In normal RBC destruction, globin is recycled and Fe is broken down
In Intravascular Haemolytic Anaemia, cells are lysed in the blood vessels
Why is Intravascular H.A so dangerous?
Hb dimers form in the blood and block the kidneys
R.B.C fragments block capillaries
R.B.C's aggregate and block capillaries
Renal failure and Heamoglobinurea are caused by...
Intravascular
Extravascular
What is implicated in Extravascular Haemolytic Anaemia
The spleen
The bone marrow
The liver
In Extravascular, macrophage Fc receptors bind to the RBC's Ig's
Once bound, what happens to RBC's in Haemolytic Anaemia
A small portion of RBC membrane in ingested
RBC's a phagocytosed
Leukocytes bind to RBC's
If small portions of RBC membrane is removed, what happens?
Cell becomes spherical and less malleable
And is deformed by spleenic machinary
Loss of RBC's leads to low glucose in the spleen, which leads to...
Inc haemolysis
Fatigue
Inc risk of diabetes
Reticuloctosis- inc presence of reticulocytes
What causes reticulocytosis?
The body trying to replace lost R.B.C's but can't keep up production
The damaged R.B.Cs degenerate into reticulocytes
The lymphocytes attack R.B.Cs, making them degenerate into reticulocytes
In Drug Induced Haemolytic Anaemia, what happens?
Drug induced antibodies cross react
Drug specific antibodies cross react
Drugs cause R.B.C's to aggregate
Haemolytic Anaemias can be caused by physical stress....
Caused by heart valve turbulence
Damage from fibrin strands
March Haemoglobinurea is damge to RBC's in small foot bones due to prolonged marching/running
Infections can cause H.A by altering R.B.C morphology
What's the difference between Immune and Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia?
Immune - Antibodies react with own RBC's Autoimmune - Antibodies react with transfused RBC's
Autoimmune - Antibodies react with own RBC's Immune- Antibodies react with transfused RBC's
In some cases, an RBC transfusion can lead to degredation of the original RBC's
Name two types of Inherited Haemolytic Anaemia
Sickel Cell Anaemia
Thalassaemia
Hereditary Spherocytosis is caused by an abnormal membrane causing Spherical R.B.C's
