1823989
Frage 1
Frage
What monomer units make up the DNA molecule?
Antworten
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Nucleotides
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Monosaccharides
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Amino acids
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Phospholipids
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the four nucleotide bases are purine bases?
Antworten
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Adenine
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Guanine
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Cytosine
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Thymine
Frage 3
Frage
How many carbon rings do purine bases have?
Antworten
-
One
-
Two
Frage 4
Frage
Which of the four bases are pyramidine bases?
Antworten
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Adenine
-
Guanine
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Cytosine
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Thymine
Frage 5
Frage
How many carbon rings do pyramidine bases have?
Antworten
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One
-
Two
Frage 6
Frage
In which direction do the nucleotide chains run in?
Antworten
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5' to 3'
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3' to 5'
Frage 7
Frage
What type of sequences do restriction enzymes recognize?
Antworten
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Palindromic sequences
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Repetitive sequences
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Sequences that only occur once in the whole of our genome
Frage 8
Frage
All restriction enzymes recognize the same sequence. True or false?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 9
Frage
Restriction enzymes that cut in the middle of the palindrome leave....
Antworten
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Blunt ends
-
Sticky ends
Frage 10
Frage
Restriction enzymes that cut at the end of the palindrome leave......
Antworten
-
Sticky ends
-
Blunt ends
Frage 11
Frage
What enzyme could be considered the opposite to a restriction enzyme?
Antworten
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RNA polymerase
-
DNA ligase
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DNA polymerase
Frage 12
Frage
How do restriction enzymes cut DNA?
Antworten
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They hydrolyse the phosphdiester backbone
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They perform a condensation reaction on the phosphodiester backbone
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They hydrolyse the hydrogen bonds between DNA bases
Frage 13
Frage
What type of bonds does DNA ligase form in DNA?
Antworten
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Phosphodiester bonds
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Hydrogen bonds
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Peptide bonds
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Triple carbon bonds
Frage 14
Frage
What is the main piece of equipment required for gel electrophoresis?
Antworten
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Agrose gel plate
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Test tube
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Restriction enzyme
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DNA primers
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Free nucleotides
Frage 15
Frage
What is gel electrophoresis used for?
Antworten
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To determine the size of DNA fragments
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To map out plasmids
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To replicate large amounts of DNA
Frage 16
Frage
Are DNA fragments positively or negatively charged?
Antworten
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Positively
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Negatively
Frage 17
Frage
Which end of the agrose gel plate will the DNA samples move towards?
Antworten
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The positive end
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The negative end
Frage 18
Frage
Which fragments will move further during gel electrophoresis?
Antworten
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Smaller ones
-
Larger ones
Frage 19
Frage
What are restriction maps used for?
Antworten
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To map out plasmids
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To determine the size of fragments of DNA
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To replicate large amounts of DNA
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To discover new restriction enzymes
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To isolate restriction enzymes for later use
Frage 20
Frage
If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in one place only, how many fragments of the plasmid will there be in total?
Antworten
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One
-
Two
-
Three
-
Not enough information
Frage 21
Frage
If a restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid in two places only, how many plasmid fragments will there be?
Antworten
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One
-
Two
-
Three
-
Not enough information
Frage 22
Frage
What is Polyermerase Chain Reaction (PCR) used for?
Antworten
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Replicating known sequences of DNA
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Replicating unknown sequences of DNA
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Mapping out DNA sequence on a plasmid
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Cutting DNA at a particular sequence
Frage 23
Frage
What is missing from this list of what is required to complete PCR? Template, 2 primers, free nucleotides, buffer.
Antworten
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DNA polymerase
-
RNA polymerase
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More primers
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DNA ligase
Frage 24
Frage
What are the three stages of PCR?
Antworten
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Denaturation
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Annealing
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Extension
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Replication
-
Repetition
Frage 25
Frage
What temperature should denauration take place at in PCR?
Antworten
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95 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Frage 26
Frage
At what temperature should the annealing stage of PCR take place at?
Antworten
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95 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Frage 27
Frage
At what temperature should the extension stage of PCR taken place at?
Antworten
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90 degrees
-
50-65 degrees
-
72 degrees
Frage 28
Frage
If there were four strands of DNA in the PCR before one cycle, how many would there be after the cycle has completed?
Antworten
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Four
-
Eight
-
Sixteen
Frage 29
Frage
What is the purpose of the denaturation stage of PCR?
Antworten
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To separate the strands of DNA
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To damage the DNA so that it cannot replicate as it would do in the cell
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To heat the DNA until it is no longer able to code for specific proteins
Frage 30
Frage
What enzyme extends the DNA strand during the extension phase of PCR?
Antworten
-
DNA polymerase
-
RNA polymerase
-
DNA ligase
Frage 31
Frage
When would you use cloning instead of PCR to replicate DNA?
Antworten
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When there are more than 1000 base pairs in the sequence
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When the base sequence is unknown
-
When the base sequence in known
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When the base sequence contains too many repetitions
Frage 32
Frage
Why is E. coli often used in the cloning process?
Antworten
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Because it grows rapidly in cheap material
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Because it is the easiest bacteria to make safe for human use
-
Because it is easy to extract the DNA from
-
Because it is easy to re-insert the plasmid into
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Because it is a very common bacteria
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Because it has no cell membranes
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