Chapter 9 Language

What is Language?

Non-verbal Communication

Psycholinguistics

Four Areas in Psycholinguistics

Properties of Language

Communicative property

Arbitrarily symbolic

Regularly structured

Structured at multiple levels

Generative property

Dynamic

Basic Components of Words and Sentences

Phonemes

Morpheme

Syntax

3 Approaches to Language Comprehension

Understanding Words
(hear sounds)

View of Speech Perception as Ordinary

Coordinating Visual and Auditory Perception

Understanding Meaning: Semantics

Understanding Sentences: Syntax

Syntactical Priming

Syntactic Ambiguity

Speech Errors

Analyzing Sentences: Phrase-Structure Grammar

3 Processes important for Reading
(recognize the letters)

Perceptual Issues in Reading

Lexical Processes

Fixations and Reading Speed

Lexical Access

When Reading is a Problem

Phonological Awareness

Phonological Reading

Phonological Coding

Demonstration of Reicher

Word Superiority Effect

Understanding Conversations & Essays: Discourse

Effects of Expectations in Reading

Comprehending Known Words: Retrieving Words Meaning from Memory

Comprehending Unknown Words: Deriving Meaning from Context

Comprehending Ideas: Propositional Representations

Representing Text in Mental Models