Characteristic Properties of Acids & Bases

Question 1

Which statements are properties of an acid?
1 reacts with ammonium sulfate to form ammonia
2 turns red litmus blue

Accepted Answer

D Neither statement 1 or statement 2.

Answer

A Both statements 1 and 2.

Answer

B Statement 1 only.

Answer

C Statement 2 only.

Question 2

Which property is NOT characteristic of a base?

Accepted Answer

A It reacts with a carbonate to form carbon dioxide.

Answer

B It reacts with an acid to form a salt.

Answer

C It reacts with an ammonium salt to form ammonia.

Answer

D It turns universal indicator paper blue.

Question 3

Three liquids, P, Q and R, are added to a mixture of hydrochloric acid and Universal Indicator solution.
The following observations are made.
P the colour of the indicator turns purple.
Q the colour of the indicator does not change.
R there is effervescence and the indicator turns blue.

What are P, Q and R?

Accepted Answer

B P = sodium hydroxide solution; Q = water; R = sodium carbonate solution.

Answer

A P = sodium carbonate solution ; Q = water; R = sodium hydroxide solution.

Answer

C P = water; Q = sodium carbonate solution; R = sodium hydroxide solution.

Answer

D P = water; Q = sodium hydroxide solution; R = sodium carbonate solution.

Question 4

A sting from insect X has a pH of 6 and a sting from insect Y has a pH of 8.
The table shows the pH of four substances.

Which substances are used to treat the two stings?

Accepted Answer

B X = sodium hydrogen carbonate; Y = vinegar

Answer

A X = hydrochloric acid; Y = sodium hydroxide

Answer

C X = sodium hydroxide; Y = hydrochloric acid

Answer

D X = vinegar; Y = sodium hydrogen carbonate

Question 5

Hydrochloric acid is used to clean metals.
The acid reacts with the oxide layer on the surface of the metal, forming a salt and water.

Which word describes the metal oxide?

Accepted Answer

B base

Answer

A alloy

Answer

C element

Answer

D indicator

Question 6

Which statement is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

D When the acidity of a solution increases, the pH increases.

Answer

A When a base reacts with an ammonium salt, ammonia is given off.

Answer

B When an acid reacts with a base, neutralisation takes place.

Answer

C When an acid reacts with a carbonate, carbon dioxide is given off.

Question 7

Which reaction is NOT characteristic of an acid?

Accepted Answer

B It produces ammonia from ammonium compounds.

Answer

A It dissolves magnesium oxide.

Answer

C It produces carbon dioxide from a carbonate.

Answer

D It produces hydrogen from zinc metal.

Question 8

Which equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid is correct?

Accepted Answer

D

Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 9

Which substance is the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 10

The graph shows how the pH of soil in a field changes over time.
At which point was the soil neutral?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 11

A colourless solution is tested by the following reactions.

Which reaction is not characteristic of an acid?

Accepted Answer

C Copper oxide powder is added and the mixed is warmed. The solution turns blue.

Answer

A A piece of magnesium ribbon is added. Bubbles are seen and the magnesium disappears.

Answer

B A pungent smelling gas is produced when ammonium carbonate is added.

Answer

D The solution turns blue litmus red.

Question 12

Which statements about alkalis are correct?
1 When reacted with an acid, the pH of the alkali increases.
2 When tested with litmus, the litmus turns blue.
3 When warmed with an ammonium salt, ammonia gas is given off.

Accepted Answer

D 2 and 3 only

Answer

A 1, 2 and 3

Answer

B 1 and 2 only

Answer

C 1 and 3 only

Question 13

Which statements about alkalis are correct?
1 When reacted with an acid, the pH of the alkali increases.
2 When tested with litmus, the litmus turns blue.
3 When warmed with an ammonium salt, ammonia gas is given off.

Accepted Answer

D 2 and 3 only

Answer

A 1, 2 and 3

Answer

B 1 and 2 only

Answer

C 1 and 3 only

Question 14

Which are properties of an acid?
1 reacts with ammonium sulfate to form ammonia
2 turns red litmus blue

Accepted Answer

D Neither 1 or 2.

Answer

A Both statements 1 and 2

Answer

B Statement 1 only

Answer

C Statement 2 only

Question 15

Carbon dioxide is produced when
X reacts with ethanol.
Y reacts with sodium carbonate.

What are X and Y?

Accepted Answer

C X = oxygen, Y = hydrochloric acid

Answer

A X = hydrogen, Y = hydrochloric acid

Answer

B X = hydrogen, Y = sodium hydroxide

Answer

D X = oxygen, Y = sodium hydroxide

Question 16

Ant stings hurt because of the methanoic acid produced by the ant.

Which substance could, most safely, be used to neutralise the acid?

Accepted Answer

A baking soda, pH = 8

Answer

B car battery acid, pH = 1

Answer

C lemon juice, pH = 3

Answer

D oven cleaner, pH = 14

Question 17

Which statement about the reaction of acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

C They react with metal hydroxides to give a salt and water only.

Answer

A They react with ammonium salts to form a salt and ammonia only.

Answer

B They react with metal carbonates to give a salt and carbon dioxide only.

Answer

D They react with metals to give a salt, hydrogen and water only.

Question 18

Barium hydroxide is an alkali. It reacts with hydrochloric acid.

How does the pH of the hydrochloric acid change as an excess of aqueous barium hydroxide is added?

Accepted Answer

D The pH increases from 1 to about 14.

Answer

A The pH decreases from 14 and becomes constant at 7.

Answer

B The pH decreases from 14 to about 1.

Answer

C The pH increases from 1 and becomes constant at 7.

Question 19

A gas is escaping from a pipe in a chemical plant.
A chemist tests this gas and finds that it is alkaline.

What is this gas?

Accepted Answer

A ammonia

Answer

B chlorine

Answer

C hydrogen

Answer

D sulfur dioxide

Question 20

The graph shows how the pH changes as an acid is added to an alkali.
acid + alkali → salt + water

Which letter represents the area of the graph where both acid and salt are present?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

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Characteristic Properties of Acids & Bases

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