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FINAL

Beschreibung

Chapter 3,12,14
Lilly Coleman
Quiz von Lilly Coleman, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Lilly Coleman
Erstellt von Lilly Coleman vor fast 5 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Transthoracic echocardiogram is a
Antworten
  • Ultrasound of the heart
  • Non-invasive study that allows us to examine the heart, valves, and great vessels
  • Relatively quick and reliable
  • All of the above

Frage 2

Frage
Ultrasound is a sound wave with a frequency greater than ____
Antworten
  • 20 hertz
  • 200 hertz
  • 2,000 hertz
  • 20,000 hertz

Frage 3

Frage
In order to achieve real-time, continuous movement, ____
Antworten
  • Decrease depth
  • Do not utilize the zoom feature
  • Utilize the largest field of vision possible
  • Utilize the lowest frame rate possible

Frage 4

Frage
The ____ transmits and receives ultrasound pulses that collide with structures, such as the heart walls and valves.
Antworten
  • Transducer
  • Matching layer
  • Near field
  • Ultrasound unit monitor

Frage 5

Frage
When the beam reaches half of its original diameter, the focus is reached; and then beyond that, the far field offers the best resolution.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 6

Frage
The pediatric transducer typically utilized a ___ frequency transducer that provides excellent resolution, while adult transducer utilizes a ___ frequency transducer that provides better depth penetration.
Antworten
  • High/low
  • Low/high

Frage 7

Frage
If the transducer is place too high during the apical views, ___ may result.
Antworten
  • False positive mitral Valve prolapse
  • Foreshortening
  • Oblong images of the heart
  • Pericardial effusion

Frage 8

Frage
The best 2D image is produced when the transducer is parallel to the structure being examined.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 9

Frage
Echo windows are determined by the patients physique and sometimes the sonographer needs to practice flexibility and patience in order to find the proper window.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 10

Frage
2D Echo allows us to visualize the relationship between the heart structures in real time.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 11

Frage
The indicators that travel down the side of the 2D image represent ___ and each indicator is equal to ___ centimeters.
Antworten
  • Depth/ one
  • Gray scale/ one
  • Heart structures/ one
  • Time/ one

Frage 12

Frage
M-mode produces an icepick image of the heart and displays it in the form of a time/depth graph.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 13

Frage
M-mode is utilized for timing events of the cardiac cycle.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 14

Frage
M-mode produces a two-dimensional graph of the heart.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 15

Frage
The ASE recommends M-mode dimensions, not 2D dimensions.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 16

Frage
Doppler Echo utilizes ultrasound to record the velocity and direction of the blood flow.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 17

Frage
The CFD appearance is based on ___
Antworten
  • 2D image quality
  • Blood flow velocity
  • Color map
  • All of the above

Frage 18

Frage
In most labs, flow traveling toward the transducer is ___, and flow traveling away from the transducer is ___.
Antworten
  • Blue/ Red
  • Red/ Blue

Frage 19

Frage
____ Doppler is used to measure blood flow from a specific site that is < 2 m/s
Antworten
  • Continuous wave
  • High-pulsed repetition frequency
  • Non-imaging continuous wave
  • Pulsed Wave

Frage 20

Frage
___ Doppler is superimposed, steerable, and measures any velocity making it ideal for performing valve calculations.
Antworten
  • Continuous wave
  • High-pulsed repetition frequency
  • PEDOF
  • Pulsed wave

Frage 21

Frage
Continuous wave Doppler detects flow from a specific sample volume.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 22

Frage
Aliasing occurs when the velocity is > 2 m/s while using ___ Doppler.
Antworten
  • Continuous wave
  • PEDOF
  • pulsed
  • spectral

Frage 23

Frage
What similarities do PWD and CWD share?
Antworten
  • Both are steerable and superimposed on the 2D image
  • Both have range ambiguity and aliasing when the velocity is > 2 m/s
  • Both use a focus and measure any velocity flow
  • Both use a gate and measure high velocity flow

Frage 24

Frage
The PEDOF probe is a non-imaging probe; therefore, the sonographer must rely on the ___
Antworten
  • Placement of the cursor on the 2D image
  • Position & angle of the probe and waveform in comparison to the EKG
  • Size of the Doppler gate
  • Image on the screen

Frage 25

Frage
According to the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission (IAC), the non-imaging CWD probe must be utilized in the assessment of AS or suspected AS from multiple locations, to include the apex, suprasternal notch, and right parasternal border.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 26

Frage
What is your most important responsibility during exercise electrocardiography?
Antworten
  • Providing for safety
  • Applying the leads
  • Monitoring the ECG tracing
  • Taking the patients blood pressure

Frage 27

Frage
Which of the following conditions would be a reason that a patient should not perform exercise electrocardiography?
Antworten
  • Coronary vascular disease
  • Previous heart attack
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Previous symptoms of angina

Frage 28

Frage
What type of test would be performed on a patient who is unable to stand or exercise?
Antworten
  • Chemical (pharmacologic) stress test
  • Blood pressure test
  • Treadmill stress test
  • Stress electrocardiogram

Frage 29

Frage
During exercise electrocardiography, your patient appears to be short of breath. After informing the physician of your suspicions, what would you do?
Antworten
  • Continue the test
  • Take the patient’s blood pressure
  • Ask the patient to stop exercise portion of the test
  • Discretely count the respiratory rate and compare to the previous rate

Frage 30

Frage
Mr. Jones is on several medications and is scheduled for an exercise electrocardiography test tomorrow. What should you do first to determine if he should take his medications prior to the test.
Antworten
  • Check the chart order
  • Ask the physician
  • Instruct the patient not to take his beta blocker medications
  • Mr. jones should take all of his medications because they are necessary for his treatment

Frage 31

Frage
A beta blocker is
Antworten
  • A protocol for exercise electrocardiography
  • A medication for hypertension
  • Necessary when performing exercise electrocardiography
  • A type of ultrasound

Frage 32

Frage
Which of the following is measured during exercise electrocardiography?
Antworten
  • Blood pressure and temperature
  • Blood pressure and weight
  • 12-lead ECG and weight
  • 12-Lead ECG and blood pressure

Frage 33

Frage
When educating the female patient for exercise electrocardiography, you should instruct her not to wear
Antworten
  • Shorts
  • Tennis shoes
  • An underwire bra
  • Comfortable clothing

Frage 34

Frage
Patients should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 8 hours prior to exercise electrocardiography
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 35

Frage
Patients should be encouraged to report any symptoms such as shortness of breath, weakness, dizziness, or fatigue during exercise electrocardiography.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 36

Frage
After exercise electrocardiography, the patient should not take a hot bath or shower for at least 2 hours
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 37

Frage
You should discuss the results of the exercise electrocardiography with the patient as soon as the results are available.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 38

Frage
Patients should wear comfortable, casual clothing on the day of the test, including tennis shoes and loose-fitting pants.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 39

Frage
You should attach the leads to the chest at the same sites as you would for an ambulatory monitor.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 40

Frage
Emergency equipment should be available in the room or nearby during exercise electrocardiography
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 41

Frage
A [blank_start]chemical stress test[blank_end] is an exercise electrocardiography that is invasive because of injection of a substance to view the vessels around the heart
Antworten
  • chemical stress test

Frage 42

Frage
The middle layer of the heart, composed of muscle tissue is the [blank_start]myocardium[blank_end]
Antworten
  • myocardium

Frage 43

Frage
A [blank_start]beta blocker[blank_end] is a medication used to treat hypertension
Antworten
  • beta blocker

Frage 44

Frage
Another name for high blood pressure is [blank_start]hypertension[blank_end]
Antworten
  • hypertension

Frage 45

Frage
A stress test in which radioactive tracers are injected to trace the path of blood through the heart is a [blank_start]nuclear stress test[blank_end]
Antworten
  • nuclear stress test

Frage 46

Frage
Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow is [blank_start]angina[blank_end]
Antworten
  • angina

Frage 47

Frage
Abnormal cardiac rhythm is called [blank_start]dysrhythmia[blank_end]
Antworten
  • dysrhythmia

Frage 48

Frage
A [blank_start]cardiologist[blank_end] is a physician who specializes in the study of the heart
Antworten
  • cardiologist

Frage 49

Frage
Failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissue is [blank_start]congestive heart failure[blank_end]
Antworten
  • congestive heart failure

Frage 50

Frage
Accumulation of plaque and fatty deposits in the coronary arteries that results in reduced blood flow and oxygenation of the heart is [blank_start]coronary vascular disease[blank_end]
Antworten
  • coronary vascular disease

Frage 51

Frage
An echocardiogram is a non invasive diagnostics test that uses ultrasound waves to provide images of the heart and blood vessels
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 52

Frage
A false positive is a diagnostic test result that indicates that disease is present when in reality no disease is present
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 53

Frage
[blank_start]THR[blank_end] is calculated by subtracting the patient’s age from 220, then multiplying that number by a percentage between 60 and 85 as directed by the physician
Antworten
  • THR

Frage 54

Frage
A noninvasive procedure requires entrance into a body cavity, tissue, or blood vessel.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 55

Frage
A Naughton protocol is most commonly utilized for a stress test
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 56

Frage
A modified Bruce protocol is most often used during a stress test for patients with an exercise capacity limited by cardiac disease.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 57

Frage
A 12-Lead ECG is obtained toward the beginning of each stage of exercise electrocardiography
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 58

Frage
After a stress test, the patient should avoid alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine for at least 3 hours
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 59

Frage
A patient should take all of his prescribed medications on the day of his stress test unless the physician directs otherwise.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 60

Frage
All chest pain is cardiac in origin
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 61

Frage
Angina is the heart’s way of complaining it needs more oxygen
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 62

Frage
All acute myocardial infarctions present with ST segment elevation
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 63

Frage
The A in SAMPLE refers to allergies
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 64

Frage
Patients must sign a consent for procedures before receiving narcotics.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 65

Frage
Fibrinolytic agents may be used on any patient
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 66

Frage
Beta blockers decrease heart rate and blood pressure
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 67

Frage
The circumflex artery supplies blood to the right atrium and ventricle
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 68

Frage
What is the name of the innermost layer of an artery?
Antworten
  • Tunica media
  • Tunica adventitia
  • Tunica os
  • Tunica intima

Frage 69

Frage
Which major coronary artery and vessel supplies blood to both ventricles?
Antworten
  • Circumflex artery
  • Left anterior descending artery
  • Right descending artery
  • Right main and marginal arteries

Frage 70

Frage
Which of the following complaints may be cardiac in origin?
Antworten
  • Jaw pain
  • Nausea
  • Indigestion
  • All of the above

Frage 71

Frage
Symptoms of unstable angina include which of the following?
Antworten
  • Chest pain that lasts longer than 20 minutes
  • More frequent or severe chest pain
  • Chest pain that occurs with less exertion
  • All of the answers are correct

Frage 72

Frage
Which three groups of patients often present with atypical symptoms of MI?
Antworten
  • Women, infants, and children
  • Women, elderly patients, and patients with diabetes
  • Men, women, and children with diabetes
  • All of the answers are correct

Frage 73

Frage
Due to damage to blood vessels, patients with diabetes are ____ as likely as a non diabetic individual to experience a stroke or heart attack
Antworten
  • 10 times
  • 5 times
  • Twice
  • Not

Frage 74

Frage
Which of the following are included when referring to acute coronary syndrome?
Antworten
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and stable angina
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and diabetes
  • STEMI, NSTEMI, and CVA

Frage 75

Frage
What percentage of patients may present with STEMI?
Antworten
  • 20-40
  • 40-45
  • 75-80
  • 100

Frage 76

Frage
What percentage of patients may present with NSTEMI?
Antworten
  • 20-25
  • 40-45
  • 75-80
  • 100

Frage 77

Frage
Heart failure is simply defined as ___
Antworten
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Pulmonary failure
  • Pump failure

Frage 78

Frage
Which type of heart failure causes fluid to back up in the lungs, causing pulmonary edema?
Antworten
  • Right atrial
  • Right ventricular
  • Left atrial
  • Left ventricular

Frage 79

Frage
Mnemonic devices are commonly used in medicine to ____
Antworten
  • Create a complex tool for specialists only
  • Decrease communication and efficiency of patient care
  • Increase the amount of time before the patient receives care
  • Increase efficiency and present a more logical flow to patient care

Frage 80

Frage
Which of the following would not be done during patient assessment and initial treatment of a cardiac patient ?
Antworten
  • Obtain a 12-Lead ECG
  • Start oxygen
  • Obtain the vital signs
  • Obtain a urine specimen

Frage 81

Frage
Nitroglycerin causes blood vessels to ___ and blood pressure to ___.
Antworten
  • Constrict, increase
  • Relax, increase
  • Constrict, decrease
  • Relax, decrease

Frage 82

Frage
Which procedure allows visualization of the coronary arteries and placement of a stent?
Antworten
  • Coronary artery bypass
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac catheterization
  • Enhanced external counter pulsation

Frage 83

Frage
Coumadin is used to ____
Antworten
  • Increase heart rate
  • Increase clot formation in blood
  • Decrease heart rate
  • Decrease clot formation in blood

Frage 84

Frage
Occlusion of the proximal left coronary artery is often referred to as the [blank_start]widow maker[blank_end]
Antworten
  • widow maker

Frage 85

Frage
What should be done in the first 10 minutes of cardiac patients arrival?
Antworten
  • Assess pain level
  • 12-Lead ECG
  • Start oxygen
  • Get urine sample
  • Check vitals
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