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All health professionals are bound by the NSW health privacy manual for health info
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Privacy is the right to be left alone or to "withhold ourselves and our lives from public scrutiny"
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Confidentiality is the protection of personal info
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Privacy is the protection of personal info
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Confidentiality is the right to be left alone or to "withhold ourselves and our lives from public scrutiny"
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Privacy is more to do with physical means and confidentiality is more to do with information
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8 Ways to privacy and dignity NSW health
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Make patients/woman and their carers welcome
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communicate frequently with patients and carers
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Protect patient privacy during consultation and treatment
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respect the needs of dying patients and their carers
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respect culture and beliefs
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manage noise for patient/women comfort
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avoid mixed gender accomodation
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provide single sex bathrooms
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maintain discomfort for patient/women
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Select two most relevant health polices to confidentiality and privacy
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Health records and information privacy act 2002 is an act most relevant to health privacy and confidentiality
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Definition of personal information (privacy act) = 'info or an opinion about an identified individual or an individual who is reasonably identifiable'
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information regarding a patient whether factual or not, or based on opinion is still part of the privacy act.
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personal information is about personal life, work life, name, address, signature, email, phone, salary, job, title etc.
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personal information is not about personal life, work life, name, address, signature, email, phone, salary, job, title etc.
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Health information of a person is considered sensitive information under the privacy act.
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Sensitive info includes info about religious beliefs or sexual orientation etc
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The patient does not own their own health record but they have the right to access it
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The health records and info privacy act covers the code of conduct, privacy manual and privacy info leaflet for staff
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The health records and info privacy act provides info that staff must not intentionally disclose any info regarding a patients health
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Once commenced employment, what do you need to sign to ensure your confidentiality and privacy?
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Disclosures can be legally made when: select 3
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Notifiable diseases
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Court order or subpoena
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Child abuse
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Sex offenders
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Disclosure in the public interest when (select 4)
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serious or imminent threat
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Threat to an identifiable third party
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Disclosure is made to a responsible authority
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risk of genetic disposition
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drug or alcohol abuse
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Disclosures must be given when in the public interest or to prevent illegal activity.
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Clinical reasoning is the process by which nurses, midwives and other clinicians collect cues, process the info, come to an understanding of a patient problem or situation, plan and implement interventions, evaluate outcomes and reflect on and learn from the process.
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Clinical reasoning is not a linear process but rather a series of spiral of linked and ongoing clinical encounters
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The first part of the clinical reasoning cycle is to consider the patient situation
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The second part of the clinical reasoning cycle is to consider the patient situation
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The second part of the clinical reasoning cycle is to collect cues/information
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clinical reasoning cycle - second part 'Collect cues/info - review current info, gather new info, recall knowledge ie to physio, patho, pharmacology etc.
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Anchoring: settling on the first piece of information rather than what else we might find out
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Ascertainment bias: thinking shaped by prior assumptions, biases, stereotypes.
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Confirmation bias: When we look at or for data than confirms our prior assumptions rather than for something that disproves or does not confirm what we think we know.
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Diagnostic momentum: labels, once attached, become stickier and stickier
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Fundamental attribution error: tendency to blame people for their behaviour or health problems and exclude external factors and to do the reverse for themselves
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Diagnostic momentum: Fundamental attribution error: tendency to blame people for their behaviour or health problems and exclude external factors and to do the reverse for themselves
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Overconfidence bias: when we think we know more than we do about a situation which may lead to ignoring cues in favour of opinion of hunches
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Confirmation bias: when we think we know more than we do about a situation which may lead to ignoring cues in favour of opinion of hunches
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Premature closure: when we diagnose the problem too early and not consider reasonable alternatives
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Psych out error: people with mental illness are vulnerable to CR error, especially when physiological causes and symptoms of serious medical conditions are missed because it was assumed are related to their pre-existing mental illness
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Unpacking principle: poor history taking and missed cues leads to diagnostic errors
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Ascertainment bias: Unpacking principle: poor history taking and missed cues leads to diagnostic errors