Book 2 Glossary

activators

aggregation

alternative splicing

aminoacyl synthases

anaphase A

anaphase B

anaphase promoting complex (APC)

anaphase

aneuploid

ARS elements

astral microtubules

attenuation

sheet DNA binding domains

Barr body

base excision repair

binary fission

-35 box

branch migration

calreticulin

5' cap

CCAAT box

centriole

centrosome

centrosome matrix

checkpoints

class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

cohesins

condensins

congression

consensus sequence

contractile ring

coordinated synthesis

copy repair

core histone octamer

co-translational folding

co-translational localization

cyclins

cyclin kinase inhibitors (CKIs)

cyclin-Cdk complex

cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks)

cytokinesis

differential splicing

DNA helicase

DNA polymerases

DNA primase

dyneins

elongation factor (EF)

enhancers

epigenetic

euchromatin

exosome

extrachromosomal replication

frameshift mutation

halt signal sequence

helix-loop-helix (HLH)

hemi-methylated

heterochromatin

Holliday structure

homeotic genes

homologous recombination

importin A

importin B

initiator tRNA (tRNAi)

insulator element

internal ribosome entry site (IRES)

interphase

interpolar microtubules

kinesin

kinetochore microtubules

kinetochore

knock-in

knock-out

Kozak sequence

lagging strand

lectins

leading strand

M phase promoting factor (MPF)

m7G cap

metaphase

metaphase plate

microtubule organizing centre (MTOC)

mismatch repair

mitotic arrest

mitotic spindle

nonsense-mediated decay (NMD)

'non-stop' decay

nuclear envelope (NE)

nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD)

nuclear export signal (NES)

nuclear lamins

nuclear lamina

nuclear localization signal (NLS)

nuclear pore complexes (NPCs)

nucleotide excision repair (NER)

Okazaki fragments

open reading frame (ORF)

operator

operon

origin recognition complex (ORC)

origins of replication

persistent chromatin remodelling

phragmoplast

plastids

plastid dividing ring

poly(A) binding protein (PABP)

polyadenylation signal sequence

polycistronic mRNA

polyploidy

polysomes

position-effect variegation (PEV)

pre-mRNA

pre-prophase band

pre-replication complex

Pribnow box

prophase

protein truncation assay

proteasome

pseudogene

pulsed labelling

quantitative PCR

Rb (retinoblastoma protein)

rDNA cluster

recombination

recombinational repair

replication origins

replicons

repressors

restriction point

retro-elements

reverse transcriptases

Rho-dependent termination

Rho-independent termination

RNA interference (RNAi)

rough ER

scaffold attachment regions (SARs)

scanning

secretory pathway

securin

separase

Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence

silencers

sister chromatid

site-specific recombination

small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)

somatic pairing

splice site consensus sequence

spliceosome

splicing

START

syncytium

TATA box

telophase

template strand

termination factors (TFs)

TOM-TIM complex

transcription-coupled repair

transvection

tRNA charging

?-tubulin ring complexes (?-TuRCs)

ubiquitin

ubiquitin ligases

ubiquitin-mediated pathway

untranslated regions (UTRs)

wobble

X inactivation centre (XIC)