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Fill in the blanks quiz on self defence.

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Self Defence

Frage 1 von 14

1

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Self defence is a...

defence
It legitimises D's behaviour

General defence
It applies to every case where D is not the cause of the initial contact

defence
It provides a full if successful

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Frage 2 von 14

1

An excusatory defence "excuses" D's behaviour. Examples are diminished responsibility, loss of control and in some cases, intoxication.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 3 von 14

1

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Excusatory defences are subject to a test.

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Frage 4 von 14

1

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Self-defence is subject to a test:

1. The use of force must be , and...
2. The use of must be reasonable.

Both the subjective and elements must be satisfied.

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Frage 5 von 14

1

Necessity is the element of the test.
Reasonableness is the objective element of the test.

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    subjective
    objective

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Frage 6 von 14

1

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R v Owino concerns the ( reasonableness, necessity, proportionality ) of force used.

Devlin v Armstrong concerns the ( imminence, reasonableness, proportionality ) of force used.

Beckford v R and A-G's Reference concern ( pre-emptive strikes, proportionality, a duty to retreat ).

( R v Julien, Beckford v R, R v Clegg ) and R v Bird concern a duty to retreat.

R v Clegg concerns ( excessive, unreasonable, unnecessary, imminent ) force.

R v Martin concerns the ( necessity, reasonableness, imminence, proportionality ) of force.

R v Ahluwalia concerns the ( necessity, imminence and proportionality, reasonableness, excessive use ) of force.

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Frage 7 von 14

1

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The has the evidential burden.
D must raise enough to prove to the judge a case of self-defence.

The prosecution has the .
They have the onus - they must rebut the of a self-defence case.

The standard of proof is .

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Frage 8 von 14

1

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The , Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, dismantled and asserted that there is no duty to retreat in the face of trespass to property.

The , inserted clause which states that the use of force can be now up to anything '' in householder cases.

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Frage 9 von 14

1

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suggests that the amendment to section can be criticised as in an area that was seemingly operating without great difficulty.
to the law through the absence of a definition of '.'

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Frage 10 von 14

1

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said that the aggressor temporarily his rights the moment he poses a to another.

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Frage 11 von 14

1

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said that possessing the is dependent on the exhibited by the individual.

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Frage 12 von 14

1

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argued that conditions must be met in order to satisfy self-defence:
1. The of the aggressor
2. A social-legal order in need of
3. The victim's

Self-defence can be on the basis of the and the legal system in particular.

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Frage 13 von 14

1

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said that it is essential to consider the background to D's plea when . It can change the way we understand .

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Frage 14 von 14

1

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Criminal Law Act 1963, governs the law on self-defence. It is about the idea of one being able to /defend himself from harm. This Act merely the common law defence, but it is in its application.

2008, s76 applies to both the common law and statutory defence, as above. It does replace the existing law above. It merely it. It has an and was enacted under the government.

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