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Quiz von Deana Heitkamp, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Deana Heitkamp
vor mehr als 5 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
What happens to the membrane portion of a vesicle after it fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents during exocytosis?
Antworten
-
it becomes part of the plasma membrane
-
it is ejected from the cell
-
it is transported to another cell
-
it is digested by lysosomes
Frage 2
Frage
Osmosis is the movement of water
Antworten
-
across extracellular space
-
from a large volume to a small volume
-
throughout the cytoplasm
-
from a compartment with a high concentration of water to one with low concentration of water
-
from a region with a low concentration of water to one with a high concentration of water
Frage 3
Frage
Which of the following is/are directly involved in the movement of flagella and cilia?
Antworten
-
molecular motors
-
microtubules
-
ribosomes
-
molecular motors and microtubules
-
motors, microtubules, and ribosomes
Frage 4
Frage
Which of the following links the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton?
Antworten
-
cholesterol molecules
-
transport proteins
-
actin filaments
-
microtubules
-
integrin proteins
Frage 5
Frage
Which of the following would most likely affect the rate of simple diffusion?
Antworten
-
temperature
-
hydroxide ion concentration
-
isomerization
-
pH
Frage 6
Frage
Biological membranes are composed of
Antworten
-
Phospholipids
-
protein
-
nucleic acid
-
phopholipids and proteins
-
phopholipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Frage 7
Frage
A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will
Antworten
-
change color
-
move to a isotonic solution by diffusion
-
expand and possibly explode
-
stay the same shape
-
shrivel up
Frage 8
Frage
Nucelar pores are functionally important because they facilitate
Antworten
-
endocytosis
-
protein synthesis
-
transcription of mRNA
-
the movement of mRNA molecules form the nucleus into the cytoplasm
-
exocytosis
Frage 9
Frage
Membrane ion channels are an example of
Antworten
-
co-transport
-
active transport
-
ion exchangers
-
facilitated diffusion
-
carrier transport
Frage 10
Frage
Which of the following allow for the exchange of various molecules between plant cells?
Antworten
-
xylem
-
gap junctions
-
tight junctions
-
plasmodesmata
-
desmosomes
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following are found within both mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Antworten
-
DNA
-
ribosomes
-
centrosomes
-
DNA and ribosomes
-
DNA, ribosomes, and centrosomes
Frage 12
Frage
The release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse is an example of
Antworten
-
phagocytosis
-
exocytosis
-
receptor-mediated endocytosis
-
pinocytosis
-
endocytosis
Frage 13
Frage
The energy for active transport comes from
Antworten
-
cytoskeleton
-
ATP
-
pH
-
heat
Frage 14
Frage
Which transport mechanism is capable of bringing an entire cell into another, and most likely larger, cell?
Antworten
-
receptor-mediated endocytosis
-
phagocytosis
-
co-transport
-
pinocytosis
Frage 15
Frage
Plasma membrane integral proteins may be anchored in place by
Antworten
-
cytoskeletal proteins
-
unsaturated phospholipids
-
cholesterol molecules
-
saturated phospholipids
-
glycoproteins
Frage 16
Frage
When a plant cell is exposed to an extracellular solution that is hypotonic, what part of the cell keeps it from rupturing?
Antworten
-
chloroplasts
-
cell wall
-
plasma membrane
-
mitochondria
-
central vacuole
Frage 17
Frage
Water cannot flow across phospholipid bilayers by simple diffusion because
Antworten
-
phosphate groups within the core of the membrane repel water molecules
-
fatty acids are too viscous
-
the concentration of water is always the same inside and outside of a cell
-
the fatty tails within the core of the membrane is hydrophobic
-
water molecules are attracted and bind to the polar head groups
Frage 18
Frage
A white blood cell can ingest a bacterial cell by the process of
Antworten
-
receptor mediated hydrolysis
-
halitosis
-
exocytosis
-
pinocytosis
-
phagocytosis
Frage 19
Frage
Microtubules are important for
Antworten
-
the structure of flagella and cilia
-
centriole structure
-
the movement of ions across the plasma membrane
-
structure of flagella and cilia and centriole
-
structure of flagella and cilia and centriole and movement of ions
Frage 20
Frage
A co-transporter membrane protein, for example the sodium-glucose transporter, typically uses which of the following to move molecules across the plasma membrane?
Antworten
-
molecular motors
-
hydrolysis
-
glycosylation
-
ion gradients
Frage 21
Frage
A major function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is
Antworten
-
synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize soluble proteins
-
sequestration and release of calcium ions
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins
-
protein modification
Frage 22
Frage
The major function of the mitochondria is to synthesize
Antworten
-
ATP
-
proteins
-
nucleic acids
-
organic compounds
-
glucose
Frage 23
Frage
Which of the following directly require ATP hydrolysis to function?
Antworten
-
Na/K ATPase
-
molecular motors
-
ion channels
-
Na/K ATPase and molecular motors
-
all
Frage 24
Frage
The sodium/potassium ATPase is considered electrogenic because
Antworten
-
it produces an electrical potential across the plamsa membrane
-
hydrolysis of ATP results in the release of negatively charged inorganic phosphate molecules
-
it requires the presence of a membrane potential for its normal function
-
an electrical potential is required for ATP synthesis
Frage 25
Frage
Which of the following allows for the exchange of ions between animal cells?
Antworten
-
tight junctions
-
plasmodesmata
-
xylem
-
gap junctions
-
desmosomes
Frage 26
Frage
Which characteristic of phospholipids contributes to the fluidity of the membrane?
Antworten
-
the size of the polar head group
-
the type of extracellular sugar molecules attached to the protein
-
the number of peptide bonds
-
the relative composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
-
pH
Frage 27
Frage
In what way does receptor-mediated endocytosis differ from phagocytosis?
Antworten
-
it does not invovle vesicle formation
-
in transports only fluid
-
phagocytosis can also expel substances from a cell
-
it brings into the cell only specifically targeted substances
Frage 28
Frage
The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is to
Antworten
-
synthesize soluble proteins
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins
-
synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins and proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize soluble, integral membrane, and secretion proteins
Frage 29
Frage
Tight junctions
Antworten
-
allow for the transfer of water and ions between animal cells
-
facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of animal cells
-
facilitate the diffusion of ions into and out of plant cells
-
prevent solution/fluid from moving between the plasma membranes of two animal cells
Frage 30
Frage
The plant cell wall is mostly composed of
Antworten
-
glycagon
-
amylose
-
cellulose
-
glycogen
-
amylopectin
Frage 31
Frage
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes?
Antworten
-
Smooth ER
-
lysosome
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Rough ER
-
mitochondria
Frage 32
Frage
Chromatin within the nucleus of a cell contains
Antworten
-
DNA
-
histone proteins
-
RNA
-
DNA and histone proteins
-
DNA, histone proteins, and RNA
Frage 33
Frage
Which of the following is/are examples of "bulk transport"?
Antworten
-
pinocytosis
-
phagocytosis
-
receptor-mediated endocytosis
-
All of the above
Frage 34
Frage
Portions of an integral membrane protein that typically pass through biological membranes are in the form of
Antworten
-
a 9+2 microtubule arrangement
-
alpha helices with polar side chains
-
alpha helices with mostly non-polar side chains
-
beta-pleated sheets with polar side chains
-
complex, three dimensional shapes
Frage 35
Frage
How do gasses move through plasma membranes?
Antworten
-
co-transport
-
aquaporins
-
ion channels
-
simple diffusion
Frage 36
Frage
The core of a phospholipid bilayer is
Antworten
-
anthropomorhpic
-
polarized
-
hydrophilic
-
amphipathic
-
hydrophobic
Frage 37
Frage
Proteins are transported between the cistern of the Golgi apparatus by
Antworten
-
intermediate filaments attached to the cis face
-
vesicles
-
microfilaments
-
microtubules
-
molecular motors
Frage 38
Frage
Free ribosomes within the cytoplasm
Antworten
-
synthesize soluble mRNA molecules
-
synthesize proteins destined for secretion
-
synthesize integral membrane proteins
-
synthesize soluble proteins
Frage 39
Frage
The nuclear envelope is notable because it
Antworten
-
lacks phospholipids
-
is constructed with DNA
-
lacks integral membrane proteins
-
is a double membrane
Frage 40
Frage
How does the sodium/potassium ATPase make the inside of a cell negatively charged?
Antworten
-
by pumping more sodium ions out of the cell than pumping potassium ions into the cell
-
by pumping into the cell a large number of anions
-
by pumping an equal number of ions in and out of the cell
-
by pumping out anions
Frage 41
Frage
Simple diffusion is best characterized by
Antworten
-
the passive movement of a particle from a region of high concentration to low concentration
-
the active transfer of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
-
the passive movement of a particle from a region of low concentration to high
-
the equilibrium state occurring between two compartments of equal concentration
Frage 42
Frage
Photosynthesis is performed in which of the following organelles?
Antworten
-
mitochondria
-
Rough ER
-
christae
-
Golgi apparatus
-
chloroplasts
Frage 43
Frage
Which of the following intracellular structures most likely contributes to the mechanisms of endocytosis and exocytosis?
Antworten
-
Golgi apparatus
-
nucleolus
-
ribosomes
-
chloroplasts
-
cytoskeleton
Frage 44
Frage
Phosphorylation of the sodium/potassium pump by ATP hydrolysis
Antworten
-
underlies the pumping of Na and K ions by electrostatic repulsion
-
activates molecular motors
-
changes the shape/confirmation of the protein, permitting the pumping cycle to move forward
-
increases the viscosity of the local phospholipid bilayer
-
attracts Na and k ions to their respective binding sites
Frage 45
Frage
Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?
Antworten
-
Rough ER
-
plasma membrane
-
nucleus
-
cholorplast
-
Golgi apparatus
Frage 46
Frage
Sheets of animal cells are held together by
Antworten
-
gap junctions
-
desmosomes
-
fibronectin
-
plasmodesmata
-
integrins
Frage 47
Frage
Where in a eukaryotic cell would polysaccharides most likely be added to a newly synthesized protein?
Antworten
-
mitochondria
-
Smooth ER
-
Rough ER
-
ribosomes
-
Golgi apparatus
Frage 48
Frage
Which of the following are found in a typical bacterial cell?
Antworten
-
ribosomes
-
mitochondria
-
cell wall
-
ribosomes and cell wall
-
ribosomes, mitochondria, and cell wall
Frage 49
Frage
Active transport of sodium and potassium ions out of and into a cell, respectively, requires
Antworten
-
hydrolysis of ATP
-
movement of phospholipids across the plasma membrane
-
phosphorylation of ATP
-
ATP synthesis
-
the presence of a membrane potential
Frage 50
Frage
Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
Antworten
-
transfer of gases from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm
-
movement of carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane
-
efflux of sodium and the influx of potassium by the Na/K ATPase
-
carrier transport of glucose
-
proton pump extrusion of hydrogen ions
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