The basic unit of matter is called an
What subatomic particles make up atoms?
Isotopes
Protons
Particles
Neutrons
Molecules
Electrons
PROTONS determine an element's...
Atomic mass
Atomic number
Number on the periodic table
Atomic weight
Nucleus's Charge
Isotopes are...
Atoms of a DIFFERENT element that have the SAME number of neutrons they contain
ATOMS of a DIFFERENT element that have DIFFERENT number of neutrons
Atoms of the SAME element that DIFFER in the number of neutrons the contain
Atoms of the SAME element that have the SAME number of neutrons
Where in an atom do PROTONS and NEUTRONS lie?
Orbit
Nucleus
Outside of the atom's orbit
Close to the circumference of the nuclues
All atoms of the same element have the same number of...
What subatomic particle determines what the element is?
ELECTRONS orbit around the nucleus of an atom.
What is the weakest type of chemical bond?
Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
What element forms chemical bonds?
Oxygen
Carbon
Helium
COVALENT BONDS are formed when...
Electrons in an atom are transferred to another atom
Electrons in an atom are shared
Electrons in an atom bond with the atom's neutrons
Electrons travel between the nuclei of both atoms
IONIC BONDS are formed when...
Electrons are “stolen” from one atom and taken to the next
Electrons are shared between atoms
Some of the atom's electrons are transferred to another atom
Another atom destroys its own protons to weaken its bond
The number of NEUTRONS and ELECTRONS in an atom are usually always the same.
How many types of substances make a CHEMICAL ELEMENT?
1
2
3
4
Why are atoms NEUTRAL despite having charged particles?
Same amount of PROTONS and ELECTRONS balance out the charge in an atom
Same amount of PROTONS and NEUTRONS balance out the charge in an atom
Different amounts of PROTONS and ELECTRONS maintain stability in an atom
Different amounts of ELECTRONS and NEUTRONS balance out the charges in an atom
How are isotopes identified?
Atomic balance
Atomic neutrality
Atomic mass number weight( mass, number, weight ) is the measured weighted divided( measured, weighted, divided ) average of the masses of an element's electrons neutrons protons isotopes( electrons, neutrons, protons, isotopes )
WEIGHTED in Biology/Chemistry/Physics means the abundance lack( abundance, lack ) of each isotope Electron Proton Neutron( isotope, Electron, Proton, Neutron ) in nature similarities differences( nature, similarities, differences ) is considered when the average is calculated
Why do all isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties?
Because they have DIFFERENT numbers of PROTONS
Because they have ALMOST EQUAL amounts of MOLECULES
Because they have DIFFERENT numbers of NEUTRONS
Because they SHARE the same number of ELECTRONS
A chemical compound is formed when 0-1 1-2 2+ 2-3( 0-1, 1-2, 2+, 2-3 ) elements are combined chemically
The formula for table salt is SmCl SoCl NaCl SiCl( SmCl, SoCl, NaCl, SiCl )
Sodium is a gas metal( gas, metal ) and chloride is a gas metal( gas, metal ).
An ion is an atom that is...
Negatively charged
Positively charged
Neutrally charged
An atom that loses electrons has a negative charge.
A single triple double( single, triple, double ) covalent ionic( covalent, ionic ) bond is formed when two six four( two, six, four ) electrons are shared.
In a hydrogen water( hydrogen, water ) molecule, each hydrogen carbon( hydrogen, carbon ) atom forms a single double( single, double ) covalent bond.
The slight attractions that develop between oppositely charged region of nearby particles are called
Acidic solutions are that form in solution.
Water molecules are polar because of uneven equal( uneven, equal ) distribution between outside of around( between, outside of, around ) their two poles (the positive negative( positive, negative ) attracts oxygen hydrogen( oxygen, hydrogen ) and the positive attracts oxygen hydrogen( oxygen, hydrogen ) atoms).
Substances that combine physically form , while substances that combine chemically form .
Acidic solutions have lesser concentrations of H+ ions than pure water.
Basic solutions produce...
OH- (hydroxide) ions
Small amounts of H+ ions
O- ions
HO- ions
solutions have pH levels below , and even from to .
The polar, neutral WATER molecule has an equal amount of protons and electrons, each.
The attraction between the hydrogen atom on molecule and the atom on another water molecule is an example.
The two forms of attraction are hesion and hesion.
An evenly (molecule) mixed mixture is called a .
The greatest solvent in the world is .
Suspension is mixtures of...
Water and dissolved material
Water and undissolved material
Water and partly dissolved material
The solute the substance that is dissolved in the solution.
The pH scale indicates the concentration of in a .
A solution with a pH of 4 has , while one with a pH of 5 has ,
Basic solutions have pH levels er than , and especially from to .
Buffers are that can react with to prevent , changes in pH.
Carbohydrates contain the following atoms...
Single sugar molecules are also called
Some monosaccarides are...
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Glycogen
Some polysaccarides are...
Starch
Cellulose
What are the main functions of carbohydrates?
As an energy suppliant
To store starch
For strength and rigidity in an animal/plant
What atoms are lipids made of?
THe three categories of lipids are...
Saturated
Unsaturated
Monosaturated
Polyunsaturated
When glycerol is combined with a lipid is formed.
SATURATED LIPIDS contain one carbon bond, UNSATURATED LIPIDS contain 1+ carbon bonds, while POLYUNSATURATED LIPIDS contain 2+ carbon bonds
Nucleic acids contain what type of atoms
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Phosporous
are the monomers of nucleic acids.
Nucleic acids are composed of a sugar, a , and a base.
Nucleic acids keep genetic information and transport energy.
RNA ( acid) is made out of sugar and DNA ( acid) is made out of sugar.
Proteins are composed of the atoms...
Phosphorous
The monomers of protein are...
Carbon bonds
Amino acids
Protein
Protein acids
Proteins 1)Control the rate of reactions 2)Regulate cell processes 3)Form cell membranes 4)Transport substances in or out of cells 5)Work with the immune system
Valence electrons have or and determine on the of the atom.
