Environmental Science - Chapter Two

Beschreibung

I'm using "Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories" 4th edition by Withgott & Laposata
Sheena Gardner
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62
2

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
An environment consists of complex networks of interlinked systems.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 2

Frage
What is a system?
Antworten
  • A bunch of different parts working together to accomplish different goals.
  • A bunch of different parts working together to accomplish the same goal.
  • One part working to accomplish many different goals.

Frage 3

Frage
Without a part, the system will still work properly.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 4

Frage
System inputs _?
Antworten
  • Pull something out of the system.
  • Put something into the system
  • Take something away from the system
  • Don't do anything to interact with the system

Frage 5

Frage
System outputs _?
Antworten
  • Are the result of the system inputs
  • Create the same input again for the same system
  • Are useless

Frage 6

Frage
A system output can serve as a input.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 7

Frage
What are the types of feedback loops?
Antworten
  • Positive
  • Electron
  • Neutral
  • Negative

Frage 8

Frage
In a negative feedback loop, the output acts as an input that moves the system, in a new direction.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 9

Frage
Most systems do not use a negative feedback loop.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 10

Frage
A negative feedback loop pushes towards _.
Antworten
  • equilibrium
  • preservation
  • combustion
  • unsustainability

Frage 11

Frage
A positive feedback loop has the opposite effect of the negative feedback loop.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 12

Frage
A positive feedback loop pushes towards _.
Antworten
  • combustion
  • stable situations
  • unstable situations

Frage 13

Frage
Positive feedback loops are rare in nature.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 14

Frage
What is the lithosphere?
Antworten
  • Earth's decay
  • Earth's crust
  • Everything but earth's crust

Frage 15

Frage
What is the atmosphere?
Antworten
  • Water
  • Outer space
  • Air surrounding our planet

Frage 16

Frage
What is the hydrosphere?
Antworten
  • All land
  • All water
  • Everything but water

Frage 17

Frage
What is the biosphere?
Antworten
  • Total of all the planet's biotic and abiotic components.
  • Total of all the planet's biotic components
  • Total of all the planet's abiotic components
  • Total of all the planet's water

Frage 18

Frage
Eutrophication is the process of nutrient over-enrichment.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 19

Frage
Chemistry does not play a central role in many environmental challenges.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 20

Frage
All material that has mass and occupies space is matter.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 21

Frage
Laws of Conservation of Matter
Antworten
  • can be transformed
  • cannot be transformed
  • cannot be destroyed or created
  • stays constant as its recycled

Frage 22

Frage
An element is _.
Antworten
  • a fundamental type of matter
  • a fundamental type of science

Frage 23

Frage
An element cannot be broken down into any other substances with other properties.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 24

Frage
Each element is composed of
Antworten
  • atoms
  • three neutrons
  • element

Frage 25

Frage
An atom is the smallest component that maintains the chemical properties of the element.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 26

Frage
Each atom has a nucleus with
Antworten
  • protons
  • neutrons
  • electrons
  • proteins
  • chemicals

Frage 27

Frage
An element will always have the same number of
Antworten
  • protons
  • neutrons
  • electrons
  • nuclei

Frage 28

Frage
An element can have different numbers of neutrons or electrons.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 29

Frage
Isotopes _.
Antworten
  • can have different numbers of neutrons
  • can have different numbers of electrons
  • can change its behavior
  • can be radioactive
  • cannot be radioactive

Frage 30

Frage
Ions are positively charged.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 31

Frage
Ions are atoms that can gain or lose
Antworten
  • protons
  • nuclei
  • neutrons
  • electrons

Frage 32

Frage
A pH scale
Antworten
  • measures oxygen
  • measures hydrogen
  • measures carbon
  • measures nitrogen

Frage 33

Frage
Hydrogen ions and whether they are acidic or basic is
Antworten
  • counted on a balance
  • measured on a pH scale
  • measured on a pH ruler
  • oberserved

Frage 34

Frage
Molecules are _.
Antworten
  • the combination of two or more atoms
  • the combination of two atoms
  • the combination of four of the same atoms

Frage 35

Frage
Molecules composed of two or more different elemets are called compounds.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 36

Frage
Organic compounds are
Antworten
  • Carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
  • Hydrogen atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms
  • Carbon atoms bonded to carbon atoms
  • Nitrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms

Frage 37

Frage
Polymers are long chains of repeated molecules.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 38

Frage
Hydrocarbons are
Antworten
  • compounds of hydrogen and carbon
  • compounds of hydrogen and nitrogen
  • compounds of carbon and nitrogen

Frage 39

Frage
Macromolecules are
Antworten
  • Large molecules
  • Small molecules
  • Medium molcules
  • Microscopic molecules

Frage 40

Frage
What are three essential macromolecules?
Antworten
  • Carbohydrates
  • Nucleic acids
  • Lipids
  • Proteins

Frage 41

Frage
Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 42

Frage
Amino acids do not determine the identity of proteins.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 43

Frage
Amino acids
Antworten
  • Store energy
  • Transport substances
  • Provide structural support
  • Produce tissue

Frage 44

Frage
Amino acids are the building blocks of life.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 45

Frage
Nucleic acid direct protein production.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 46

Frage
Nucleic acid carries
Antworten
  • protein information
  • genetic information
  • mental information
  • carbohydrate information

Frage 47

Frage
What are the two types of nucleic acid?
Antworten
  • DNA
  • RNA
  • RDNA
  • CNA

Frage 48

Frage
Carbohydrates are
Antworten
  • simple sugars
  • complex sugars
  • simple proteins
  • nucleic acids

Frage 49

Frage
What are the two major types of energy?
Antworten
  • Combustion energy
  • Potential energy
  • Wind energy
  • Kinetic energy

Frage 50

Frage
Potential energy is the energy of
Antworten
  • position
  • chemicals
  • atoms
  • motion

Frage 51

Frage
Kinetic energy is the energy of
Antworten
  • poisition
  • chemicals
  • wind
  • motion

Frage 52

Frage
Chemical energy is potential energy in the bonds of atoms.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 53

Frage
Why is it important to have energy?
Antworten
  • To do anything
  • To run
  • To do nothing

Frage 54

Frage
In the First Law of Thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can change forms.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 55

Frage
In the Second Law of Thermodynamics,
Antworten
  • the nature of energy will change from a more ordered state to a less ordered state
  • the nature of energy will change from a less ordered state to a more ordered state

Frage 56

Frage
The Earth's energy comes from the moon.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 57

Frage
Autotrophs are also know as consumers.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 58

Frage
Autotrophs are known as producers.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 59

Frage
Autotrophs
Antworten
  • Use the sun's energy to produce their own food
  • Use the sun's energy to decompose
  • Do not use the sun's energy to produce their own food

Frage 60

Frage
Autotrophs
Antworten
  • turn chemical energy into light energy
  • turn light energy into chemical energy
  • turn light energy into soil
  • turn chemical energy into wind energy

Frage 61

Frage
In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into sugars.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 62

Frage
The components of photosynthesis are
Antworten
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Water
  • Shade
  • Sunlight
  • Soil
  • Sugar
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen

Frage 63

Frage
Heterotrophs can produce their own food.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 64

Frage
What are the components of cellular respiration?
Antworten
  • Water
  • Energy
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Sunlight
  • Sugar
  • Oxygen
  • Monoxide
  • CO2

Frage 65

Frage
Energy is kept as heat in a one-way flow through the system.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 66

Frage
An ecosystem is all of the organisms and non-living entities in a particular area at the same time
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 67

Frage
Primary production is the
Antworten
  • conversion of solar energy to sugars
  • conversion of sugars to solar energy
  • conversion or water to gas
  • conversion of solar energy to wind energy

Frage 68

Frage
Gross primary production is the
Antworten
  • use of energy made by the heterotrophs themselves
  • use of energy made by the plants themselves
  • use of atoms made by the plants themselves

Frage 69

Frage
Net primary production is energy left over to put into biomass.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 70

Frage
All ecosystems produce biomass at the same rate.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 71

Frage
Elements and compounds are consumed and required for survival of organisms.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 72

Frage
Nitrogen has
Antworten
  • 7 protons, 7 neutrons
  • 4 protons, 7 neutrons
  • 4 protons, 4 neutrons

Frage 73

Frage
Phosphorus has
Antworten
  • 7 protons, 7 neutrons
  • 15 protons, 15 neutrons
  • 17 protons, 17 neutrons

Frage 74

Frage
Oxygen has
Antworten
  • 7 protons, 7 neutrons
  • 7 protons, 8 neutrons
  • 8 protons, 8 neutrons

Frage 75

Frage
Carbon has
Antworten
  • 7 protons, 6 neutrons
  • 6 protons, 6 neutrons
  • 6 protons, 7 neutrons

Frage 76

Frage
Carbon dioxide is a colorless gad used by plants for photosynthesis, given off by repiration, and released by burning fossil fuels.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 77

Frage
Ionic bonds are
Antworten
  • chemical bonds formed by the attraction between positively charged ions.
  • chemical bonds formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
  • chemical bonds formed by the attraction between negatively charged ions.
  • chemical bonds formed by the attraction between neutrally charged ions.

Frage 78

Frage
A watershed is the entire area of a river from when a pipe drains into an ocean.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 79

Frage
Hypoxia is the condition of extremely low dissolved oxygen concentrations in a body of water.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 80

Frage
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by atoms "sharing" electrons.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 81

Frage
What is a solution?
Antworten
  • A mixture of substances in which elements, molecules, or compounds come together without chemically bonding.
  • A mixture of substances in which elements, molecules, or compounds come together with an ionic bond.
  • Plasma

Frage 82

Frage
Methane is a colorless gas produced primarily by anaerobic decomposition.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 83

Frage
The ozone
Antworten
  • is a molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms
  • absorbs ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere
  • absorbs ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere
  • is a molecule consisting of four oxygen atoms

Frage 84

Frage
What happens in biogeochemical cycles?
Antworten
  • Nutrients cycle through the stratosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
  • Chemicals cycle through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
  • Nutrients cycle through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.

Frage 85

Frage
What is a flux?
Antworten
  • Movement among ponds
  • Movement among reservoirs
  • Movement among oceans

Frage 86

Frage
A source is a reservoir that releases more nutrients than they accept
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 87

Frage
In a sink, the reservoir accepts more than it releases.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 88

Frage
What are the three forms of the hydrolytic cycle?
Antworten
  • liquid
  • plasma
  • gas
  • solid

Frage 89

Frage
Water gets into the atmosphere only by evaporation.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 90

Frage
What is transpiration?
Antworten
  • Evaporation from plants
  • Evaporation from snow
  • Evaporation in general

Frage 91

Frage
Runoff is water flowing over land.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 92

Frage
Human have only impacted some aspects of the water cycle.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 93

Frage
How have we impacted the water cycle?
Antworten
  • Overfilled water sources
  • Decreased evaporation
  • Depleted water sources
  • Reduced transpiration
  • Increased transpiration
  • Increased evaporation

Frage 94

Frage
Carbon is a part of every living thing.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 95

Frage
Producers pull _ from the atmosphere.
Antworten
  • CO2
  • H2O
  • N
  • K

Frage 96

Frage
Producers put some CO2 back into the atmosphere.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 97

Frage
CO2 becomes incorporated into the tissues of _ and _.
Antworten
  • plants, air
  • plants, insects
  • animals,insects
  • plants,animals

Frage 98

Frage
Settles into _ when organisms die.
Antworten
  • Water
  • Sediment
  • Plants

Frage 99

Frage
What is the largest reservoir of carbon?
Antworten
  • Water
  • Air
  • Plants
  • Soil

Frage 100

Frage
Putting too much CO2 into the air is a major climate change argument.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 101

Frage
Shifted from _ to atmosphere.
Antworten
  • hydrosphere
  • lithosphere
  • stratosphere

Frage 102

Frage
Nitrogen makes up how much of our atmosphere?
Antworten
  • 48%
  • 78%
  • 88%
  • 76%

Frage 103

Frage
Nitrogen is essential.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 104

Frage
Nitrogen needs what to help itself cycle.
Antworten
  • Bacteria
  • Thunder
  • Lightning
  • Atoms

Frage 105

Frage
How many steps are in the nitrogen cycle?
Antworten
  • 3
  • 2
  • 4
  • 6

Frage 106

Frage
Nitrogen has to be "fixed" before it can be used.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 107

Frage
Through what step of the nitrogen cycle do plants take up nitrates?
Antworten
  • Deneitrification
  • Nitrification
  • Nitrogen fixation

Frage 108

Frage
How have humans impacted the nitrogen cycle?
Antworten
  • Reduced plants
  • Reduced bacteria
  • Increased amount of nitrogen in soils and water through fertilizer.
  • Increased amount of nitrogen in soils and water through new plants.

Frage 109

Frage
Phosphorus is found in the atmosphere.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 110

Frage
The majority of phosphorus is found in
Antworten
  • rocks
  • plants
  • animals
  • water

Frage 111

Frage
When rocks are weather, the phosphorus runs into the water and
Antworten
  • settles into the sediment
  • settles into plants
  • settles into fish
  • is dissolved

Frage 112

Frage
Plants do not take up phosphorus.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 113

Frage
How have humans impacted the phosphorus cycle?
Antworten
  • Mined rocks
  • Put phosphorus in fertilizers
  • Taken phosphorus out of fertilizers
  • Detergents
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