According to the multistore model, what is the format of info in STM?
Visual
Pictorial
Acoustic
Olfactory
According to the multistore model, what is the duration of STM (for information not in current use)?
30 seconds
10 seconds
3 minutes
7 minutes
Who proposed the Working Memory Model?
Bandura and Hitch
Baddeley and Hitch
Baddeley and Buchanan
Baddiel and Skinner
Which of the following is NOT part of the Working Memory Model?
Phonological loop
Long-term memory
Visuospatial sketchpad
Central executive
I am internally memorising a list of words. Which part of the working memory is being used?
According to the multistore model, what is the possible duration and capacity of LTM?
Permanent and Infinite
Permanent and 7 +/- 2
Thirty minutes and infinite
Three weeks and 47 chunks
What type of memory is being used when you recall a word after you have actively memorised it?
Implicit
Explicit
Sensory
None of the above
What type of memory is being used when you purchase a certain brand of chocolate as a result of seeing an advertisement, even though you cannot recall the actual advert?
What is NOT true of episodic memory?
It is also known as autobiographical memory
It is abstract and not temporally organised
It involves personal recollections
It is illustrated in the case of Dr S
What type of memory is being used when you ride a bike?
Declarative
Procedural
Which of the following are MOST likely to be forgotten?
Declarative memories
Procedural memories
Implicit memories
Memories for skills
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven sins of memory?
Persistence
Absent-mindedness
Bias
Binding
What does the forgetting curve suggest about FORGETTING?
More rehearsal results in more learning
Forgetting was stable over time
Forgetting was initially rapid but then slowed down
Forgetting was initially slow but then speeded up
What is the Decay Theory of Forgetting?
Memory trace is present but cannot be accessed
Memory trace fades over time
Memory trace is damaged and discarded
Memory trace is altered by other information
What is the Retrieval Failure Theory of Forgetting?
Who proposed the Levels of Processing Model?
Eysenck and Keane
Craik and Tulving
Craik and Lockhart
Ant and Dec
What level of processing would the following question encourage? “What word rhymes with tree?”
Structural
Phonological
Semantic
Recall may be improved if the person is in the same environment as they were when they learnt the info. What type of memory is this?
Cue-dependent
Context-dependent
Mood-dependent
State-dependent
Recall may be improved if the person is in the same mental condition as they were when they learnt the info. What type of memory is this?
How could we help victims of crime recall the incident?
Re-create the incident exactly
Ask them lots of questions
Take them back to the crime scene
Ask them to avoid the crime scene
Which of the following is NOT a sin of Commission?
Blocking
Misattribution
Suggestion
Sue recognises a face, but is unsure where she met that person before. What sin is she committing?
Misattribution of current sensations onto the past can explain…
deja vu
the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
the sin of bias
source confusion
The Sin of Bias is associated with what type of processing?
Bottom-up
Top-down
Deep
Shallow
My mum tells me that I fell over in a paddling pool when I was three, and I can later vividly recall this incident. What sin might I be committing?
Which of the following are likely to support the creation of a false memory?
Witness was highly stressed during the event
Witness held expectations about the event that did not match the actual event
Witness is asked leading questions
All of the above will encourage false memories
What did the Devlin Committee recommend?
Juries should not convict on the basis of eyewitness testimony alone
Juries should always convict if there is an eyewitness testimony
Juries should ignore eyewitness testimony
Juries should never convict if there is an eyewitness testimony
Why do leading questions affect eyewitness testimony?
Because memory is context-dependent
Because memory is reconstructed to fit with our prior knowledge
Because memory is altered in accordance with information provided during recall
Because memory is focused on details
Why do expectations affect eyewitness testimony?
Yuille and Cutshall (1986) interviewed witnesses to an armed robbery approximately five months after the event. What did they find?
Recall was extremely poor
Recall was extremely accurate
Recall changed over time
Recall remained the same over time
