Gen Vet Med Midterm 1

Frage 1 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a level of refinement for a problem?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Clinical signs
Pathophysiology
Lab data
Tentative diagnosis

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 55

1

A problem may be refined with accumulation of facts, temporarily inactivated, resolved, but never removed.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a problem oriented medical record?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Approaches each problem separately
Excellent for group practice communication
Eliminates oversight
Excellent for teaching logical and thorough diagnostic approach

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 55

1

What does bifurcation allow us to do?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Evaluate broad categories of rule outs
Potentially use less invasive diagnostic tools
Potentially use less expensive diagnotics
All of the above

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 55

1

Check all that are included in the minimum data base.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Signalment
System
Degree of evaluation
Final diagnosis
Physical exam findings

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 55

1

The master problem list may contain vaccine information, HW test, Felv status, or drugs dispensed.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 55

1

The last page of the master list acts as an index.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 55

1

A problem is anything that will interfere with the animal's well being and will require further evaluation and treatment.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 55

1

SOAP is the method utilized for progress notes.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 55

1

Which describes the subjective section of a SOAP.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Historical, overall assessment (ex. BAR), observations that are not easily quantified (stronger, better appetite, etc)
Daily PE findings, quantitated data (lab results, rad findings, ECG, neuro exam)
Interpretation and explanation of problem at this time period, current differential diagnosis, evaluation of treatment, how this case differs from typical case, shows student's understanding of case
What tests will be performed in the next 24 hrs, list therapeutic objectives and goals, what treatments will be administered in the next 24 hrs (include dose, frequency, route of administration), client education

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 55

1

Which of the following describes the assessment section of a SOAP?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Historical, overall assessment (BAR), observations not easily quantitated (stronger, better appetite, etc)
Daily PE findings, quantitated data (lab results, rad findings, ECG, neuro exam)
Interpretation and explanation of problem at this time period, current differential diagnosis, evaluation of treatment, how this case differs from typical case, shows student's understanding of case
What tests will be performed in the next 24 hrs, list therapeutic objectives and goals, what treatment will be administered in the next 24 hrs (include dose, frequency, route of administration), client education

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 55

1

Which of the following are to be included in recording client education.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Time of communication
Person talked with
Summarize conversation
All of the above
None of the above

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 55

1

Which of the following is FALSE?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Shock occurs when oxygen delivery does not equal oxygen consumption
Hypovolemic shock can be due to GDV, caval syndrome, cardiac tamponade
Distributive shock can occur due to vasodilation effectively removing blood from circulation, sepsis, or anaphlaxis
Cardiac shock can result from decreased cardiac output

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 55

1

Blood pressure can change when there are changes to systemic vascular resistance and/or cardiac output.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a compensatory response to hypotension?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Sympathetic activtion
RAAS
ADH
Vasodilation

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 55

1

Many of the clinical signs of hypovolemic shock are due to compensatory mechanisms.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 55

1

Which set of clinical signs is associated with compensated shock?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Normal mentation, increased heart rate, normal to decrease temperature, normal to tacky pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 second CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses) blood pressure, normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate increased in dogs, decreased in cats; decreased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, decreased heart rate, normal to increased temperature, normal to tacky pale mucous membranes, normal CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses) blood pressure, normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate decreased in dogs, increased in cats; increased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; elevated blood pressure; lactate> 3

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 55

1

Which set of clinical signs is associated with early decompensation?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate increased in dogs, decreased in cats; decreased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, increased heart rate, normal to decreased temperature, normal to tacky, pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 seconds CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses), normal to increased (1-4) lactate
Mentation may be depressed, obtunded, stupor; heart rate decreased in dogs, increased in cats; increased temperature; pale, cyanotic mucous membranes; CRT> 2 seconds; low blood pressure; lactate> 3
Normal mentation, decreased heart rate, normal to decreased temperature, normal to tacky, pale mucous membranes, normal to around 2 seconds CRT, normal (+/- bounding pulses), decreased lactate

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 55

1

What is the shock dose for dogs when using crystalloid IV fluids?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

90 ml/kg
80 ml/kg
70 ml/kg
60 ml/kg

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 55

1

You should give most of the shock dose as quickly as you can.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT true about hypertonic saline?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

It is 7% saline (NaCl)
When given IV it results in rapid movement of interstitial and intracellular fluid into intravascular space
It has a short lived effect
It is given in small volume over 20-30 minutes

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 55

1

Which of the following is/are reasons to use colloids during shock? Check all that you think apply.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Hyperproteinemia
Hypoproteinemia
Lack of response to initial crystalloid administration
To improve hydration after initial crystalloid administration
None of these

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 55

1

Vasopressors and positive inotropes are used due to poor response to volume replacement and for hypovolemic shock.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 55

1

Giving oxygen in shock provides oxygen to tissues but it may not change oxygen transport.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 55

1

Hypothermia improves vascular response to fluids which is why it is important to use passive warming. Coming out of hypothermia too rapidly will impair the vascular response.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 55

1

What % of body weight is blood volume?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

6
7
8

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an indication for fluid therapy?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Rehydration
Expansion of intravascular volume
Decrease plasma oncotic pressure
Correct electrolyte imbalances

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 55

1

Which of the following clinical signs is associated with 6-8% dehydration?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Undetectable
Delayed skin tent
Dry mucous membranes
Sunken eyes
Weak pulses

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of oral fluid therapy?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Most physiologic route
No risk of overhydration
Reduce electrolyte loss is dehydration
Rapid absorption

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 55

1

Subcutaneaous fluids are ok for mild dehydration but there is moderate risk of overhydration.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 55

1

Hypertonic solutions should only be administered in a central catheter when given IV.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 55

1

You should not give maintenance solutions unless a patient is hydrated.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 55

1

Hpertonic saline causes a rapid increase in intracellular volume.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 55

1

Which of the following are other treatments for shock, once the animal has been stabilized? Check all that apply.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

GI protectants to treat/prevent GI ulcers
GI protectants that are H2-blockers
Antibiotics for septic shock
Antibiotics for patients with GI hemorrhage
Antibiotics for compensatory shock
Analgesia, but not opiods
Sodium bicarbonate to treat severe acidosis if present after volume replacement

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 55

1

Sepsis is a subset of systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 55

1

Which of the following distinguishes severe sepsis from septic shock?

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Severe sepsis has hypotension that responds to fluid therapy and supportive care. It also requires vasopressors.
Severe sepsis has hypotension that responds to fluid therapy and supportive care. It does not require vasopressors.
Septic shock has hypotension, responds to fluid therapy,and requires vasopressors.
Septic shock has hypotension, is unresponsive to fluid therapy, and requires vasopressors.

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 55

1

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Hypovolemic shock- SIRS infection and hypotension
Septic shock- vasodilation + vasoconstriction + thrombosis
Cardiogenic shock- decreased myocardial function
Distributive shock- excessive capillary permeability and fluid loss

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 55

1

Check all that are early clinical signs of sepsis.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Depression
Fever
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Pale mucous membranes
Rapid CRT
Weak pulses

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 55

1

Urine should be cultured in suspected cases of sepsis. Bacteriuria can occur in sepsis without clinical signs of UTI.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 55

1

Which of the following would NOT be expected from laboratory tests in a case of sepsis? (sepsis is the only problem)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Post renal azotemia
Hypoglycemia
Hyperbilirubinemia
Elevated liver enzymes

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT or would not be part of a treatment plan for sepsis?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Narrow spectrum antibiotics
Nutritional support
Treat for shock if present
Treat complications such as DIC, organ failure, hypoglycemia
These are all used for treatment of sepsis

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 55

1

Which of the following defines hyperthermia?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Elevation in core body temperature due to a changed thermoregulatory set point in the hypothlamus
Elevation in body temperature above normal range that occurs without a change in the hypothalamic set point

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 55

1

Heat gain occurs by 2 broad mechanisms. Which of the following does NOT result in decreased loss?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Catecholamines
Vasoconstriction
Piloerection
Seek warm environment

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a method of heat loss?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Vsodilation
Panting
Postural change
Seek cold environment
All of the above are methods of heat loss

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 55

1

Which of the following are possible causes for fever? Check all that apply.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Infection
Immune-mediated
Neoplastia
Inflammation
Drugs
Toxins

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool for stage 2 diagnosis of FUO? (fever of unknown origin)

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Protein electrophoresis
Bone marrow aspirate
Dental rads
FNA of masses, lymph nodes

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 55

1

When doing a therapeutic antibiotic trial for FUO, how long, minimum, should the full dose be given?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

5 days
1 weeks
10 days
2 weeks

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 55

1

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a therapeutic corticosteroid trial for FUO?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

If truly immune-mediated, pyrexia and clinical signs are usually resolved in 48-72 hrs
Many conditions will respond to steroids initially
Complicates diagnosis of neoplasia
You must rule out infection as the cause first

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 55

1

NSAIDs act centrally on the hypothalamus and reduce prostaglandin production via inhibition of cycloxygenase which results in peripheral vasoconstriction.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 55

1

Which of the following does NOT result from excessive core body temperature associated with heat stroke/hyperthermia?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Intracellular alterations
Protein denaturation
Enzyme activation
Cell membrane instability

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 55

1

Heat stroke can damage the thermoregulatory center. This leads to a predisposition to subsequent hyperthermic episodes.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

WAHR
FALSCH

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 55

1

Which of the following is NOT a renal effect from heat stroke?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Indirect thermal injury to renal tubular epithelium
Hypoxia due to hypovolemia
Microthrombi associated with DIC
Myoglobin from rhabdomyolysis is nephrotoxic and may exacerbate renal tubular dz

	Erstellt von karahm vor fast 11 Jahre

Covers POVMR through Fever and hyperthermia. There may be a few fluid therapy questions thrown in there (more on part 2)

Gen Vet Med Midterm 1

Frage 1 von 55

Which of the following is NOT a level of refinement for a problem?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 55

A problem may be refined with accumulation of facts, temporarily inactivated, resolved, but never removed.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 55

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a problem oriented medical record?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 55

What does bifurcation allow us to do?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 55

Check all that are included in the minimum data base.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 55

The master problem list may contain vaccine information, HW test, Felv status, or drugs dispensed.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 55

The last page of the master list acts as an index.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 55

A problem is anything that will interfere with the animal's well being and will require further evaluation and treatment.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 55

SOAP is the method utilized for progress notes.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 55

Which describes the subjective section of a SOAP.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 55

Which of the following describes the assessment section of a SOAP?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 55

Which of the following are to be included in recording client education.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 55

Which of the following is FALSE?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 55

Blood pressure can change when there are changes to systemic vascular resistance and/or cardiac output.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 55

Which of the following is NOT a compensatory response to hypotension?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 55

Many of the clinical signs of hypovolemic shock are due to compensatory mechanisms.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 55

Which set of clinical signs is associated with compensated shock?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 55

Which set of clinical signs is associated with early decompensation?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 55

What is the shock dose for dogs when using crystalloid IV fluids?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 55

You should give most of the shock dose as quickly as you can.