Inflammatory, neoplastic, and thrombotic disease

An inflammation of the lining of the heart.

Can endocarditis effect the lining of the heart and vessels?

Where is endocarditis generally confined to?

An invasion of microorganism a

What is an example of infective endocarditis?

What are some other sites that primary infection can occur?

A _______ is the classic manifestation of endocarditis

What are vegetations generally attracted to?

What are some pre existing valve abnormalities that a vegetation can occur?

The majority of organisms attach to the __________

Where are the flow sides on the atrioventricular and semilunar side?

This is a highly virulent with a sudden onset with rapid deconstruction of cardiac tissue.

What does acute endocarditis present as?

What is the problem with acute endocarditis?

This is a subtle presentation that is sub clinical for as long as 8 weeks with invasion of abnormal valves.

This infection is found in the respiratory tract, enters through blood stream to attack, and is caused by streptococcus viroid ants

What are the sign and symptoms of endocarditis?

Small painless red-blue spots on palms of hands or feet.

Endocarditis must be what size before it is detectable?

What are the 2D findings of endocarditis?

What is the best modality to see endocarditis in 2D?

Is the LV function normal when you have endocarditis?

How do you measure the size of vegetations?

How do fresh vegetations appear?

How do old vegetations appear?

What will you see in m-mode with endocarditis?

Severe acute AI from vegetations could cause LV end diastolic pressure to exceed the aorta causing?

What are you looking for in Doppler with endocarditis?

What do you utilize color flow to evaluate for?

What are some complications of endocarditis?

What are the treatments for endocarditis?

Does a negative echo/ Doppler study exclude the diagnosis of endocarditis?

What are some etiology of cardiac tumors?

Are a majority of primary cardiac tumors benign?

This is the most common benign tumor found in adults, and it is 80% of all cardiac tumors

Myxomas generally range from?

What does a Myxomas look like?

What do you evaluate for when you find a Myxoma?

What are the signs and symptoms of a Myxoma?

What are the complications of Myxomas?

Why might a person suddenly die when they have a Myxoma?

What are the treatments for a Myxoma?

What is the second most common benign tumor?

What is the most common valvular tumor?

With a papillary fibroelastoma, what is effected in adults? Children?

What is the size of a papillary fibroelastoma?

What does a papillary fibroelastoma look like?

What are the signs and symptoms of papilloma?

What are the treatments for papillomas?

How is diagnosis of papilloma generally diagnosed?

A well encapsulated tumor that is composed of mature fat cells.

A lipoma is generally ______ in size and associated with ___________?

Where are lipomas generally located?

What is the treatment for a lipoma?

This is a bulky tumor that is frequently embedded in the myocardial wall of the ventricles or IVS

When does a fibroma generally present?

What are some complications of a fibroma?

What are the treatments for a fibroma?

These are multiple yellowish gray tumors found in the ventricle walls.

What is the most common primary tumor found in children?

What are rhabdomyomas associated with?

What are tuberous sclerosis?

Are rhabdomyomas seen in adults or children?

What are some complications of rhabdomyoma?

What is the treatment for rhabdomyoma?

What is the most common primary malignant tumor?

Where are angiosarcomas located?

What are angiosarcomas associated with and what do they compromise?

Due to the rapidness of angiosarcoma, what are the treatments?

What is the prognosis for a angiosarcoma?

In what ways do metastatic tumors present?

What is a primary malignant tumor?

Tumors from the chest initially invades the pericardium.

What do most direct extensions present with?

What are some examples of direct extension?

Metastasis through the blood system

With a hematogenous spread, what side will be effected?

What are some examples of hematogenous spread?

What are the most common cause for cardiac involvement?

Metastatic involvement of the mediastinal lymph nodes

What are some examples of lymphatic spread?

What does stagnated lymph flow create?

Tumors invading through the venous system

What is the most common venous extension?

What are some examples of venous extension?

What does abdominal masses via the IVC invade?

What are some examples of abdominal masses via the IVC?

Where does a thyroid carcinoma via the SVC invade?

Where does lung carcinoma via the pulmonary veins invade?

Pts present with PE/ tamponade, heart failure, dysrythmias, and the prognosis depends on the treatment of primary malignancy.

Anywhere within the vicinity of the heart, not in the pericardium, and can push on and distort the heart.

Generally with extra cardiac tumors which side is distorted?

What are some examples of extra cardiac tumors?

Metastasizing tumor from the appendix or ileum

What do the tumors of carcinoid heart disease secrete?

What does CHD cause?

Echogenic mass with defined margins

To diagnose a thrombus, how many views must you see it in?

Where do thrombus form in the heart?

When you have a anterior MI where would you find the thrombus?

Which side is more common for thrombus?

What are left thrombus generally associated with?

What is the most common site for thrombus?

What are right thrombus generally associated with?

What do you do to evaluate a thrombus in 2D?

In 2D what do you evaluate for with a thrombus?

What are the complications of a thrombus?

What is the treatment for a thrombus?