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MCQ on Analysis of Variance

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General ANOVA

Frage 1 von 31

1

For an experiment comparing more than two treatment conditions you should use analysis of variance rather than separate t-tests because:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • You are less likely to make a mistake in the computations of ANOVA

  • A test based on variance is more sensitive than a test based on means

  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type I error because several means are compared in one test

  • ANOVA has less risk of a Type II error because several means are compared in one test

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Frage 2 von 31

1

The null hypothesis for an ANOVA states that

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • There are no differences between any of the population means

  • At least one of the population means is different from the others

  • All the population means are different from each other

  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

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Frage 3 von 31

1

When the null hypothesis is true for ANOVA, what is the expected value for the F-ratio?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 0

  • 1.00

  • k-1

  • N-k

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Frage 4 von 31

1

In analysis of variance, the F-ratio is a ratio of:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Two (or more) sample means

  • Two variances

  • Sample means divided by sample variances

  • None of the other 3 choices are correct

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Frage 5 von 31

1

In an ANOVA, which of the following is most likely to produce a large value for he F-ratio?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Large mean differences and small sample variances

  • Large mean differences and large sample variances

  • Small mean differences and small sample variances

  • Small mean differences and large sample variances

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Frage 6 von 31

1

For an independent-measures experiment comparing two treatment conditions with a sample of n= 10 in each treatment, the F-ratio would have to have df equal to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 18

  • 19

  • 1, 18

  • 1, 19

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Frage 7 von 31

1

A researcher uses analysis of variance to test for mean differences among four treatments with a sample of n=6 in each treatment. The F-ratio for this analysis would have what df values?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • df= 3,5

  • df= 3,15

  • df= 3,20

  • df= 4, 24

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Frage 8 von 31

1

A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many treatment conditions were compared in this experiment?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 3

  • 4

  • 36

  • 39

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Frage 9 von 31

1

A researcher reports an F-ratio with df= 3,36 for an independent-measures experiment. How many individual subjects participated in the experiment?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 36

  • 39

  • 40

  • Cannot be determined from the information given

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Frage 10 von 31

1

A factor experiment means that the experimental design includes:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Two independent variables

  • Two dependent variables

  • An interaction between the independent and the dependent variable

  • Exactly two separate groups of subjects

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Frage 11 von 31

1

In a two-factor analysis of variance a main effect is defined as:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The mean differences among the levels of one factor

  • The mean differences among all treatment conditions

  • The mean differences between the two factors

  • The difference between the largest treatment mean and the smallest treatment mean

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Frage 12 von 31

1

The results from a 2-way ANOVA show that both main effects are significant. We can conclude:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • That the interaction also must be significant

  • That the interaction cannot be significant

  • There must be an interaction but it may not be statistically significant

  • You can make no conclusions about the significance of the interaction

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Frage 13 von 31

1

Prior to introducing a new cake mix to the public, a food company wishes to determine the combination of baking temperature and baking time that will result in the best tasting cake. In their experiment, cakes made from the new cake mix are baked at 325 degrees F, 350 degrees F, and 400 degrees F for 50 minutes, 60 minutes, 70 minutes and 80 minutes. Taste is rated for each combination of baking temperature and baking time. How many treatments are in the experiment?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 12

  • 3

  • 4

  • 7

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Frage 14 von 31

1

In two way ANOVA what should you always look at first?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The significance of factor 1

  • The significance of factor 2

  • The interaction between factors 1 and 2

  • None of the above

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Frage 15 von 31

1

To test for an interaction effect the statistic should be:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • One way ANOVA

  • Two way ANOVA

  • Two way chi-squared

  • None of the above

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Frage 16 von 31

1

A researcher wants to test the differences between three treatment conditions (cognitive-behavioural therapy, aversion therapy and behavioural therapy) by assigning individuals randomly to one of the three conditions. The researcher would need to perform which of the following tests to analyse the results?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Repeated measures ANOVA

  • Fisher's exact probability test

  • One-way between groups ANOVA

  • Pearsons r

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Frage 17 von 31

1

THe one way ANOVA is used to test hypothesis concerning:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Means tests

  • Standard deviation

  • Mean squares

  • Variance

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Frage 18 von 31

1

ANOVA assumes that the data to be analysed:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Has a normal distribution

  • That the data is interval

  • The variances in the groups are similar

  • All of the above

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Frage 19 von 31

1

One way ANOVA should be used when:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • We want to compare the means of 1 variable from 2 groups

  • We want to compare the means of 2 variables within 2 groups

  • We want to compare 1 variable from more than 2 groups

  • None of these options are correction

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Frage 20 von 31

1

Which of the following is incorrect in relation to ANOVA:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • ANOVA is relatively robust to small numbers of participants

  • ANOVA is relatively robust to unequal numbers of scores in different conditions

  • ANOVA relatively robust to skewed data

  • All of the above

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Frage 21 von 31

1

ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Sampling

  • Homogeneity of variance

  • Normal distributions

  • The IV

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Frage 22 von 31

1

ANOVA evaluates how likely it is that any differences in conditions is due to:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Sampling

  • Homogeneity of variance

  • Normal distributions

  • The IV

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Frage 23 von 31

1

In a study which investigates the differences in contents among 3 different brands of cigarettes an ANOVA was performed which yielded a small p value. Which of the following is correct:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Because the p value is small there is evidence that all the brands differ from each other in the mean amount of tar present.

  • Because the p value is small, there is no evidence than any of the brands differ in the mean tar content from the other brands.

  • Because the p value us small, there is evidence that at least one brand has a different mean tar content from the other brands.

  • Because the p value is small, there is evidence that all brands have the same men tar content.

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Frage 24 von 31

1

A large F ratio means:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • more likelihood the variance is causes by the IV

  • Less likelihood the variance is caused by the IV

  • The sample size used was small

  • The error variance was larger than the IV variance

  • B and D

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Frage 25 von 31

1

For ANOVA the null hypothesis states:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • For the individuals in the sample there is no consistent difference between treatments

  • For the individuals in the population there is no consistent difference between the treatments

  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between the treatments

  • For the individuals in the sample there is a consistent difference between treatments

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Frage 26 von 31

1

If the null hypothesis is true you expect:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • F to have a value closer to 1

  • F to have a value closer to 0

  • p to have a value > .05

  • p to have a value < .05

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Frage 27 von 31

1

The degrees of freedom for the F test in a one way ANOVA are:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • (n-c) and (c-1)

  • (c-1) and (n-c)

  • (c-n) and (n-1)

  • (n-1) and (c-n)

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Frage 28 von 31

1

In a one way ANOVA:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • An interaction is present

  • An interaction can be tested

  • There is no interaction

  • None of the above

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Frage 29 von 31

1

When carrying out an analysis, if the variance due to the IV is greater than the error variance, what does this mean?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • An error in calculation was made

  • There should have been additional controls in the experiment

  • That there is a consistent difference between treatments

  • That there is no consistent difference between treatments

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Frage 30 von 31

1

What do we call the overall effect of an IV on a DV:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Main effect

  • Indirect effect

  • Interaction effect

  • Direct effect

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Frage 31 von 31

1

When the between-groups variance is a lot larger than the within-groups varience, the F-value is _____ and the likelihood of such a result occurring by sampling error _____.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Large, decreases

  • Small, decreases

  • Large, increases

  • Small, increases

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