1559786
Beschreibung
Quiz von Laurel McLaughlin, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Laurel McLaughlin
vor etwa 10 Jahre
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Frage 1
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A harmless fly develops colouration that makes it look like a poisonous wasp. This is an example of:
Image:
batesian_mimicry (image/jpg)
Antworten
-
Mullerian mimicry
-
Batesian mimicry
-
competitive avoidance
-
character displacement
Frage 2
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Which of the following interspecific interaction is NOT +/–?
Antworten
-
competition
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predation
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herbivory
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parasitism
Frage 3
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Allopatric species that use similar resources are likely to display character displacement.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 4
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Which of the following is the BEST example of a biological COMMUNITY?
Antworten
-
black bears in British Columbia and OntarioImage:black-bears (image/jpg)
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polar bears, seals and fish in Western Hudson BayImage:polar-bears (image/jpg)
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a group of zebra mussels in a lakeImage:zebra-mussels (image/jpg)
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none of the above
Frage 5
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A prey species starts producing a toxin in its skin after exposure to a predator. The toxin was not present until the predator arrives. This is an example of:
Antworten
-
a constitutive defence
-
a standing defence
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aposematic colouration
-
an inducible defence
Frage 6
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Three species of poisonous frogs have very similar colouration. This is an example of:
Antworten
-
Batesian mimicry
-
Mullerian mimicry
-
predator avoidance
-
colouration mimicry
Frage 7
Frage
When two species compete, which of the following is a possible outcome?
Antworten
-
competitive exclusion of one species
-
niche differentiation
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character displacement
-
all of the above
Frage 8
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Competitive exclusion often results from symmetric competition.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 9
Antworten
-
herbivore populations are limited to available nitrogen
-
some plant tissues are toxic
-
herbivore populations are limited by predators
-
all of the above
Frage 10
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Interspecific interaction between species (ie. parasitism, mutualism, competition) are constant. Once established, they do not change.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 11
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Dominance by a few species is more likely in a less diverse community.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
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All communities have dominant species.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
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Species diversity has two components: 1) species richness; 2) relative abundance/evenness.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 14
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Which community is most diverse? HINT: Read ‘25A’ as “25 individuals of Species A” and ‘25B’ as “25 individuals of Species B”, etc.
Antworten
-
community 4: 25A, 25B, 25C
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community 3: 25A, 20B, 50C, 5D
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community 1: 25A, 25B, 25C, 25D
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community 2: 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E
Frage 15
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Which one of these curves is representative of the most diverse community?
Antworten
-
Potash Brook
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Snipe Island Brook
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Centennial Brook
-
all are the same
Frage 16
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Data on an individual species’ frequency, density, basal area and biomass could be used to calculate what quantity?
Antworten
-
importance
-
Simpson's Index
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richness
-
evenness
Frage 17
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Which of the following statements about diversity indices is FALSE?
Antworten
-
they incorporate data on both number of species and evenness of species
-
the Shannon Index gives more weight to rare species
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evenness varies between 0 and 1
-
they do not account for dominant species
Frage 18
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Keystone species influence community structure because they are always abundant.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 19
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If the presence of a keystone predator increases diversity, it is likely preying on:
Antworten
-
bioengineers
-
superior competitors
-
tolerant competitors
-
inferior competitors
Frage 20
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Keystone species can affect their communities by:
Antworten
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affecting inter-species interaction
-
modifying habitat
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affecting inter-community interactions
-
all of the above
Frage 21
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In a three-step food chain subject to top-down control, you have fish that eat zooplankton that eat algae. What is likely to happen if the fish are removed?
Antworten
-
algae abundance increases
-
zooplankton abundance decreases
-
algae abundance decreases
-
all of the above
Frage 22
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You add fertilizer to an experimental plot. Plant growth increases, and you observe that the number of herbivores and carnivores increases. This is an example of:
Antworten
-
bottom-up control
-
top-down control
-
the energetic hypothesis
-
omnivory
Frage 23
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Several species of fish in a lake eat plankton. This group can be referred to as:
Antworten
-
omnivores
-
a cohort
-
a guild
-
a feeding group
Frage 24
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A species is fished out of a lake, and another species fills its niche and role in the food web. This is an example of:
Image:
fishing (image/jpg)
Antworten
-
bottom-up control
-
functional redundancy
-
top-down control
-
facultative redundancy
Frage 25
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Understanding how the decline of sea otters affected kelp forests in the Pacific leads us to conclude that:
Antworten
-
sea otters are subject to density-independent factors
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sea otters are bioengineers
-
sea otters are keystone prey
-
sea otters are keystone predators
Frage 26
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If the intermediate disturbance hypothesis is true, communities that experience intermediate disturbance levels have:
Antworten
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shorter food chains
-
higher species diversity
-
more competitive exclusion
-
no slow-colonizing species
Frage 27
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An early colonizing plant species modifies the soil environment such that larger vascular plants can colonize. This is an example of:
Antworten
-
negative allelopathy
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facilitation
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tolerance
-
inhibition
Frage 28
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In which of the following is competition used to explain successional patterns?
Antworten
-
inhibition
-
tolerance
-
facilitation
-
both A and B
Frage 29
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If the initial floristic composition hypothesis is true, we would expect community succession to:
Antworten
-
end in a predictable, stable climax community
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not depend on competition
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be affected by which species arrive first
-
all of the above
Frage 30
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In succession, species diversity always increases over time.
Image:
succession.gif (image/gif)
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 31
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Which of the following statements about the resource-ratio hypothesis is TRUE:
Antworten
-
species that grow quickly are favoured throughout succession
-
availability of nutrients decreases over time
-
availability of light decreases over time
-
competition does not affect successional outcomes
Frage 32
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A farmer cuts down part of a forest to make a field. The abrupt border between the forest and field is BEST characterized as:
Antworten
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an ecotone
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a core area
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an induced edge
-
an inherent edge
Frage 33
Frage
A farmer cuts down part of a forest to make a field, but plants species diversity remains constant for almost 10 years before deciding. This is BEST characterized as an example of:
Antworten
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matrix effects
-
a border effect
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the relaxation effect
-
area-intensive species
Frage 34
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Two species cannot coexist permanently in a community if their niches are identical.
Antworten
- True
- False
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