscopy with biopsy

  • Transesophageal ultrasound

  • CT scan

Erklärung

Frage 66 von 84

1

Which of the following best describes the cause of zenker diverticulum?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Loss of elasticity of upper esophageal sphincter causing restricted opening during swallowing

  • Portal hypertension

  • Increase pressures in the esophagus

  • Idiopathic cause

Erklärung

Frage 67 von 84

1

Patient presents c/o vague oropharyngeal dysphagia with some throat discomfort. She also states she has been waking up at night with choking episodes and notices she has been regurging undigested food. You perform a barium x-ray and notice protrusion of the phayngeal mucosa. Which of the following is the best treatment for this patient?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Upper esophageal myotomy

  • Surgical diverticuloectomy

  • Incising the septum between the esophagus and the diverticulum

  • These are all treatment options

Erklärung

Frage 68 von 84

1

Which is the most common cause of GI bleed d/t portal HTN?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Esophageal varices

  • Mallory-Weiss tears

  • Boerhaave syndrome

  • Cirrhosis

Erklärung

Frage 69 von 84

1

Which of the following causes increase risk of bleed if present in esophageal varices?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Pressure gradient between the protal vein and inferior vena cava is greater than 6 mmHg

  • Presence of red wale markings

  • Presence of dysphagia

  • When bleeding spontaneously stops

Erklärung

Frage 70 von 84

1

Which of the following drugs can be given to patients with medium to large varices, small variceal red wale marks or advanced cirrhosis in order to prevent a bleed from ever occurring?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Non-selective beta blockers

  • B1 selective beta blockers

  • Corticosteroids

  • ASA

Erklärung

Frage 71 von 84

1

IBS is usually present with nocturnal symptoms.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 72 von 84

1

What should be given to patients who have variceal bleading with an INR>1.8-2 or platelet count <50,000?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Fresh frozen plasma

  • Vitamin K

  • Platelets

  • Thrombin

Erklärung

Frage 73 von 84

1

Cirrhotic patients admitted with upper GI bleeds have more than 50% chance of ____________, and that is why they need prophylaxis with ____________.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Severe bacterial infection; IV fluoroquinolones or IV 3rd generation cephalosporins

  • Bleed; vitamin K

  • increased portal hypertension; selective beta blockers

  • Liver cancer; 5-ASA

Erklärung

Frage 74 von 84

1

Prolonged use of ASA and NSAIDs is known to decrease risk of cancer and carcinomas

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 75 von 84

1

What is the most important determinant of long-term survival:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Stage of the disease at initial presentation

  • Screening

  • The severity of patient's symptoms

  • The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) measurement

Erklärung

Frage 76 von 84

1

Rectal cancer has a worse prognosis than colon cancer

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 77 von 84

1

Which of the following is standard for detecting cancer and large adenomas in patients with chronic blood loss?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hemoccult II

  • Sensitive FOBT

  • Rectal exam

  • Colonoscopy as first test

Erklärung

Frage 78 von 84

1

If polyps are found with flexible sigmoidoscopy, what would be the next best step?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Scope the entire colon with colonoscopy

  • Start patients on chemotherapy

  • Obtain routine studies for staging

  • Obtain a double contrast barium enema

Erklärung

Frage 79 von 84

1

A good colonoscopy study does not depend on the patient's prep before the procedure

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 80 von 84

1

Which of the following does require bowel prep?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Upper GI obstruction

  • Suspected acute diverticulitis

  • Recent bowel surgery

  • When used for screening

Erklärung

Frage 81 von 84

1

When using laser or coagulator on colonoscopy, you must remove air and use CO2 to avoid explosion

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 82 von 84

1

The majority of the appendices are present in the ____________

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Retrocecal fossa

  • Anterocecal fossa

  • Lateralocecal fossa

  • Inferocecal fossa

Erklärung

Frage 83 von 84

1

What is the diagnostic standard for appendicitis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Abdominal US

  • Abdominal CT

  • Abdominal X-ray

  • none of the above

Erklärung

Frage 84 von 84

1

Patient presents with fever and chills, jaundice, RUQ pain. Patient's wife states he has not been acting himself, stating pt had difficulty remembering her name today. Patient's blood pressure is 90/50, HR was 100, RR 14. Which of the following conditions are you likely concerned about?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Cholangitis

  • Supperative cholangitis

  • Choledocolithiasis

  • Cholescystisis

Erklärung