Beneath the dermis lies a loose layer of skin rich in fat and areolar tissue called the
dermo-epidermal junction
hypodermis
epidermis
none of the above
The most important cells in the epidermis are the
keratinocytes
melanocytes
Langerhans cells
dermal papillae
The order of the cells of the epidermis, from superficial to deep, are
stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum basale
stratum corneum, sgtratum spinosum, statum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum basale
stratum basale, startum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum
stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
In which area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum?
back of the hand
thigh
abdomen
sole of the foot
In which layer of the skin do cells divide by mitosis to replace cells lost from the outermost surface of the body?
statum basale
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum spinosum
Smooth muscles that produce goose bumps when they contract are:
papillary muscles
hair muscles
follicular muscles
arrector pili muscles
Keratin is found in which layer of the skin?
dermis
subcutaneous
serous
Meissner's corpuscles are specialized nerve endings that make it possible for skin to detect
heat
cold
light touch
deep pressure
The basic determinant of skin color is the quantity of
keratin
melanin
albinin
Which of the following is not a contributing factor to skin color?
exposure to sunlight
genetics
place of birth
volume of blood in skin capillaries
Most of the body is covered by thick skin
A surgeon would most likely prefer to make an incision parallel to Langer cleavage lines
If the enzyme tyrosinase is absent from birth because of a congenital defect, a condition called albinism results
The epidermis is the true skin and is composed of two layers
Subcutaneous layer and hypodermis are synonymous terms
Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
sensation
excretion
immunity
all of the above are skin functions
Which of the following vitamins is synthesized by the skin?
vitamin A
vitamin B
vitamin C
vitamin D
Which of the following is not a mechanism of heat loss by the skin?
evaporation
radiation
vasoconstriction
convenction
Vitamin D fulfills the requirements necessary for a substance to be classified as a(n)
hormone
mineral
nucleic acid
enzyme
Which structure compares actual body temperature with set point temperature and then sends out appropriate correction signals to effectors?
pituitary
hypothalumus
thalamus
Skin is a minor factor in the body's thermoregulatory mechanism.
In most circumstances, skin plays a major role in the overall excretion of body wastes.
To help dissipate heat during exercise, sweat production can reach as much as 3 liters per hour,
The developing fetus is covered by an extremely fine, soft hair coat called
vellus
lanugo
fatalis follicle
Which of the following is associated with hair?
sebacous glands
ceruminous glands
eccrine glands
Ceruminous glands are found in the
axillae
soles of feet
ear canal
The most numerous, important, and widespread sweat glands in the body are
apocrine
eccrine
ceruminous
sebaceous
Hair growth is stimulated by
cutting it frequently
shaving
increasing melanin production
The visible portion of a hair follicle is the shaft
The inner core of the hair is called the cortex
Sweat, or sudoriferous, glands are the most numerous of the skin glands
One of the factors associated with male pattern baldness is androgens.
Growth of nails is due to mitosis in the stratum basale.
The rule of palms assumes that the palm size of a burn victim equals about 1% 2% 5% none of the above( 1%, 2%, 5%, none of the above ) of total body surface area.
Blisters, severe pain, and generalized swelling are characteristic of which type of burn?
first-degree burns
second-degree burns
third-degree burns
According to the "rule of nines", the body is divided into nine areas of 9%.
Immediately after injury, third-degree burns hurt less than second-degree burns.
❌: destroys both epidermis and dermis and may involve underlying tissue ❌: involves only the epidermis ❌: another name for first and second degree burns ❌: damage to epidermis and upper layers of dermis with blisters ❌: another name for third-degree burn
Which of the following statements about hair follicles is true?
Arrector pili muscles are associated with them
Sudoriferous glands empty into them
They arise directly from the epidermal layer of skin
All of the above is true
Which of the following statements about apocrine glands is true?
They can be classified as sudoriferous
They can be found primarily in the armpit area, the areolae of the breasts and around the anus
They enlarge and begin to function at puberty
All of the above are true
Which of the following is found in the epidermal layer of the skin?
nerves
blood vessels
all of the above are found in the dermis
What characterizes second-degree burns?
blisters
swelling
severe pain
all of the above
Blackheads can result from the blockage of which of the following glands?
lacrimal
sudoriferous
A common type of skin cancer is
malignant melanoma
vitiligo
basal cell carcinoma
Kaposi sarcoma
What is the fold of skin that hides the root of a nail called?
lunula
body
cuticle
papillae
Which of the following is not an important function of the skin?
sense organ activity
absorption
protection
temperature
Another name for the dermis is
corium
strata
The shredding of epithelial elements from the skin surface is called
desquamation
convection
cleavage lines
turnover
❌: melanin ❌: Pacini corpuscle ❌: sebaceous ❌: hair ❌: lunula ❌: dermal papillae ❌: Sudoriferous ❌: apocrine ❌: tinea ❌: psoriasis
