2042472
Frage 1
Frage
A microbe growing in a functioning refrigerator is probably a:
Antworten
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Psychrophile
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Mesophile
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Thermophile
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Hyperthermophile
Frage 2
Frage
Active transport in necessary when:
Antworten
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Diffusion will not allow adequate amounts of a substance to enter the cell
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Movement into the cell is against a concentration gradient
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The level of nutrients in nature is very low
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All of the above
Frage 3
Frage
The size of the most useful RNA molecule for prokaryotic evolutionary studies is:
Antworten
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5S
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16S
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18S
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23S
Frage 4
Frage
Siderophores:
Antworten
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Act as a solvent for iron and transport it into the cells
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Are a key component of cytochromes
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Help maintain osmotic balance in seawater microbes
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Develop when errors in membrane synthesis occur
Frage 5
Frage
Chemical energy is released when organic or inorganic compounds are:
Antworten
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Reduced
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Incorporated into larger molecules
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Synthesized
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Oxidized
Frage 6
Frage
MacConkey agar selects for:
Antworten
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Gram-negative bacteria
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Gram-positive bacteria
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Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
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Haemolytic microorganisms
Frage 7
Frage
The bacterial genome is:
Antworten
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Mostly diploid but includes several haploid regions
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A single circular DNA molecule
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Mostly haploid
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A double stranded RNA molecule
Frage 8
Frage
With regards to bacterial plasmids which statement is the correct one?
Antworten
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Plasmids are extra chromosomal DNA that encode only resistance to antibiotics
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Plasmids are a part of bacterial chromosome
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Plasmids are single stranded DNA found in some bacteria
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Plasmids are extra chromosomal DNA molecules
Frage 9
Frage
The genomes of positive-sense RNA viruses:
Antworten
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Can give rise to infectious virus if transfected into their host tissue culture cells
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Are fully or partially translated immediately following uncoating in host cells
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Need to be transcribed to produce mRNA molecules immediately after uncoating
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Always carry a polymerase molecule in their mature capsid that functions after infection
Frage 10
Frage
The poliovirus mature virus particle:
Antworten
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Contains 240 copies of a single protein
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Contains 60 copies of four proteins
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Has a dsDNA genome
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Has a single stranded negative–sense genome
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following organisms is NOT a true fungus (i.e. it is classified in the Kingdom Protoctista):
Antworten
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Phytophthora infestans
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Botrytis cinerea
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Agaricus bisporus
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Taphrina deformans
Frage 12
Frage
Black sigatoka is a:
Antworten
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Fungal root disease of bananas
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Fungal foliar disease of bananas
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Fungal fruit disease of apples
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Fungal foliar disease of potatoes
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following is transmitted to humans by arthropods?
Antworten
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Tuberculosis
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Malaria
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Cholera
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Typhoid
Frage 14
Frage
Which of the following is a host component important in specific immune recognition of extracellular microbes?
Antworten
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Antigen
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Antibody
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Phagocyte
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Lipopolysaccharide
Frage 15
Frage
With regard to the differences between bacterial and eukaryotic cells which statement is the correct one?
Antworten
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Bacterial cells do not contain mitochondria
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Bacterial cells are usually larger than eukaryote cells
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Bacteria do not contain a chromosome
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Bacterial cells are not sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
Frage 16
Frage
Koch’s postulates most correctly relate to which one of the following statements?
Antworten
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The isolation of a bacterium in culture from a human alone indicates that it causes disease
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Determination in a series logical steps the agent that causes disease
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The observation of bacterial cells in tissue from a human with disease indicates that the observed bacterium has caused the disease
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Inoculation of a bacterium into an animal to cause disease alone indicates that it is the cause of the disease observed
Frage 17
Frage
Which statement is correct with respect to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
Antworten
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LPS is found in Gram positive cells
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LPS is found in Gram negative cells in the cytoplasmic membrane
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LPS is found in the outer-membrane of Gram negative cells
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LPS is associated with all bacterial cells
Frage 18
Frage
A culture of E. coli is diluted by a factor of 10-6 and, after plating out 100 μl on an agar plate, 63 colonies grew after incubation at 37oC overnight. The original culture therefore contained how many viable E. coli cells per ml?
Antworten
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6.3 x 10(7)
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6.3 x 10(8)
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6.3 x 10(6)
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6.3 x 10(5)
Frage 19
Frage
With respect to differences between members of the archaeal and bacterial domains/kingdoms, which is the correct statement?
Antworten
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Both have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
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Only some Archaea are capable of methanogenesis
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Archaea are sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics
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Bacteria have similar RNA polymerase to that of Archaea
Frage 20
Frage
Which statement is correct with respect to peptidoglycan?
Antworten
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There are multiple molecules of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls
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Only Gram positive cells possess peptidoglycan
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There is only a single molecule of peptidoglycan in a bacterial cell wall
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Peptidoglycan is only found in Gram negative cell walls
Frage 21
Frage
Fungi primarily contribute to soil and plant health by:
Antworten
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Degrading sand particles to release Si
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Facilitating desiccation of water-logged soils
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Degrading organic matter and releasing nutrients
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Preventing bacterial growth
Frage 22
Frage
Fungi tend to live at interfaces. Which of these statements is untrue:
Antworten
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This can be where nutrients are most concentrated
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Solid surfaces may provide anchorage
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Other microbes, that leak useful metabolites, may inhabit such niches
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There is typically less water on physical surfaces and fungi avoid water
Frage 23
Frage
Fungal growth and cell division is not normally accompanied by:
Antworten
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Biomass aquisition
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Reduced vitality
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Nucleic acid replication
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Enhanced ability to compete with other microbial species
Frage 24
Frage
One factor that is not used to prevent or reduce fungal spoilage of processed foods is:
Antworten
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Addition of benzene
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Low water-activity
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Refrigeration
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Heat-sterilization
Frage 25
Frage
Saprophytic activity is essential for biosphere health because it:
Antworten
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Facilitates nutrient cycling and waste degradation
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Kills host organisms and thereby averts overpopulation
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Facilitates species evolution via endosymbiosis
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Involves mineralization of inorganic rocks in the lithosphere
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