Chapter 10 - Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

[blank_start]____________[blank_end] environmental influences contribute most to positively tones temperamental attributes.

[blank_start]__________[blank_end] environmental influences contribute most to negatively toned temperamental attributes.

Shyness or behavioral inhibition describes children who adapt well to unfamiliar people, settings, or toys.

Uninhibited children display temperamental attrubutes that are calued more highly in Asian than in Western societies.

The infant's capability for [blank_start]___________[blank_end] is thought to be necessary for the development of all complex emotions.

The infant's [blank_start]_________[blank_end] are communicative signals that affect the behavior of caregivers.

The child's capability for [blank_start]_________________[blank_end] is necessary for the child to comply with emotional display rules.

A mother reprimands her child: "Alex, it is wrong to hit! It hurts other people's feelings. You need to go over and apologize and give that boy a hug." The child is more likely to feel [blank_start]_________[blank_end] but not [blank_start]_________[blank_end].

[blank_start]____________[blank_end] theory proposes that infants are attached once the caregiver attains the status of a secondary reinforcer.

[blank_start]__________[blank_end] theory proposes that infants protest separations when they cannot account for the caregiver's whereabouts.

[blank_start]___________[blank_end] theory proposes that the caregiver's feeding practices determine the strength of infant attachments.

[blank_start]_____________[blank_end] best summarizes how characteristics of infants and caregivers combine to influence attachment quality.

[blank_start]_______________[blank_end] has difficulty explaining why an infant might be securely attached to one parent and insecurely attached to the other parent.

[blank_start]____________[blank_end] claims that temperament influences attachment classification only when caregiving does not foster a secure attachment.

A developmental psychologist concludes that the distributions of attachments classifications vary across cultures and often reflect cultural differences in child-rearing practices. Based on what you have learned about attachment, would you conclude that the psychologist's conclusion is true?

More infants around the world establish one of the threee insecure types of attachment than secure attachment patterns.

An infant with a [blank_start]___________[blank_end] attachment will greet the mother warmly and seek physical contact with her when he is distressed

An infant with a [blank_start]__________[blank_end] attachment will turn away from and ignore her mother, even when the mother tries to get the infant's attention.

An infant with a [blank_start]__________[blank_end] attachment shows confusion about whether to approach or avoid her mother.

An infant with a [blank_start]_______[blank_end] attachment may seem angry with her mother and resist physical contact initiated by her mother.

Which of the following emotions is not present at birth?

Children must achieve the cognitive abilities of self-recognition and self-evaluation in order to experience which of the following emotions?

Each culture has [blank_start]___________[blank_end] that specify for children of each gender the appropriate intensity of emotion and the appropriate valence (positive or negative) of emotion that is acceptable in that culture.

A person's tendency to respond in predictable ways to encironmental events is known as

After the [blank_start]__________[blank_end], infants use ther attachment object as a secure base for exploration.

Which theory of attachment is currently considered the predominately accepted theory by developmental psychologists?

Which developmental milestone is generally thought to be nevessary before an infant will display sepatation anxiety?

A 1-year-old is being tested in a university lab. He is guided through a series of episodes during which his mother and a stranger come and go from the room in which he is playing. The baby is most likely being tested using the

Infants may form [blank_start]___________[blank_end] of themselves and of others, which are somewhat stable over time and influence their reactions to people and challenges for years to come.