plate tectonics

transform plates

divergent plates

convergent plates

igneous rocks

sedimentary rocks

metamorphic rocks

monoculture

leeching

salinization

erosion
(in reference to damaging soil)

aquifer

groundwater recharge

stratosphere

troposphere

differential heating

albedo

hadley cell

Coriolis effect

El Nino - Southern Oscillation
(ENSO)

soil degradation

the rock cycle

seismic activity

rain shadow

climate vs. weather