By observing bacterial transformation, Avery and other scientists discovered that the nucleic acid DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of bacteria to the next.
Hershey and Chase's experiment with bacteriophages confirmed Avery's results, convincing many scientists that DNA was the genetic material found in genes-not just in viruses and bacteria, but in all living cells.
The DNA that makes up genes must be capable of storing, copying, and transforming the genetic information in a cell.
DNA is a nucleic acid made up of amino acids joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds
The clues in Franklin's X-ray pattern enabled Watson and Crick to build a model that explained the specific structure and properties of DNA.
The double-helix model explains Chargaff's rule of base pairing and how the two strands of DNA are held together.
DNA poly merase is an enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA.
Replication in most prokaryotic cells starts from a single point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied.
In prokaryotic cells, replication may begin at dozens or even hundreds of places on the DNA molecule, proceeding in both directions until each chromosome is completely copied.
The process by which one strain of bacterium is changed into another strain is called
transcription
transformation
duplication
replication
Bacteriophages are
a form of bacteria.
enzymes.
coils of DNA.
viruses.
Which of the following researchers used radioactive markers in experiments to show that DNA was the genetic material in cells?
Frederick Griffith
Oswald Avery
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
James Watson and Francis Crick
Before DNA could definitively be shown to be the genetic material in cells, scientists had to show that it could
tolerate high temperatures.
carry and make copies of information.
be modified in response to environmental conditions.
be broken down into small subunits.
A nucleotide does NOT contain
a 5-carbon sugar.
an amino acid.
a nitrogen base.
a phosphate group.
According to Chargaff's rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?
A=T and C=G
A-C and T=G
A=G and T=C
A=T=C=G
The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from
the attraction of phosphate groups for each other.
strong bonds between nitrogenous bases and the sugar-phosphate backbone.
weak hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases.
carbon-to-barbon bonds in the sugar portion of the nucleotides.
In Prokaryotes, DNA molecules are located in the
nucleus.
ribosomes.
cytoplasm.
histones.
In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the
The main enzyme involved in linking individual nucleotides into DNA molecules is
DNA protease.
ribose.
carbohydrase.
DNA polymerase.
During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence TATGA?
TATGA
ATACT
CACTA
AGTAT
The scientist(s) responsible for the discovery of bacterial transformation is (are)
Watson and Crick.
Griffith.
Avery.
Franklin.
Which of the following does NOT describe the structure of DNA?
double helix
nucleotide polymer
contains adenine-quanine pairs
sugar-phosphate backbone
What did Hershey and Chase's work show?
Genes are probably made of DNA
Genes are probably made of protein.
Viruses contain DNA but not protein.
Bacteria contain DNA but not protein.
