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Healthy diet
Carbohydrates and fats
Proteins
Mineral ions and vitamins
Malnourished
Metabolic rate
Metabolic rate depends on:
Semmelweis
Pathogens
Why are bacteria harmful?
Why are viruses harmful?
How do white blood cells defend against pathogens?
Why can't viruses by destroyed
by antibiotics?
How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?
Painkillers
Vaccine
How do vaccines
cause immunization
What does MMR vaccination protect you against?
How to ensure your bacteria culture is uncontaminated?
Why do people culture microorganisms?
What temperature should cultures be incubated in schools?
Why should cultures be grown at only 25 °C in schools?
(Higher temperature = More rapid growth)
Human nervous system
Receptors
Reflex actions
Central Nervous system
Reflex action description:
(From receptor to effector)
Effector
Conditions that need to be controlled in the body
How does water leave the body?
How do ions leave the body?
Why does temperature need to be maintained at a constant 37°C ?
Why do blood sugar levels need to be controlled?
Hormones
FSH
(Follicle stimulating hormone)
Oestrogen
LH
(Luteinising hormone)
What hormones do oral contraceptives contain?
IVF
(In-vitro fertilisation)
Plants are sensitive to:
Shoots
Roots
Auxin and phototropism
Auxin and geotropism
Use of plant growth hormones
Stages of drug testing
Blind trials
Double-blind trials
Statins
Thalidomide
Result of thalidomide tragedy
Legal, recreational drugs
Illegal, recreational drugs
Effects of the misuse of
illegal drugs
Effects of cannabis
Overall impact of legal drugs
Drugs
Performance enhancing drugs
Plants compete for:
Animals compete for:
Extremophiles
Adaptations of a polar bear:
Adaptations of a camel:
Cactus adaptations
Changes in environment affecting distribution of organisms
Organisms indicators of pollution
Non-living indicators of
environmental changes
What is the primary source
of energy?
Why biomass of organisms reduced at each stage in a food chain?
How are materials returned to
the environment?
Why do materials decay?
Optimum conditions
for decomposers
Stable community
Carbon cycle definition
Carbon cycle
Why are organisms similar to
their parents?
Chromosomes
Why do individuals have different characteristics?
Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Cuttings
Tissue culture
Embryo transplants
Adult cell cloning
Genetic engineering
GM crops
Concerns about GM crops
Darwin's theory of evolution
Why was Darwin's theory
gradually accepted?
Lamarck's theory
Natural selection
