Renal Physiology

Multilobular kidney species eg

Unilobular kidney species

Uropoiesis

Functions of kidney

Functional Unit of the Kidney

2 types of nephrons

Renal Vascular Supply

Nephron Blood Flow

Functions of the Nephron

Filtration (1st step)

Glomerulus

Glomerulus Structure

Glomerular Filtrate

Tubular Reabsorption

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Factors favoring Glomerular filtration

Factors opposing glomerular filtration

Net Filtration Pressure

Regulation of glomerular filtration rate

Permselectivity

Glomerular capillary wall

Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (systemic factors in regulation of GFR)

Systemic Factors: Hormones that act to maintain blood volume

Systemic Factors: Hormones that act to maintain vessel tone

Intrinsic Factors in the Regulation of GFR

Intrinsic Factors in the Regulation of GFR
1) Myogenic Reflex

Intrinsic Factors in the Regulation of GFR
2) Tubuloglomerular Feedback

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Intrinsic Factors in the Regulation of GFR
3) Endolthelium COntrol

Intrinsic Factors in the Regulation of GFR
3) Endothelium Control: Angiotensin II (AII)

(Reabsorption) Path of Filtrate Through Nephron

Renal Tubule

Fractional Excretion Rate

Proximal Tubule

Transcellular Pathway

Paracellular Pathway

Peritubular Capillary

Reabsorption of Solutes in Proximal Tubule

Active Transport of Na+ in Proximal Tubule

Reabsorption of Calcium and Potassium in Proximal Tubule

Reabsorption of peptides and low MW protein in PT

PT Secretes Organic Ions

Tubular Secretion

RAAS diagram

Enzyme required to convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Loop of Henle: Descending (thin) limb

Ascending (thick) limb of the Loop of Henle

Ascending (Thick) limb of Loop of Henle

Distal Convolulted Tubule

Collecting Duct

Collecting Duct: Principle Cells

Principle cells: reabsorbs NaCl

Principle Cells: Secretes Potassium

Collecting Duct: Intercalated Cells

Calcium Reabsorption

Aldosterone

Na+ Reabsorption (Aldosterone)

K+ Secretion (Aldosterone)

Angiotensin

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, Vasopressin)

Endothelin

Atrial Natruietic Peptide (ANP)

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Calcitonin