Mer Scott
Quiz von , erstellt am more than 1 year ago

• Describe the structure and location of the pancreatic islets. • Outline the sequence of events that occurs when blood glucose concentration increases above or decreases below the reference range • Describe the effects of insulin on each type of target cell. • Compare the role of insulin and glucagon in the control of blood glucose concentration in the fed state and the fasting state. • Explain what diabetes mellitus is and distinguish between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.

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Mer Scott
Erstellt von Mer Scott vor etwa 7 Jahre
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L33 Pancreatic islets, insulin, glucagon, and diabetes

Frage 1 von 19

1

Which statement best describes the location of the pancreas?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • The pancreas sits under the larynx on the anterior of the trachea.

  • The pancreas sits in the abdominal cavity.

  • The pancreas sits in the C-shaped curve of the duodenum, with it's body extending behind the stomach.

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Frage 2 von 19

1

The pancreas is:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • an exocrine gland

  • an endocrine gland

  • both an exocrine and endocrine gland.

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Frage 3 von 19

1

The majority of the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 4 von 19

1

(Choose all correct options.)
Pancreatic islets:

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • make up 2% of the pancreas' mass

  • have 4 types of cells

  • have alpha cells which secrete insulin

  • have beta cells which secrete glucagon

  • are up to 1 million in number within the pancreas

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Frage 5 von 19

1

The reference range for blood glucose is between:

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 3.5 - 8 mmol/L

  • 3.5 - 6 mmol/L

  • 4 - 6 mmol/L

  • 5 - 10 mmol/L

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Frage 6 von 19

1

Glucose is the only fuel the brain can use.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 7 von 19

1

During the day, fuel use () is , but we only eat periodically. Hence, our blood glucose level throughout the day. We describe the two metabolic the body moves between as the fed state and the fasting state.
In the fed state there is of nutrients and metabolism taking place( of glycogen, protein and fat).
Vice versa, in the fasting state there is of nutrients and metabolism taking place( of glycogen, protein and fat.)

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    metabolism
    continuous
    changes
    states
    uptake
    anabolic
    synthesis
    mobilisation
    catabolic
    breakdown

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Frage 8 von 19

1

Choose the correct statements about insulin secretion.

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Insulin is secreted by beta cells when blood glucose concentration increases above the reference range.

  • Insulin release can be a negative-feedback pathway or a feed-forward pathway.

  • Carbohydrates being broken down into glucose during digestion triggers insulin release.

  • Target cells include everything but muscle and adipose tissue.

  • The beta cells are the sensor and integrator of the system.

  • Insulin is a lipid-soluble hormone with an intracellular receptor.

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Frage 9 von 19

1

Which of these is not a symptom of Type I Diabetes?

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • Hypoglycemia

  • Polyuria

  • Polydipsia

  • Polyphagia

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Frage 10 von 19

1

Insulin is the only hormone that can decrease blood glucose levels.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 11 von 19

1

Type I Diabetes is an autoimmune disease where insulin-producing alpha cells have been destroyed.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 12 von 19

1

The first treatments of insulin were on diabetic dogs. The first treatments of insulin to people were of crude insulin attained from bovine pancreases.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 13 von 19

1

Pure insulin can now be produced in vitro.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 14 von 19

1

Choose the incorrect statement about Type 2 Diabetes.

Wähle eine der folgenden:

  • 90% of Diabetes cases are Type 2.

  • It is becoming more prevalent in children.

  • Cells are resistant to insulin.

  • Risk factors for Type 2 are unknown.

  • Lifestyle changes can be used to treat Type 2.

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Frage 15 von 19

1

(Choose all correct.)
Hyperglycemia can cause:

Wähle eine oder mehr der folgenden:

  • Atherosclerosis (leading to heart attack, stroke)

  • Kidney Disease

  • Nerve Damage

  • Blindness

  • Muscular hypertrophy

  • Pulmonary Edema

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Frage 16 von 19

1

Glucagon is a peptide hormone with intracellular receptors.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 17 von 19

1

Glucagon causes an increase in glucose and ketone synthesis.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 18 von 19

1

Glucagon causes a breakdown of glycogen.

Wähle eins der folgenden:

  • WAHR
  • FALSCH

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Frage 19 von 19

1

is the synthesis of glucose, while is the breakdown of . Both are stimulated by .

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    Gluconeogenesis
    glycogenolysis
    glucagon
    glycogen

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