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Philip of Macedon:
Macedonia: Geography, Economy, Society, Constitution
Philip of Macedon:
Philip’s reforms
Philip of Macedon:
Philip’s conquest of Greece 359-338
Philip of Macedon:
League of Corinth 337
Alexander the Great:
What was Alexander’s objective in invading Persia?
Alexander the Great:
Why was he so successful?
Alexander the Great:
What were the inner forces driving him?
Alexander the Great:
What kind of man was Alexander?
The Hellenistic World:
Alexander’s successors
The Hellenistic World:
Definition: Hellenistic Age
The Hellenistic World:
Hellenistic Monarchy
The Hellenistic World:
Hellenistic Culture
Why is the Hellenistic Age its own epoch?
In what ways is it different from the Classical period?
What is the Zeitgeist of the Hellenistic Age?
Which cultural innovations do we find?
Which role did sport and athletics play in ancient Greek society?
Which sports and athletic competitions did the Greeks engage in?
What was the social, political and religious context for these competitions?
How did the Greeks celebrate and commemorate their victories?
Greek Sport and Athletics:
Sport in Homer
Greek Sports and Athletics:
The crown games and the money games
Greek Sport and Athletics:
The Olympic Festival
What is the cause of diseases according to the Greeks?
Greek Medicine:
How did they envision healing?
Was ancient Greek medicine a science or did it belong to the realm of the religion?
What is the Hippocratic Oath?
Greek Medicine:
The origins of Greek medicine
Greek Medicine:
Healing cults – Asclepius
Greek Medicine:
Hippocrates of Cos (5th cent. BC)
Greek Medicine:
Galen (2nd cent. AD)
How is it possible that the small town of Rome became the ruler of the world?
Why Rome and not any other town in Italy?
How did social organizations evolve in prehistoric Italy?
Which peoples lived in Italy in the early historical period?
When and how was Rome founded?
Peoples of Italy:
Phoenicians, Greeks, Etruscans
Early Roman Institutions
How was Rome governed during the regal period?
What kind of social groups do we find in Rome?
Which role did the individual play in Roman society?
How did the Romans think of their city- state?
In what way did the social norms and values in Rome differ from those in Greece?
Social Structure of Rome
Roman Value System
How did the Romans view their relationship with the gods?
Which gods did the Romans worship?
How does Roman religion differ from Greek religion?
Which role did religion play in Roman politics?
Greek city-states were plagued by
(1) aristocratic power struggles (cf. Athens)
(2) civil war (stasis) between aristocrats and commoners
– How did Rome deal with such conflicts?
What is so special about Roman elites?
Why was there never a civil war during the early and middle republic (509-133 BC)?
How did the Roman republican system work?
Roman Republic:
Political offices (magistrates) and powers
Roman Republic:
Four types of assemblies
Roman Republic:
The principal roles and interactions of magistrate, senate and populus Romanus
What were the conditions for a city-state like Rome in central Italy in the 7th and 6th century?
How did the Romans wage war?
Did Roman warfare change over time?
Why was Rome more successful than other city-states?
Why did the Romans go to war so often?
Rome, its army, and its neighbors: 6th-5th century
Trauma of 387 BC: Gallic Sack of Rome
The Roman Military Revolution: From Hoplites to Legionaries
Roman Expansion: 4th-3rd century
How did Rome first get in conflict with Carthage?
• Why did Rome build up a navy? How did the Romans fare on this new element?
• How did Rome win the First Punic War?
• What are the reasons for the outbreak of the Second Punic War?
• Why did Hannibal invade Italy? What was his strategy?
• Why were the Romans ultimately victorious?
How did the victory over Hannibal effect Rome?
What happened to the former Carthaginian possessions and allies in Spain, northern Italy and Greece?
How did the Romans get embroiled in the Greek East (Greece, Aegean, Asia Minor)?
Did the Romans plan to establish a Mediterranean empire?
How did this enormous expansion affect Rome?
What relationship did the Romans have to Greek culture?
What are the cultural repercussions for Rome’s engagement in the Greek East?
What did the Romans think about the Greeks and Greek culture?
What are the origins of Roman Literature?
The Spartans won the Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC) with Persia’s
help:
How will the other major Greek poleis (Athens, Thebes, Corinth) react to Sparta's rule?
What will the Spartans do now? Give the small Greek poleis their freedom and autonomy or
establish their own empire?
Which role does Persia play in the history of Greece in the 4th
century?
Greece is not a unified country, but consists of numerous independent
poleis:
How can peace and stability be ensured under these
circumstances?
