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social saved (Finished ) Quiz am Perspectives on Prejudice, erstellt von murat sertay am 15/08/2016.

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Perspectives on Prejudice

Frage 1 von 54

1

Stereotypes are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Underlying cognitive structures or schemas that shape our judgments of other people or groups

  • Overt cognitive influences or schemas that circulate around society that underestimate the processes of others

Erklärung

Frage 2 von 54

1

Stereotypes ar judgements that are used to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Make quicker decisions

  • Make slower, more methodical decisions

Erklärung

Frage 3 von 54

1

Can stereotypes be used to imply judgement?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 4 von 54

1

Katz and Brady (1933) measured the ethnic stereotypes held by a group of college undergraduates. It was replicated later by other researchers (Gilbert, 1951; Karlins, Coffman & Walters, 1969). What were they called?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Princeton Trilogy Studies

  • Penn State Trilogy Studies

  • Connecticut Symposium

Erklärung

Frage 5 von 54

1

Was the Katz and Brady (1933) longitudinal?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 6 von 54

1

The stereotypes used by the college undergraduates in the Katz and Brady (1933) study were:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Very, very broad (eg, including themselves in the stereotypes)

  • Very, very narrow (eg, African-Americans)

Erklärung

Frage 7 von 54

1

Madon (et al., 2001) found the stereotypes used in the Katz and Brady (1933) study were:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Racist

  • Outdated

  • Impossible to research into

Erklärung

Frage 8 von 54

1

Discursive research looks at how:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Our use of language contributes to constructing prejudice

  • Our use of cognition contributes to constructing prejudice

  • The use of ourselves is contributable to constructing prejudice

Erklärung

Frage 9 von 54

1

Do the findings from the Karlins, Coffman and Walters (1969), as well as the Madon (et al., 2001) studies show that stereotypes are fluid - that they change over time?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 10 von 54

1

The changes in stereotypes relate to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Individual cognitions

  • Ancestral stereotypes that are passed down

  • Socio-political events (eg, World War II, Vietnam war, Afghan war)

Erklärung

Frage 11 von 54

1

Changes in stereotypes that are influenced by socio-political events are typically about:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The majority group (eg, the government being oppressed by its people)

  • The minority group (discriminated against for no reason)

Erklärung

Frage 12 von 54

1

Do stereotypes operate on an individual level?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes, they are individual and independent cognitions

  • No, they are linked to socio-political events and circulate around society

Erklärung

Frage 13 von 54

1

Do we need ideological analysis according to Billig (1985, 2002) to analyse how stereotypes are motivated?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes, because without context there is little to use to find out causality

  • No, we don't need it

Erklärung

Frage 14 von 54

1

There are normative ideas, constructions or content that are widespread in cultures (eg, Muslims in the United States) that are used to promote particular power structures. These are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Ideologies

  • Constructions

  • Representations

Erklärung

Frage 15 von 54

1

In 1881, the ideology of the Irish people by British was that:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The Irish are backwards, uncivilised and dangerous who could harm the British empire

  • The Irish are eccentric - though still a little backwards - but better than before, and we can reform relations with them again

Erklärung

Frage 16 von 54

1

In the present, the ideology of the Irish people by the British is that:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • They are backwards, uncivilised and dangerous, and can harm the British empire

  • They are eccentric - although still a little backwards - and we can reform relations with them

Erklärung

Frage 17 von 54

1

Stereotype content research (Karlins, Coffman & Walters, 1969; Madon, et al., 2001) mentions broad features on context. But can stereotypes vary enormously between groups (eg, African Americans and Latin Americans)?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 18 von 54

1

What has more recent stereotype content focused on?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Racism

  • Gender stereotypes

  • Genetics

Erklärung

Frage 19 von 54

1

Can the constructions of prejudice, including context, also vary depending on local interactional content (eg, stereotypes) according to Billig (1985, 2002)?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 20 von 54

1

Would stereotype content between two neighbours talking across a fence be different if one of the neighbour's granddaughters - who is anti-racism - was present?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 21 von 54

1

According to Billig (1985, 2002), does the construction of prejudice differ across the same person depending on the argumentative context of which they find themselves in? For example, talking to someone who shares (eg, a family member) the same views compared to someone who might not (eg, a stranger).

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 22 von 54

1

A survey respondent who holds prejudicial constructions:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • May need to defend their views

  • May not need to defend their views because it might not be necessary

Erklärung

Frage 23 von 54

1

Two neighbours may agree with each other, therefore:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • They would have to change their prejudicial constructions

  • They would not need to change their prejudicial constructions, because there is no one to challenge them

Erklärung

Frage 24 von 54

1

Two neighbours may (or may not) need to defend their prejudiced talk if someone (eg, an anti-racist granddaughter).

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • May need to because she is anti-racist

  • May not need to, because the granddaughter might accept it as well

Erklärung

Frage 25 von 54

1

According to Billig (2002), is prejudice constructed as an individual cognitve event in the head?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 26 von 54

1

"I'm not anti them at all you know. I, if they're willing to get on and be like us; but they're just going to come here, just to be able to use our social welfares and stuff like that, then why don't they stay at home?" (Potter & Wetherell, 1987). What does this talk use?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A rationalisation

  • An explanation

  • A disclaimer

Erklärung

Frage 27 von 54

1

"I'm not a racist/sexist/homophobe, but" is ...

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • A disclaimer

  • An extinction

  • A rationalisation

Erklärung

Frage 28 von 54

1

Billig (1985, 2002) has conducted a wealth of research into claims that are treated as obvious and universally acceptable. What are they called?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Rhetorical commonplaces

  • Representational commonplaces

  • Indiscriminate commonplaces

Erklärung

Frage 29 von 54

1

An example of Billig's assertions of universally acceptable claims is politicians that say:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • "National interest"

  • "National rhetoric"

  • "National divide"

Erklärung

Frage 30 von 54

1

Billig (1991) noted an article by National Front that said: "Dare we say it - it is they, not we, who are prejudiced?". First, it tries to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Defend against accusations of prejudice

  • Support accusations of prejudice

Erklärung

Frage 31 von 54

1

Billig (1991) noted an article by National Front that said: "Dare we say it - it is they, not we, who are prejudiced?". Second, it tries to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Accuse themselves of prejudice

  • Accuse others of prejudice

Erklärung

Frage 32 von 54

1

Irish gay rights activist and drag queen Fanti was threatened with legal action in 2014 for calling anti-gay marriage activists "homophobic". What is this?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • An example of prejudiced constructions being defended by accusing others

  • An example of prejudiced constructions being supported by accusing oneself

Erklärung

Frage 33 von 54

1

Has the discursive approach into stereotypes used enough interactional sequential context?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 34 von 54

1

Conversation analysis removes the interactional and sequential context in prejudice research and looks at standalone talk. According to Condor (et al., 2006), do we need sequential context?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes, because we can then avoid making misplaced suppositions about what the prejudiced talk is actually being used to do

  • No, because standalone talk is fine enough

Erklärung

Frage 35 von 54

1

In the Condor (et al., 2006), Mrs. A's right to carry on speaking on the topic is because:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • No one challenges her on her prejudicial talk

  • She is still talking, so it's considered rude

Erklärung

Frage 36 von 54

1

How is the potential competitive or challenging talk from Mr. B welcomed by Mrs. A in the Condor (et al., 2006) study?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Unwelcoming, a disturbance

  • Welcomed, because it offers a debate

Erklärung

Frage 37 von 54

1

Is it easy or difficult to obtain authentic recorded examples of prejudice conversations in everyday talk?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Easy, because it's all around us

  • Hard, because there are ethical boundaries

Erklärung

Frage 38 von 54

1

We can only obtain:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Nuanced and unexpected findings regarding prejudiced talk in interaction from everyday talk

  • Research from interviews where everyday talk will have elements of prejudice

Erklärung

Frage 39 von 54

1

In the Condor (et al., 2006) study, is Cliff - the researcher - still part of the study? Do participants still respond to him and his actions (including silence) in the talk?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 40 von 54

1

Do we need more data of prejudiced talk in everyday interactions?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes, so that participants talk like they would regardless of whether research is involved

  • No, because inauthentic research can be just as productive

Erklärung

Frage 41 von 54

1

From a cognitive social psychology perspective, does discursive research sufficiently articulate the cognitive processes and causes relate to prejudice?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 42 von 54

1

The findings from the discursive approach inform what type of psychology about research into prejudice? For example, how prejudice talk treats itself as a potentially sanctionable activity, how prejudiced talk constructs versions of the denigrated other, and how prejudiced talk is produced collaboratively).

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Cognitive social psychology

  • Cognitive behavioural psychology

  • Biology

Erklärung

Frage 43 von 54

1

According to Billig (2002), is the hatred separate from the discourse?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • No, because you need to believe it and to utter sorts of particular things about others

  • Yes, because they are separate

Erklärung

Frage 44 von 54

1

According to Allport (1954), intergroup conflict under the right conditions would:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Heighten intergroup hostility and lead to more negative intergroup attitudes

  • Lessen intergroup hostility and lead to more positive intergroup attitudes

Erklärung

Frage 45 von 54

1

Pettigrew and Troop (2006) in their meta-analysis found that intergroup contact generally:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Reduces prejudice

  • Heightens prejudice

Erklärung

Frage 46 von 54

1

Does the contact theory generalise characteristics of one group member to an entire population of the said group?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 47 von 54

1

Can the contact theory be extended broadly (eg, racial groups, ethnic groups)?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 48 von 54

1

Brown and Hewstone (2005) found intergroup contact to be the most successful when:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Group memberships are explicit and well-known

  • Group memberships are salient

Erklärung

Frage 49 von 54

1

Brown and Hewstone (2005) found that the potential for interpersonal relationships is high when:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Group membership is salient

  • Group membership is overt and well-known

Erklärung

Frage 50 von 54

1

According to Pettigrew and Troop (2006) can prejudice be reduced through vicarious experiences (eg, through friends and family) and no contact with outgroup members occurs?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

Frage 51 von 54

1

Crisp and Turner (2009) found that "positively toned imagined contact"

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Deteriorated outgroup attitudes, increased stereotyping, intergroup anxiety, and was far too complex

  • Improved outgroup attitudes, reduced stereotyping, as well as intergroup anxiety by being simple and effective

Erklärung

Frage 52 von 54

1

Are there demand characteristics in the Crisp and Turner (2009) research?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No, because it reduces implicit attitudes as well

Erklärung

Frage 53 von 54

1

Is there stereotype priming in the Crisp and Turner (2009) research?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • No

  • Yes, but a control group were primed did not show similar effects

Erklärung

Frage 54 von 54

1

Can Fanti the gay rights activist live with Mary in Wicklow?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Yes

  • No

Erklärung

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