A2 AQA Chemistry full course

hello

Rate = k[C][D]^d

(rate equations)
k only changes as what changes?
concentration?
pressure?
temperature?
molarity?

You'll be asked to use graphs to deduce order of reaction of a reagent.
there are two main types:
Rate/[conc.] and [conc.]/time

turn over plz.

Rate equation contains reactants which are present in (slowest) rate limiting step.
(recall mechanisms and how improbable they can be)

Each temperature has it's very own Kc,which must stay constant for the given temperature no matter what.

what affects Kc?

catalyst?
amount of products?
temperature?
pressure?
nothing?

Kp is used for gas systems.
you can't use concentrations for gases easily, so partial pressure is used instead.
what's the equation of Kp then?

Partial pressure of [A] is equivalent to fraction of total pressure which A is responsible for.
{(Total pressure)x(Mol(A)/total.Mol)}

Brønsted–Lowry theory

acid is anything that gives out H+
base is anything that accepts H+

pH (Power of hydrogen [H+]x10^pH)

-log[H+] = pH

what's the pH of the following [H+] concentrations?
0.000001
0.00001
0.001
0.1
1.0
10.0 .

temprf

The last peak in TOF Spectrometer of a molecule shows what?

You'll need to know the reactions of Nitrotuolene. This is mostly for organic reactions section, but it is a common conversion.

Get to know Organic reactions, make reactants your friends, and you'll ace organic test questions.

I hope you remember ∆H
you'll need some strength if you don't.

Define ∆Hf

∆H -general change of energy stored in bonds
∆Hc - when 1mol of [x] is completely burnt in excess O2
∆Hf - when 1mol of [x] is made from its elements in their standard states
∆Hat - when 1 mol standard state [x] is converted to 1mol geseous [x]
∆Hd - when 1mol worth of covalent bonds is broken