The issue of religious toleration figured prominently in the founding of colonies by all of the following EXCEPT
James Oglethorpe
Cecil Calvert
Anne Hutchinson
William Penn
Roger Williams
Which of the following accurately describes a problem faced by Virginia in the last decades of the 17th century?
a decline in tobacco production
frequent slave uprisings
the lowering of wages caused by the influx of immigrants
political control by small farmers in the House of Burgesses
conflict between large plantation owners and settlers on Virginia's western frontier
Which of the following documents would be most useful in examining the origins of constitutional government in colonial America?
the sermons of Puritan ministers
newspaper commentary on the Halfway Covenant
the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
political tracts concerning the Dominion of New England
the correspondence of Sir Edmond Andros
"Puritan intolerance of dissent led to the founding of a number of new colonies." The founding of which of the following does NOT support this statement?
Providence
Portsmouth (Rhode Island)
Hartford
New Hampshire
New Haven
Roger Williams differed from other Puritan ministers in his emphasis on
the study of the Bible
the value of consensus in church meetings
nonviolence
the individual's private religious conscious
the supreme authority of church leaders
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the formation of the New England Confederation?
the problem of defending against Indian attacks
conflicts over colonial boundaries
concern about runaway servants
neglect by the English government
a desire to suppress religious dissent
The chief purpose of mercantilist policies was to
help colonies be self-sufficient
strengthen the economy and power of the mother country
defend the colonies from rival powers
maintain tight control over the tobacco industry
foster stable relations between the Crown and the colonies
The acts of trade and navigation had all of the following consequences in the colonies EXCEPT
Colonial manufacturing was limited.
Colonial economies were regulated from London.
Low prices were charged for English imports.
Smuggling became a common practice.
New England shipbuilding prospered.
William Penn's "Holy Experiment" included all of the following ideas EXCEPT
the Bible as a religious authority for all
fair treatment of Native Americans
a refuge for Quakers
religious toleration
In the mid-18th century, all of the following were generally true about slavery in the British colonies EXCEPT
Planters thought it provided a more dependable labor supply than other options.
There were more slaves than indentured servants in the southern colonies.
It was strongly opposed in New England.
Slaves accounted for about half the population in Virginia.
Colonial laws gave slavery a permanent legal status.
The Great Awakening was a reaction to
the flood of immigrants
established churches in many of the colonies
churches' earlier failure to take account of people's emotional needs
guilt over the evils of slavery
the overly strict teachings of the Church of England
Preachers of the Great Awakening focused on the importance of
the consequences of leading a sinful life
the sovereignty and power of God
repenting of one's sins in order to be saved from eternal damnation
looking to the Bible as the final source of authority
all of the above
The Great Awakening had all of the following consequences EXCEPT
reduced competition among Protestant sects
decline in the authority of Protestant ministers
a belief that common people could make their own decisions
increased emotionalism in church services
a feeling of shared experience among colonists in different regions and of different national origins.
Which of the following is true of immigration to the colonies during the first half of the 18th century?
Most immigrants settled to New England.
Most immigrants came from continental Europe.
A sizable minority of immigrants had no freedom of choice in coming to the colonies.
The English government tried to discourage immigration.
Most immigrants worked for low wages in cities along the eastern seaboard.
In the 18th century, all of the following were generally true about colonial society in America EXCEPT
The English language and English traditions were dominant.
There were few poor people and no real aristocrats.
Voters played an active role in government.
It was impossible for individuals to better themselves economically or socially.
A degree of religious toleration could be found in each colony.
At his trial, John Peter Zenger won acquittal on the grounds that
the king had less authority in the colonies than in England
English law permitted the press almost total freedom
libel laws did not apply to government officials
New York's governor deserved to be criticized
truth could not be libel
Which of the following did the colonies lack?
an adequate monetary system
good harbors and rivers for transportation
the ability to import goods from England
an adequate supply of slave labor
sufficient markets for colonial timber and naval stores
Which of the following statements accurately describes the governments of ALL 13 colonies in the mid-18th century?
The governor was appointed by the king.
Members of the governor's council were elected.
The government assisted an established church.
One house of the legislature was elected by eligible voters.
The governor had nearly dictatorial power.
"Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the multitalented colonial American." Each of the following could be used to support this statement EXCEPT
experiments with electricity
Poor Richard's Almanac
military leadership
invention of the bifocial lenses
founding of a nonsectarian college
Which of the following best represents the "new man" described by Crèvecoeur?
an indentured servant recently arrived from France
a native-born Pennsylvania merchant
an adult slave on a South Carolina plantation
a German-speaking farmer on the frontier
a royal governor of Virginia
Which of the following does NOT express a British criticism of the colonies in 1763?
Samuel Adams and other colonial leaders organized opposition to British authority.
Many colonists showed disloyalty by failing to support this war effort.
The colonial militia was badly trained.
Although the colonies benefited from the British victory, they failed to pay their fair share of the war costs.
The Virginians under George Washington disobeyed orders in attacking a French fort.
"After the French and Indian War, the British government tried to make Americans pay for British protection in the colonies." Each of the following supports this statement EXCEPT the
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Townshend Acts
Quebec Act
Pontiac's Rebellion was a reaction to
the building of Fort Duquesne
the westward movement of English settlers
French control of the fur trade
the Proclamation of 1763
the outbreak of the French and Indian War
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Stamp Act?
Delegates from different colonies held a protest meeting in New York.
The Sons of Liberty threatened tax officials.
Colonial war debts were paid.
Colonists boycotted British goods.
London merchants suffered from a reduction in trade.
John Dickinson defended the idea of no taxation without representation by arguing that
colonists owed no loyalty to the king
Parliament could not regulate trade
colonists were too poor to be taxed
to tax people without their consent violated English law
colonists did not have to submit to British authority
The Townshend Acts provoked all of the following colonial reactions EXCEPT
the Massachusetts Circular Letter
John Dickinson's "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"
the Stamp Act Congress
colonial boycotts of British goods
the Gaspee incident
The Boston Tea Party had which of the following causes?
the Boston Massacre
Parliament's efforts to improve the profits of the British East India Company
the Intolerable Acts
the arguments of the committee of correspondence
the imperial policies of Lord Grenville
Which of the following sources would be most useful in studying the philosophical foundations of the American Revolution?
Benjamin Franklin's "Poor Richard's Almanack"
John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government"
John Edwards' "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"
the Albany Plan of Union
Enlightenment philosophers believed in all of the following ideas EXCEPT
People have the right to revolt against tyranny.
People have rights simply because they are human.
Sovereignty resides with the people.
A fundamental purpose of government is to protect people's rights.
God is the primary authority for government.
Which of the following is a correct statement about the American colonies in the 1770s before the outbreak of the Revolutionary War?
Except for a few radicals, Americans generally accepted the policies of George III's ministers.
Most Americans resisted the British government's efforts to impose new taxes.
France encouraged the British colonies to revolt.
Colonial boycotts failed to have an effect on British policy.
The 13 colonies had developed a single policy for dealing with Parliament.
Which of the following sources would be most useful in researching a paper entitled "Arguments for Independence, 1776"?
the Olive Branch Petition
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Thomas Paine's "Commen Sense"
The Battle of Saratoga had all of the following consequences EXCEPT
encouraged the British to grant most of the American demands
persuaded the French to form an alliance with the United States
defeated a British attempt to isolate New England from the other colonies
gave a boost to American morale
caused the British to adopt a different military strategy
The First Continental Congress was a reaction to
the Declaratory Act
fighting at Lexington and Concord
passage of the Intolerable Acts
the British tax on tea
In his pamphlet "Common Sense," Thomas Paine defended the idea of American independence on the grounds that
all men are created equal
Parliament was dictatorial
people should not pledge allegiance to a king and a corrupt government
democratic government of, by, and for the people was the only type based on natural law and reason
liberty belongs to those who fight for it
As a result of the Treaty of Paris, the United States gained all of the following EXCEPT
fishing rights off the coast of Canada
British recognition of U.S. independence
a western boundary on the Mississippi River
the territory of Florida
a peaceful settlement of the Revolutionary War
Which of the following most accurately describes those Americans who fought on the British side in the American Revolution?
They came from all groups and classes.
They were a majority of the population.
They were most numerous in New England.
THey were generally identified with the Whig party in England.
They were motivated by a desire for financial gain.
Which of the following most accurately describes the change in American public opinion between January 1774 and July 1776?
It changed from a desire for reconciliation to a decision for independence.
Most people favored independence in 1774 but were willing to fight for it only after the Declaration of Independence.
Loyalists were in the majority both in 1774 and 1776.
By the summer of 1776, only a relatively small number of Americans expressed support for the king's government.
Military support from France encouraged American Patriots.
Statement: "The Articles of Confederation succeeded in guiding the United States through its first decade." Each of the following supports this statement EXCEPT
Congress regulated interstate trade.
Congress enacted the Land Ordinance of 1785.
Congress enacted the Northwest Ordinance.
The U.S. government signed a favorable treaty of peace.
The U.S. government conducted the war effort that resulted in American Independence.
Statement: "The new state constitutions enacted during the Revolutionary War reflect the Patriots' emphasis on individual liberty." Each of the following actions supports this statement EXCEPT
starting each constitution with a bill of rights
providing for separation of powers to limit abuses
submitting proposed constitutions to the people for ratification
the absence of any provision for the abolition of slavery
providing for the separation of church and state
Which of the following is a correct statement about the United States at the end of the Revolutionary War?
The central government was stronger than any state government.
Women received greater political rights.
Aristocratic privileges were reduced or eliminated.
Slavery was unchallenged.
Every state adopted the idea of separation of church and state.
In the 1780s, all of the following contributed to dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT
high taxes levied by the national government
a farmers' revolt in Massachusetts against the collection of state taxes
states refusing to honor the Treaty of Paris
worthless paper money printed by many states
states restricting trade with one another
Which of the following statements accurately describes an argument of the Anti-Federalists?
The Constitution failed to provide for a Supreme Court.
The Constitution lacked a Bill of Rights.
States' rights were strong enough to limit the central government.
The president's powers were too limited.
The small states had to be protected from the bigger ones.
"The U.S. Constitution is a bundle of compromises." Which of the following provisions of the Constitution does NOT reflect support for this statement?
representation in the U.S. House of Representatives
representation in the U.S. Senate
counting a slave as three-fifths of a person
Congress' power to tax imports but not exports
a national court system separate from the legislature
In his interpretation of the Constitutional Convention, the historian Charles Beard focused on the importance of
sectional differences
conflict over slavery
economic interests of a wealthy elite
political factions from colonial times
the genius and wisdom of the framers
In 1788, the Federalists promised to add a bill of rights to the Constitution in order to
protect their own liberties from possible abuse by the U.S. government
persuade state conventions to ratify the Constitution
ensure that government would be democratic
establish a popular platform for the election of George Washington
expand the rights of voters
Alexander Hamilton's financial program consisted of all of the following EXCEPT
the creation of a U.S. bank
the collection of federal excise tax on whisky
payment of state debts by the federal government
payment of subsidies to farmers
tariffs to protect infant U.S. industries
Which of the following was the underlying cause of the other four?
the Jay Treaty
the French Revolution
the XYZ Affair
Citizen Genêt controversy
Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions presented the argument that
states had the power to organize political parties
Congress had no power to legislate on questions of immigration
states could nullify acts of Congress
Congress should consult the states before declaring war
the Constitution should be amended
The decline in support for the Federalist party can be traced most directly to its handling of the issue of
the Bill of Rights
Citizen Genêt
the Alien and Sedition acts
Marbury v. Madison
Which of the following was NOT a significant consequence of the election of 1800?
Thomas Jefferson became president.
The Democratic-Republicans took control of Congress.
The Twelfth Amendment was added to the Constitution.
The U.S. government gave less attention to foreign affairs.
The party in power left office peacefully.
Which of the following leaders is INCORRECTLY paired with a notable event or deed?
Thomas Jefferson--Louisiana Purchase
Andrew Jackson--Battle of New Orleans
Tecumseh--Battle of Tippecanoe
Henry Clay--declaration of war in 1812
Alexander Hamilton--Embargo Act of 1807
Thomas Jefferson's revolution of 1800 changed the Federalist policies of Washington and Adams in all of the following areas EXCEPT
size of the military
number of federal employees
amount of national debt
foreign affairs
Alien and Sedition Acts
Which of the following accurately characterizes the foreign policy goals of Jefferson and Madison before 1812?
strengthen U.S. trade relations with Britain and France
maintain U.S. neutral rights without going to war
seek an alliance with either Britain or France
explore various means for acquiring Canada
provide aid to independence movements in Latin America
John Marshall's Supreme Court decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison established
a means for installing Federalist judges in office
rules for impeachment trials
the principle of judicial review
the federal government's authority over the states
a procedure for reviewing treaties
Native Americans in the West allied themselves with the British in the War of 1812 because they
wanted to stop American settlers from taking their lands
were persuaded to do so by Aaron Burr
had ambitions to establish an Indian confederacy
had always been friendly with the British
had signed a binding treaty with Britain during the American Revolution
Thomas Jefferson's chief reason for purchasing Louisiana was to
challenge Hamilton's loose interpretation of the Constitution
challenge Napoleon's bid for world empire
give the United States control of the Mississippi River
provide a rationale for the Lewis and Clark Expedition
strengthen the Republican party in the trans-Mississippi West
All of the following contributed to the U.S. decision to go to war in 1812 EXCEPT
the election of war hawks to Congress in 1810
a desire to acquire parts of Canada
British impressment of American seamen
efforts to protect the land of Native Americans
American sympathy with France against Britain
Which of the following documents or sources would be most useful for analyzing the effects of the Embargo of 1807 on the U.S. economy?
Jefferson's instructions to Lewis and Clark
resolutions of the Hartford Convention
records of shipbuilding activity in a New England state from 1805 to 1810
financial accounts of Georgia plantations from 1805 to 1807
speeches of Henry Clay (1810-1812)
The War of 1812 had all of the following consequences in the United States EXCEPT
acquisition of new land
Native Americans' loss of Britain as an ally
the demise of the Federalist party
an increase in U.S. manufacturing
an increase in American nationalism
The Hartford Convention had long-term significance because it
encouraged Britain to sign the Treaty of Ghent
presented a major challenge to Madison's domestic policies
forced repeal of the Embargo Act of 1807
marked the end of the Federalists as a national party
organized national opposition to the War of 1812
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Monroe Doctrine?
It caused an immediate change in the U.S. role in world affairs.
It asserted the U.S. right to send troops into the countries of Latin America to provide political stability.
It declared U.S. opposition to European intervention in the affairs of independent countries of the Western Hemisphere.
It was fully supported by the British government.
It established the U.S. claim to being a world power.
Which of the following increased southern planters' reliance on slaves?
Missouri Compromise
invention of the steamboat
invention of the cotton gin
Lowell System
Louisiana Purchase
The Erie Canal was significant because it
challenged railroads as the primary transportation system of the early 1800s
tied the manufacturing of the East to the farming of the West
was the first federally funded internal improvement
stimulated subsistence farming and manufacturing in the West
increased trade with Great Britain
A major effect of John Marshall's Supreme Court decision was to
expand federal power and limit the states' power
expand the states' power and limit federal power
declare federal laws to be unconstitutional
protect and enlarge the jurisdiction of state courts
legitimize a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution
Henry Clay's idea of an American System included all of the following EXCEPT
protective tariffs
internal improvements
state banks
increased trade between all sections of the country
federal funds for a national transportation system
Which of the following is a correct statement about the United States at the beginning of the Era of Good Feelings?
Sectionalism had become the dominant force in the nation.
There were no more divisions within the ranks of the Republican party.
Federalists and Republicans united on an economic program of internal improvements and protective tariffs.
Friendliness and cooperation with Britain replaced earlier policies of hostility.
Nationalism strongly influenced American culture and politics.
Which pair of issues aroused the most controversy in 1819 and 1820?
internal improvements and Latin American independence
slavery in Missouri and Latin American independence
slavery in Missouri and a financial crisis
Monroe's prospects for reelection and a financial crisis
Monroe's prospects for reelection and the protective tariff
Which of the following best describes changes in the American economy in the late 1820s?
improved transportation in the West, depressed conditions in the South
industrialization in the Northeast, diversified farming in the South
improved transportation in the West, industrialization in the North
cotton farming in the South, depressed conditions in the North
railroads in all sections providing the primary stimulus for economic growth
In the first decades of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution in the United States was supported by developments in all of the following areas EXCEPT
the factory system
transportation
corporations
mechanical inventions
crafts unions
In the 1830s and 1840s, all of the following were generally true about immigration EXCEPT
Most immigrants came from the British Isles and northern Europe.
Improvements in ship technology made the ocean voyage relatively cheap and fast.
The South attracted the least number of immigrants.
An overwhelming majority of native-born Americans welcomed immigrants as a cheap source of labor.
Poorer immigrants lived in the cities while those with some money farmed in the West.
During the 1840s, large numbers of Irish immigrated to the United States mainly because of
British persecutions in Ireland
U.S. policies offering free land
support from the irish-American Aid Society
the development of textile mills in New England
famine resulting from the failure of the potato crop
Nativist reaction to immigration resulted in
the formation of the Know-Nothing party
the splitting of the Democratic-Republican party
major changes in the immigration laws
increased immigration from southern Europe
greater sectional differences between North and South
All of the following restricted the growth of labor unions before the Civil War EXCEPT
increased numbers of immigrant workers
economic depressions
opposition by factory employers
opposition by southern plantation owners
judicial decisions
Twenty years after the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, Congress prohibited
slavery in all U.S. territories
slave ownership by federal employees
immigration
importation of slaves into the United States
efforts to change naturalization laws
Which of the following activities was most commonly practiced by African Americans as a means of resisting slavery in the early 1800s?
sitdown strike
legal action
political action
armed revolt
work slowdown
Before the Civil War, which of the following groups of southern whites did NOT defend slavery?
Methodist congregations
farmers
poor whites
large landowners
mountain people
Before 1860, the change that most influenced the lives of Native Americans on the Great Plains was
the introduction of the horse
the building of a transcontinental railroad
sectional tensions between North and South
the establishment of reservations
Which of the following regions is INCORRECTLY paired with an economic or social characteristic?
Old Northwest--agriculture
New England--factory system
western frontier in 1850--tobacco farming
Deep South--cotton farming
border states--slavery
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement about the United States in 1850?
The vast majority of Native Americans lived west of the Mississippi River.
A majority of Americans lived in cities.
All free African Americans lived in the North.
Most industrial workers were protected by laws providing for an eight-hour day.
The Mississippi River defined the western frontier.
Jacksonian Democrats favored all of the following EXCEPT
rotation in office
universal suffrage for white males
the caucus system of nominating candidates
rewarding political supporters with government jobs
presidential electors being chosen by popular vote
After the election of 1824, the president's choice of Henry Clay as secretary of state resulted in
the end of political bitterness between the major parties
the revival of the Federalist party
widespread criticism of the spoils system
charges of a corrupt bargain with John Q. Adams
a political alliance between Clay and Andrew Jackson
An important effect of the tariff of abominations in 1828 was
increased prices for cotton overseas
South Carolina's adoption of the theory of nullification
the election of a Democratic president, Andrew Jackson
an alliance of northeastern workers and western farmers
the growth of manufacturing in the South
The Revolution of 1828 revealed that political power was
shifting to the western states
shifting to the southern states
entrenched on the eastern seabord
gravitating toward conservative elements
evenly divided between Whigs and Democrats
Which of the following documents would be most useful in evaluating President Jackson's commitment to democratic values?
the Specie Circular
veto message on the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States
congressional hearings on the "Corrupt Bargain"
Supreme Court cases on the Indian-removal issue
Calhoun's writings on nullification
In the 1830s, the factor that most directly promoted the development of a two-party system was
the growth of the immigrant population
increased interest in foreign affairs
changes in methods of nominating and electing the president
increasing sectional conflict between northern and southern states over the tariff issue
the dropping of constitutional limitations on the party system
"The duties of all public officers are, or at least admit of being made, so plain and simple that more is lost by the long continuance of men in office than is general to be gained by their experience." This statement best reflects the views of
John C. Calhoun
Daniel Webster
John Q. Adams
Andrew Jackson
Henry Clay
The main issue in the presidential campaign of 1832 was
the recharter of the Bank of the United States
the removal of Native Americans from eastern states
the use of federal funds for internal improvements
the cost of western lands sold by the government
the nullification of the "tariff of abominations"
President Jackson's response to Supreme Court decisions on the treaty rights of Native Americans resulted in which of the following?
Jackon's loss of popularity among working-class voters
Indian uprisings in the eastern states
the division of tribal lands into family units
impeachment of the president for not enforcing the law
the forced removal of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia
The Second Great Awakening was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
efforts to counter the rationalism and disbelief of the Revolutionary Era
opportunity for salvation offered to all
efforts to appeal to people's emotions
growing unity among Protestant churches
widespread belief that the second coming of Christ was near
Which of the following is true of the American transcendentalists?
supported government actions and regulations as the solution to social problems
argued for the importance of human intuition and individualism
persecuted for their radical religious views
belonged to an experimental commune that practiced plural marriage
played a leading role in the Second Great Awakening
According to the cult of domesticity, a woman's proper role was
teaching in the growing number of free public schools
balancing the obligations of family and a career
striving toward social and economic equality with men
leading the movement for political and social reform
acting as moral leader and educator of the family
The leading spokesperson for the tax-supported public school movement was
Neal Dow
Joseph Smith
Charles Finney
Horace Mann
Timothy Dwight
All of the following were true of the temperance movement EXCEPT
It was largely restricted to the southern states.
German and Irish immigrants often opposed the movement.
By the 1850s, the movement advocated the legal prohibition of alcohol.
The early leaders of the movement were Protestant clergymen.
It was the most popular of the Jacksonian era reform movements.
Dorothea Dix was inspired to dedicate her life to a humanitarian crusade by
the mistreatment of women factory workers
conditions in the poorly funded public schools
discovery of the confinement of the mentally ill in local jails
the lack of schools for the blind and deaf
the increased suicide rate in Pennsylvania and New York prisons
The abolitionist movement had the effect of
weakening white southerners' attachment to slavery
converting most Americans to the abolitionist position
increasing the chances for compromise between North and South
proving moral persuasion was more effective than political action
bringing the issue of slavery to the forefront of the reform movement
William Lloyd Garrison and the American Antislavery Society supported
gradual emancipation of slaves without compensation to owners
immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation or emigration
gradual emancipation of slaves with emigration to Asia
immediate emancipation of slaves with compensation to owners
violent overthrow of slavery in the South
The Seneca Falls Convention was significant because it
initiated the religious revivals in the "burned-over district"
demanded the immediate abolition of slavery
issued a historic declaration of women's rights
addressed concerns for the education of children
concluded that the Auburn system was a failure
Perfectionist aspirations to create a utopian society are best reflected in
the Hudson River School
Thoreau's experiment at Walden Pond
American Colonization Society
the organizing of revivalist camp meetings
the founding of New Harmony, Brook Farm, and Fourier Phalanxes
Which of the following BEST reflected the idea of manifest destiny?
the signing of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty
Henry Clay's position on Texas in the election of 1844
the establishment of Texas as the independent republic
then campaign platform of James Polk in 1844
northern Whigs during the Mexican War
All of the following contributed to the conflict between Mexico's government and settlers in Texas in the early 1830s EXCEPT
the collection of import duties
the support for annexation by John Tyler and James Polk
Mexico's decision to abolish slavery in its territory
Mexico's law requiring acceptance of the Catholic faith
the coming to power of General Santa Anna
The main reason for the U.S. delay in annexing Texas was the
controversy over the boundary of Texas and Mexico
opposition of Great Britain and France
independent spirit of the settlers in Texas
opposition in Congress to adding slave states
opposition of the Mexican government
Which of the following was the LEAST important issue in the election of 1844?
settlement of the Oregon border
acquisition of California
rechartering the Bank of the United States
reduction of the tariff
annexation of Texas
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the U.S. war with Mexico?
U.S. annexation of Texas
long-term Mexican resentment against the United States
securing Texas' southern border on the Rio Grande
increased sectional tensions over slavery
cession of California and New Mexico to the United States
Which of the following is a correct statement about the Wilmot Proviso?
It forbade the introduction of slavery into territory acquired from Mexico.
It denied President Polk additional funds to conduct the war with Mexico.
It compromised differences between the North and the South.
It passed both houses of Congress but was vetoed by the president.
It was proposed by the Whigs to embarrass the Democrats.
Which of the following is LEAST useful in arguing that territorial expansion was motivated by a desire to spread slavery?
William Walker's campaign in Nicaragua
the Ostend Manifesto
the slogan "Fifty-four Forty or Fight"
the annexation of Texas
opposition to the Wilmot Proviso
During the settlement of the West, all of the following was true EXCEPT
the overland trails were used primarily by the very poor
a large percentage of the western miners were foreign-born
the mountain men provided much of the early information about the West
in the 1830s and 1840s, the U.S. government gave squatters the right to buy federal lands
the chief interest of most pioneering families who moved West was to engage in agriculture
Which of the following had the greatest impact on transportation in the 1850s?
canal building
improvements in the steamboat
the expansion of railroads
the development of clipper ships
changes in design of the overland wagon
In what way did the Panic of 1857 have an effect on sectional conflict?
Unemployment increased in the eastern manufacturing centers.
Prices for farm products fell, especially in midwestern states.
The South blamed the North for falling cotton prices.
Southerners concluded that their economic system was superior to the North's.
The North gained the necessary economic advantages to defeat the South when civil war broke out.
Which of the following most accurately describes Stephen Douglas' idea of popular sovereignty?
A section of western land would be given free to anyone who would homestead it for a certain number of years.
Only citizens of the United States would be permitted to settle territories acquired from Mexico.
Public lands in the new territories would be open on a first-come first-served basis.
The status of slavery in a territory would be determined by the voters in the territory.
New territories would be closed to both slaves and free blacks.
All of the following figured prominently in debates over the Compromise of 1850 EXCEPT the
provision for a new Fugitive Slave Law
slave trade in the District of Columbia
admission of California into the Union as a free state
future of slavery in the Mexican Cession territories
extension of slavery into Kansas and Nebraska territories
Which of the following was a major factor in the decline of the Whig party in the 1850s?
death John Calhoun
election of Zachary Taylor
Lincoln-Douglas debates
Know-Nothing movement
"bleeding Kansas"
A political effect of the fighting in Kansas in 1855 and 1856 was to
further divide the Democratic party
cause the founding of the Republican party
gain increased congressional support for proslavery forces in Kansas
unite northern and southern Democrats against Republicans
elect a Republican president in 1856
The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case outraged public opinion in the North chiefly because it
declared the Fugitive Slave Law unconstitutional
guaranteed citizenship to free blacks
removed restrictions against the spread of slavery into western territories
failed to abolish slavery in the South
challenged California's status as a free state
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 increased sectional tension because it
enriched northern railroad investors at the expense of the South
reopened the issue of slavery in a territory north of 36'30'
supported proslavery state constitutions in Kansas and Nebraska
repealed the Compromise of 1850
persuaded the Whig party to side with the South
The Lincoln-Douglas debates resulted in all of the following EXCEPT
Lincoln's emergence as a national political figure
increased support for Douglas in the South
Douglas' reelection in the Senate
Douglas' attempt to reconcile popular sovereignty with the Dred Scott decision
increased public awareness of slavery as a moral issue
John Brown's primary purpose in attacking Harpers Ferry was to
gain contributions from northern abolitionists
take revenge for the death of antislavery settlers in Kansas
start a slave rebellion in Virginia
open up a new path for the underground railroad
destroy the federal arsenal in Virginia
In the 1860 election, what was the position of Lincoln and the Republican party on slavery?
Slavery was immoral and should be abolished immediately.
Slavery should not be allowed to expand into the territories.
Popular sovereignty would be allowed in the new territories north of 36'30'
The Dred Scott decision should be supported in the territories but not in the states.
The federal government should act to bring about the gradual emancipation of slaves in the South.
All of the following statements about the election of 1860 are accurate EXCEPT:
The Republicans won control of the presidency but not Congress.
No candidate received a majority of the popular vote.
The popular and electoral votes were divided among four candidates.
Lincoln won election because of the split in the Democratic party.
A major consequence of the election was that several southern states seceded from the Union.
Northern advantages in the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT
a superior navy
a political party system that could marshal support for the war
a superior railroad network
general agreement over war aims
greater capacity to produce military equipment
All of the following were part of the initial Union strategy to win the Civil War EXCEPT
a naval blockade of southern ports
control of the Mississippi River
the capture of Richmond
keeping the border states in the Union
emancipation of slaves in the seceded states
The Confederate government was able to achieve which of the following goals?
recognition by a foreign power
frequent victories over Union armies
a stable monetary system
a strong central government
control of the southern river system
President Lincoln was reluctant to emancipate the slaves in the first year of the Civil War because
he feared that freeing the slaves would bring England and France into the war
Congress was opposed to emancipation
he knew that a proclamation about slavery would only further alienate the South
he feared that emancipation would drive the border states out of the Union
he had always been opposed to the abolitionists in his pary
Which of the following best describes an immediate effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?
Slaves in the border states became free.
Slaves in the Deep South became free.
The abolition of slavery in Confederate territory became one of the North's war goals.
Lincoln's reelection was assured.
Draft riots erupted in New York City.
Lee's major reason for invading northern territory in 1863 was to
win foreign recognition for the Confederacy
obtain military supplies
seek revenge for northern attacks in Virginia
break the Union blockade
destroy the North's industrial capacity
The economic impact of the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT
an increasing number of women in the labor force
widespread destruction of property in the South
creation of a national banking system in the North
reduced rate of industrial production in the North
runaway inflation in the South
Which of the following accurately describes northern politics during the Civil War?
Democrats challenged Republicans for control of national and state offices.
Republicans were united behind Lincoln's leadership.
The suspension of habeas corpus discouraged many Democrats from voting
Lincoln had no trouble winning reelection in 1864.
Copperhead candidates campaigned for equal rights for women.
All of the following were factors in the defeat of the South in 1865 EXCEPT
shortages caused by the Union's naval blockade
slave uprisings against southern plantations
Grant's war of attrition in Virginia
Sherman's march through Georgia
the Confederacy's failure to obtain foreign intervention
One of the long-term political consequences of northern victory was
an end of threats to nullification and secession
dominance of the Republican party in the South
continuing sectional conflict over the issue of slavery
a balance of power in Congress between the North and the South
suspension on the writ of habeas corpus
