The more common term for deglutition is
chewing
swallowing
mechanical digestion
vomiting
Which of the following organs has a mucosal layer that is composed of columnar epithelium with a brush border of microvilli to enhance absorption?
Esophagus
Large intestine
Small intestine
Stomach
As the food in the stomach is repeatedly squeezed and mixed with gastric juices, it is converted into a semifluid material called:
bolus
bile
feces
chyme
Hydrochloric acid is released from cells in the:
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
All of the above
The greatest proportion of the tooth shell consists of
enamel
dentin
gingivae
cementum
The flap of tissue suspended from the midpoint of the posterior border of the soft palate is the
fauces
frenulum
uvula
gingiva
Which of the following stomach cell types is not correctly matched with its function
mucus cells produce mucus
parietal cells produce hydrochloric acid
chief cells produce pepsinogen
endocrine cells produce intrinsic factor
Bile component essential for emulsification
bile salts
bile pigments
bilirubin
all of these
The disaccharide maltose is made up of
Glucose and glucose
Glucose and fructose
Glucose and galactose
None of the above
Bile contains all the following substances except:
lecithin
amylase
Triglyceride is also known as:
sugar
polysaccharide
protein
fat
The last function of the digestive system is:
elimination
absorption
motility
secretion
Decreased levels of bile salts in bile would interfere with digestion of:
disaccharide
complex carbohydrate
Cellulose often remains undigested. It belongs to this group :
carbohydrates
meat proteins
undigested fats
undigested connective tissue
The process of fat emulsification consists of
chemically breaking down fat molecules
the secretion of digestive juices for fat digestion
absorption of fats
breaking fats into small droplets
Pancreatic juice contains which of the following:
trypsin
peptidase
lipase
all of the above
Receives food directly from the oral cavity?
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
esophagus
Which of the following organs is part of the GI tract:
teeth
salivary gland
liver
gall bladder
Which of the following is not an anatomical part of the small intestine?
Duodenum
Cecum
Ileum
Jejunum
Which structure helps anchor the tongue to the floor of the mouth?
Philtrum
Plica fimbriata
Lingual frenulum
Fauces
An incision into the wall of the GI tract would cut, in order, from outside to inside:
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa
serosa, submucosa, muscularis, and mucosa
serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa
muscularis, submucosa, mucosa, and serosa
The hard palate consists of portions of
four bones: three maxillae and one palatine
two bones: one maxillae and one palatine
four bones: two maxillae and two palatines
two bones: two palatines
Which of the following is true about the main organs of the digestive system?
They are involved in chemical digestion only, not mechanical digestion.
They do not produce the enzymes used in digestion; enzymes are produced by associate organs.
They form a tube through the body called the alimentary canal.
All of the above are true of the main organs of digestion.
The first phase of deglutition or swallowing occurs in the:
pharynx
larynx
oral cavity
The gastric phase of gastric juice secretion is triggered by
sight, thought, smell of food
entry of protein rich foods into stomach
entry of chyme into small intestine
entry of chyme into large intestine
Digestion uses the following methods in this order to accomplish its function.
Ingestion, absorption, secretion
Ingestion, secretion, absorption
Absorption, secretion, ingestion
Absorption, ingestion, secretion
Which of the following protein-digesting enzymes is made in the stomach?
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Pepsin
Peptidase
Mechanical digestion:
peristalsis
segmentation
Gastric juice contains all the following substances except:
intrinsic factor
enterokinase.
hydrochloric acid
pepsin
The contents of the stomach are emptied into the:
duodenum
ileum.
jejunum
cecum
Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed:
mucosa
muscularis
submucosa
serosa
The cardiac sphincter controls the flow of food into:
Which of the following is true about bile?
It is made in the gallbladder, stored in the gallbladder, and emptied into the duodenum.
It is made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and emptied into the stomach.
It is made in the gallbladder, stored in the liver, and emptied into the jejunum.
It is made in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and emptied into the duodenum.
Which of the following organs is classified as a dual gland (both exocrine and endocrine)?
Gallbladder
Liver
Pancreas
both Gallbladder and Pancreas
Which of the following is not a digestive enzyme for lipids?
Bile
Lipase
Phospholipase
All of the above are digestive enzymes for lipids.
This monosaccharide is found in all three of the most common disaccharides.
Fructose
Glucose
Galactose
Levulose
Polysaccharides are hydrolyzed by enzymes known as:
proteases
maltase
Digestion of protein begins in the
mouth
The largest gland in the body?
pituitary
thyroid
thymus
Which of the following is not a function of the stomach?
It. serves as a reservoir for storage of food
It destroys pathogenic bacteria
It begins the absorption of proteins
All of the above are functions of the stomach.
A permanent set of teeth normally consists of 32 26 30 36( 32, 26, 30, 36 ) teeth.
Which of the following is not a division of the stomach?
Rugae
Body
Pylorus
Fundus
Beginning with the largest structure which of the following is a correct description of the small intestine's adaptation for absorption?
villi, microvilli, plicae
plicae, villi, microvilli
microvilli,villi, plicae
microvilli, plicae, villi
A blockage of the ducts from the parotid glands would result in:
increased secretion of saliva
interference in carbohydrate digestion in mouth
elimination of sense of taste
elimination of sense of smell
The disaccharide lactose is made up of which two monosaccharides?
Chemical digestion:
enzymatic hydrolysis
An enzyme that will digest proteins into peptides:
nuclease
The disaccharide sucrose is made up of which two monosaccharides?
Which phase(s) of gastric secretion is/are stimulated by the sight, taste, and smell of food?
Intestinal phase
Cephalic phase
Gastric phase
Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest?
Which of the following is not associated with the large intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
Appendix
Transverse colon
Which of the following statements is true?
The cystic duct and the pancreatic duct join to form the common bile duct.
The common bile duct is formed by the joining of the cystic duct from the liver and the hepatic duct from the gallbladder.
The pancreatic duct and the hepatic duct join to form the common bile duct.
None of the above is true.
In the stomach, hydrochloric acid is secreted by the:
a. chief cells
b. parietal cells
c. lymph nodules
d. Both A and B
The brush border of the intestinal mucosa consists of:
hair cells
villi
cilia
microvilli
Segmentation is different from peristalsis because:
segmentation only occurs in the stomach
it is a type of mechanical digestion
it does not move food through the digestive tract
There is no difference between segmentation and peristalsis
Which of the following is not digested prior to absorption
water
mineral
glucose
fatty acid
An end-product of fat digestion is:
glycerol
glycogen
galactose
The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called:
rugae
papillae
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
Production of bile
Secretion of insulin
Storage of iron and vitamins
Glycogen synthesis
Which one of the following is a function of the digestive system:
absorption of nutrients
food ingestion
elimination of undigested food
Proteins are broken down into peptides by enzymes in:
a. gastric juices
b. pancreatic juices
c. intestinal secretions
d. both A and B
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the:
ileum
A major final product of carbohydrate digestion:
sucrose
lactose
maltose
Which of these is not an example of mechanical digestion?
Moistening the food
Changing food from large to small particles
Propelling food through the digestive tract
All of the above are examples of mechanical digestion.
Which of the following is Not an accessory organ of the digestive system?
pancreas
The enzyme pepsin begins the digestion of:
The oral fissure divides the:
upper lip from the lower lip
cheek muscle from the teeth
right and left sides of the palate
right side of the tongue from the left side of the tongue