Renal Physiology- Physiology PMU- 2nd Year, 2nd Semester

1

The nephron:

1

The control of water excretion in the kidney is controlled by:

1

The kidneys have a direct effect on which of the following?

1

Glucose reabsorption occurs in the:

1

Renin is secreted by:

1

Renin release:

1

The glomerulus:

1

The acid-buffering power:

1

Urinary volume is increased with:

1

The following occurs in the proximal tubule of the nephron:

1

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH):

1

Regarding the kidneys:

1

Which of the following causes hyperkalemia

1

Glucose is reabsorbed:

1

Simulation of the sympathetic nerves cause the following effects;

1

The glomerular capillaries have the following functions:

1

Obligatory water loss from the body is:

1

Blood flow at rest is most for:

1

Renal blood flow is dependent on:

1

Which of the following substances has the highest renal clearance?

1

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is:

1

Which of the following ls involved in the regulation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

1

Water excretion by the kidney is due to:

1

Kidneys produce:

1

Increase in GFR occurs when there is:

1

The clearance (or ‘renal regulation') of which one of the following is not regulated by a hormone:

1

The kidneys filter from the blood every day about:

1

Direct control of water excretion in the kidney is controlled by:

1

Kidneys have a direct effect on which of the following:

1

The countercurrent exchange system includes:

1

Tubular reabsorption of a filtered substance is likely to be active rather than passive if:

1

The renal clearance of a substance:

1

In the fluid in the distal part of the proximal convoluted tubule:

1

Renal tubules normally reabsorb:

1

In the nephron, the osmolarity or the fluid in the:

1

Transport maximum (Tm) - limited reabsorption of a substance implies that its:

1

When a patient’s mean arterial blood pressure falls by 50%

1

The cells of the distal convoluted tubule:

1

Renal blood flow falls:

1

Urea:

1

The renal clearance of:

1

Aldosterone:

1

In healthy people, urinary:

1

The renal clearance

1

Secretion of renin:

1

Diabetes insipidus (deficiency of antldiuretic hormone) causes a fall in the:

1

Dialysis fluid used in the treatment of renal failure should contain the normal plasma levels of:

1

Long-standing obstruction of the urethra may cause:

1

Emptying of the bladder may be less effective if:

1

Drugs which interfere with active transport of sodium in the proximal tubule tend to increase:

1

A drug which inhibits carbonic anhydrase:

1

A patient with chronic renal failure usually has:

1

Cutting the sympathetic nerves to the bladder may cause:

1

Sudden (acute) renal failure differs from gradual (chronic) renal failure in that:

1

A long-standing increase in arterial pCO2 (respiratory acidosis) leads to:

1

The inhibition of the antidiurctic hormone (ADH), say by alcohol, would have what affect?

1

Reabsorption of amino acids from the filtrate requires many different protein carriers because:

1

Reabsorption (transport) of both N a‘“ and glucose together from the renal lumen is an example of:

1

Drinking a litre of water:

1

An acid-base buffer system:

1

Acidosis in a patient may lead to:

1

A rise in the osmolality of extracellular fluid may lead to:

1

A raised blood pH and bicarbonate level is consistent with:

1

A patient with partly compensated respiratory acidosis:

1

Sodium retention:

1

Sodium depletion differs from water depletion in that:

1

A high blood potassium level (hyperkalaemia):

1

A raised level of calcium in the blood (hypercalcaemia):

1

Thirst is stimulated by: