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Frage 1
Frage
The nucleus contains your genetic material
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 2
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How many chromosomes does the human cell nucleus contain?
Antworten
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23
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23 pairs
Frage 3
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What do chromosomes carry?
Antworten
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The nucleus
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Genes
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Proteins
Frage 4
Frage
A gene is a short length of a chromosome which is one molecule of DNA.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 5
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The DNA is coiled up to form the arms of the chromosome
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 6
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What are alleles?
Antworten
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Different versions of the same gene
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Identical versions of the same gene
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Identical versions of different genes
Frage 7
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Each gene is a code for making a certain protein
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 8
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Having different versions of proteins means that we end up with...
Antworten
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Identical characteristics
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Different characteristics
Frage 9
Frage
What are the different types of proteins?
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Structural proteins
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Enzymes
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Alleles
Frage 10
Frage
What does an enzyme do?
Antworten
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Copy the cells in a gene
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Contains genetic material
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Control all the chemical reactions in an organism
Frage 11
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Chromosomes come in pairs because we have two parents
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 12
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The sex cells (the sperm and the egg) are different from ordinary body cells because they contain 23 pairs of chromosomes
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
Frage
What happens to the chromosomes when the sperm fertilises the egg?
Antworten
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Half of the chromosomes in the egg combine with half of the chromosomes in the sperm
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The chromosomes in the sperm combine with the chromosomes in the egg
Frage 14
Frage
The fertilised egg has 23 single chromosomes
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 15
Frage
The two chromosomes in a pair always carry the same genes
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
Frage
What does homozygous mean?
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You have two alleles the same for that particular gene
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You have two different alleles for that particular gene
Frage 17
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What is heterozygous?
Antworten
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You have two different alleles for that particular gene
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You have two alleles the same for that particular gene
Frage 18
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Alleles that produce dominant characteristics are always shown with...
Antworten
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A small letter
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A capital letter
Frage 19
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Alleles that produce recessive characteristics are always shown with...
Antworten
-
A capital letter
-
A small letter
Frage 20
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All men have an X and a Y chromosome
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 21
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All women have two Y chromosomes
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 22
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What is the chance of having a boy or a girl?
Antworten
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50:50. There is an equal chance
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70:30
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It is always more likely to have a boy because of their Y chromosome
Frage 23
Frage
The gene that makes an embryo into a male causes a protein called...
Antworten
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Neuroplastin
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Testis determining factor (TDF)
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Glycosyltransferases
Frage 24
Frage
The gene 'Testis determining factor (TDF)' causes the development of ovaries
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 25
Frage
Which of these are lifestyle factors than can affect your health?
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Smoking
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Eating junk food
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Your genes
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Exercise
Frage 26
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Clones are genetically identical organisms
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 27
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Clones...
Antworten
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Have different alleles but the same genes
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Have the same genes and the same alleles
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Can differ due to differences in their environment (e.g. the amount of food available)
Frage 28
Frage
Some organisms reproduce asexually (without sexual reproduction). This means that there is only one parent, and the offspring are genetically the same as each other and the parent.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 29
Frage
Most bacteria reproduce asexually by dividing into two, and multiplying very quickly.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 30
Frage
Plants cannot reproduce asexually
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 31
Frage
Identical twins are also clones.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 32
Frage
How are identical twins made?
Antworten
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The embryo splits into four and they are all genetically identical
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The embryo splits into two, and two separate embryos begin to develop. (They are genetically identical).
Frage 33
Frage
Scientists can make clones in the lab
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 34
Frage
Clones are made in the lab by removing the nucleus of an egg cell to form an enucleated cell, this leaves the egg without any genetic information. A nucleus from an adult donor cell is inserted in its place. The cell is then stimulated so that it starts dividing as if it was a normal embryo (fertilised egg). The embryo produced is genetically identical to the donor cell.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 35
Frage
Genetic disorders are caused by faulty alleles
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 36
Frage
What are the symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis?
Antworten
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Thick, sticky mucus in the air passages, gut and pancreas
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Shaking, erratic body movements
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Mental deterioration
Frage 37
Frage
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a dominant allele
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 38
Frage
Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder of the...
Antworten
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Heart
-
Lungs
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Cell membranes
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Cytoplasm
Frage 39
Frage
For a child to have a chance of inheriting Cystic Fibrosis, ___________ of the parents must be either carriers of sufferers.
Antworten
-
none
-
both
-
one
Frage 40
Frage
Cystic Fibrosis... The baby will be normal if they have...
Antworten
-
FF alleles
-
Ff alleles
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ff alleles
Frage 41
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Huntington's Disorder is caused by a recessive allele
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 42
Frage
Huntington's Disorder makes the body produce thick, sticky mucus in the air passages, gut and pancreas.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 43
Frage
There is no cure for Huntington's Disorder
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 44
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A "carrier" of Huntington's Disorder will be a sufferer
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 45
Frage
The symptoms of Huntington's Disorder appear around the age of 15
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 46
Frage
IVF = in vitro fertilisation
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 47
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Doctors produce more embryos than they need during IVF. The embryos are screened and only healthy ones are chosen to be implanted into the mother's womb.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 48
Frage
What is it called when doctors test fetuses in the womb by testing the fluid surrounding the fetus?
Antworten
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IVF
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Amniocentesis
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That is not possible
Frage 49
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Testing embryos for genetic disorders is known as...
Antworten
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Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis
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Differentiation
-
Amniocentesis
Frage 50
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Adults can be checked to see if they carry alleles for genetic disorders
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 51
Frage
What are the issues surrounding genetic testing?
Antworten
-
No genetic tests are 100% accurate. There are always some errors due to things like samples getting contaminated or misinterpretation.
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Tests carried out during pregnancy aren't 100% safe
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Genetic testing can only take place after birth
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You're not allowed to have children after being tested
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Insurance companies might refuse to give life insurance to people with the "wrong" alleles
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If the information becomes available to others, this might cause discrimination
Frage 52
Frage
Gene therapy may soon make it possible to treat or prevent genetic disorders
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 53
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What could be the problems of gene therapy?
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Some people have concerns about 'playing God'
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Gene therapies carry risks. There are concerns that they could even cause cancers instead of preventing them.
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There isn't any problems with gene therapy
Frage 54
Frage
Stem cells are unspecialised
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 55
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Differentiation is the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 56
Frage
Stem cells are found in early human embryos
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 57
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People with some blood diseases can be treated by bone marrow transplants. Bone marrow contains stem cells that can turn into new blood cells to replace the faulty old ones.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 58
Frage
No research is allowed on embryos older than...
Antworten
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A week
-
14 days
-
A month
-
A year
Frage 59
Frage
Scientists can extract stem cells from very early human embryos and grow them
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 60
Frage
How many genes determine which sex organs you develop?
Antworten
-
1
-
2
-
3
-
4
-
8
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