54 Using the BMI formula, when will pilots be considered overweight?
O Over 25 for men and 24 for women
O Over 26 for men and 22 for women
O 30 for men and 29 for women
O Over 30 for men and 29 for women
55 Using the BMI formula, when will pilots be considered obese?
O Over 26 for men and 29 for women
O Over 30 for men and 28 for women
O Over 32 for men and 26 for women
56 What is the weekly level of alcohol consumption that will cause physical damage?
O 21 units for men and 14 for women
O 21 units for men and 15 for women
O 24 units for men and 14 for women
O 22 units for men and 14 for women
57 At what rate does the body remove alcohol from the system?
O Approximately 1 unit an hour
O Approximately 2 units an hour
O Approximately 2,5 units an hour
O Approximately 1,5 unit an hour
58 Which is the absolute minimum time a pilot should stop drinking before flying?
O 8 hours but it depends upon the amount of alcohol that has been consumed
O 24 hours but it depends upon the amount of alcohol that has been consumed
O 12 hours but it depends upon the amount of alcohol that has been consumed
O 6 hours but it depends upon the amount of alcohol that has been consumed
59 Which of the following diseases is one of the world's biggest killer?
O Malaria
O Typhoid
O Yellow Fever
O Influenza
60 How much exercise is sufficient to reduce the risk of coronary disease?
O Raise the pulse by 100% at least 20 minutes 3 times a week
O Regular and raise the pulse by 100% for at least 20 minutes 2 times a week
O Raise the pulse by 100% at least 30 minutes 3 times a week
O Regular and raise the pulse by 100% for at least 20 minutes 3 times a week
61 What causes otic barotrauma and when is it likely to occur?
O Blockage in the Eustachian tube which is most likely to occur in the descent
O Blockage in the Eustachian tube which is most likely to occur in the climb
O Blockage in the Eustachian tube and around the eardrum which is most likely to occur in the descent
O Blockage in the Eustachian tube and around the eardrum which is most likely to occur in the climb
62 The most common cause of in flight incapacitation is:
O Gastroenteritis
O Common cold
O Heart attack
63 If a passenger of a helicopter is feeling unwell due to the rotation of the rotors causing a stroboscopic effect what is the best course of action?
O Move the passenger away from the window
O Give the passenger oxygen as soon as possible
O Land as soon as possible and seek medical assistance
O No action is necessary as the effect is not dangerous
64 If having tried all normal methods the ears cannot be cleared in flight the following action should be taken?
O Seek medical advise as soon as possible
O Descend to 10000 ft
O Ignored and it will go away
O Descend as quickly as possible to minimise pain
65 The best method for losing weight is:
O Eat Less
O Plenty of exercise
O Crash diets
O The use of appetite suppressants
66 Hypoglycemia can be caused by:
O Not eating regularly or fasting
O Too much sugar in the blood
O Excessive G forces
O Stress
67 Trace elements should be obtained from the:
O Healthy and balanced daily diet
O Use of supplementary pills
O High fibre diet
O High fibre and very low fat diet.
68 Having successfully overcome a stressful situation once, how will the person react if placed in the same or similar situation a second time?
O He/she will feel more confident and therefore stress will reduce
O He/she will know what is ahead and be already in a stressful condition thus stress will increase
O There will e little difference
O It will depend on the individual
69 How is performance effected by over and under arousal?
O It is degraded
O There is little difference
O It is improved
70 What part of the body is effected with the vibration in the 4-10 Hz frequency range?
O The chest plus there will be an abdominal pain
O The brain plus there will be a headache
O The respiration plus there will be pains in the chest
O The pulse rate
71 A comfortable temperature for most people in normal clothing is:
O 20o C
O 15o C
O 25o C
O 30o C
72 Among the 5 major guidelines to avoid stress in the cockpit and affecting safety are:
O Never give up there is always a suitable response
O Planned sleep patterns and keep it simple
O Use all crew resources and keep a good flight deck atmosphere
O Planned sleep patterns and use all crew resources
73 Most successful weapons against high stress levels are:
O Learning, experience and CRM
O Learning, experience and anticipation
O Planning, experience and self-control
O Planning, experience and CRM
74 Once the blood temperature rises above………, the Homeostatic mechanisms within the body can no longer cope:
O 41o C
O 35o C
O 50o C
O 40o C
75 A comfortable humidity for most people in normal clothing is:
O 40%-60%
O 30%-40%
O 20%-50%
O 40%-50%
76 How long will the iconic memory store information?
O 0,5-1 seconds
O 2-3 seconds
O 1-2 seconds
O 7 seconds ± 2 seconds maximum
77 How many separate items can be held in the short term memory?
O 7±2
O 9±2
O 8±2
O 6±2
78 What is the relationship between arousal and performance?
O Performance is degraded by both high and low arousal levels
O Performance is increased by both high and low arousal levels
O Performance is increased at high levels of arousal
O Performance is increased at low levels of arousal
79 If a runway slopes downwards how does this effect the pilots' approach?
O It is likely to be too high
O It is likely to be too low
O It is likely to be too fast
O It is likely to be too slow
80 If a runway slopes upwards how does this effect the pilots' approach?
81 What approach conditions cause black hole effect?
O Landing at night when there are no lights on the approach
O Landing at night with a partially lit runway
O Landing at night with the cockpit instruments turned up too high
O Landing at night in sleet or heavy rain
82 How does the black hole effect alter the pilots' judgement of the approach?
O Overestimation of height
O Underestimation of height
O Tends to make the approach much too fast
O Tends to make the approach faster than normal
83 How do misty/foggy conditions effect the pilots' judgement on the approach?
O Overestimating range due to lights appearing dim
O Underestimating range due to lights appearing dim
O Overestimating range due to illusionary effect through cockpit glass
O Underestimating range due to illusionary effect through cockpit glass
84 Refraction due to rain on the windscreen makes the approach:
O Flatter
O Steeper
O Faster
O Slower
85 Expectation can affect perception?
O True
O False
86 A visual scan should cover the sky in overlapping sectors:
O 10o
O 5o
O 15o
O 20o
87 The scanning technique should differ by day and night:
88 Α distant aircraft is identified and remains on constant relative bearing. You should?
O Take immediate avoiding action
O Wait until the aircraft appears to grow larger before taking avoiding action
O Wait 2 seconds to reidentify and then take avoiding action
89 If an illusion is known to be possible at a particular aerodrome as Captain of the aircraft you should:
O Ensure you brief the crew
O Say nothing as it might frighten the crew
O Report the fact to your Operator so that other crews are aware of the danger
90 How long is a free running circadian rhythm?
O 25 hours
O 48 hours
O 24 hours
O 29 hours
91 When is the circadian cycle of temperature at its lowest?
O 05:00
O 01:00
O 03:00
O Varies from day to day
92 What does the duration of sleep depend on:
O Timing (eg when the body temperature is falling)
O The number of hours awake prior to sleep
O The mental and physical exercise taken prior to sleep
O The quality of the REM sleep
93 How many stages are there in sleep cycle?
O 4 plus REM
O 3 plus REM
O 3 included REM
O 4 included REM
94 How long is a sleep cycle?
O 90 minutes
O 120 minutes
O 60 minutes
O 30 minutes
95 What is the function of REM sleep?
O To assist in the organisation of memory and helping to co-ordinate and assimilate new information learned
O To refresh the body and brain following physical and mental activity
O To refresh the body after exercise
O To exercise the brain so it is prepared for the next day
96 How long does it take for the circadian rhythm to resynchronise to local time after crossing time zones?
O Approximately 1 day per 1-1,5 hours of time change
O Approximately 1 day per 1-2 hours of time change
O Approximately 2 days per 1-1,5 hours of time change
O Approximately 2 days per 1-2 hours of time change
97 Does it make any difference to the circadian rhythm adjusting to time zone changes if the flight is to the West or East?
O Yes, due to the free running of the circadian rhythm tends to adjust more quickly to West bound flights
O Yes, due to the free running of the circadian rhythm tends to adjust more quickly to East bound flights
O No, it makes no difference. West or East has the same effect
O Yes, due to the free running of the circadian rhythm tends to adjust more slowly to West bound flights
98 What effect does drinking alcohol before sleep have to the sleep pattern?
O It shortens REM sleep and the length of sleep
O It lengthens REM sleep and the length of sleep
O A small amount (one beer or a small whisky) is of help to relax the body prior to sleep and thus enhances the sleep pattern
O It has not significant effect on the sleep pattern itself but does effect other systems of the body adversely
99 When suffering from sleep deprivation, will performance be further decreased by altitude?
O Yes
O No
O Sometimes
O Under certain circumstances
100 Can you fly suffering from narcolepsy?
O Under the strict supervision of an Aviation Medical Specialist
O By day only
101 The Commander is ultimately responsible for all decisions made in the cockpit:
102 A decision is "good" when:
O It can be implemented within the available time
O Time is not an issue. The decision must be correct
O Time can be an issue but the correct perception is the important factor
O When other members of the crew agree
103 Preparation is essential for good decision-making when time is an issue:
104 Press-on-tis " is a:
O Common dilemma faced by all pilots
O Is only experienced by skilled pilots
O Only happens to inexperienced pilots
O Is rarely faced by good pilots
105 The co-pilot is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the Commander's decision:
106 People tend to focus on salient cues:
