Kopieren und bearbeiten

Psychology final exam

Beschreibung

Quiz am Psychology final exam, erstellt von Pat Dunn am 11/08/2015.
Pat Dunn
Quiz von Pat Dunn, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Pat Dunn
Erstellt von Pat Dunn vor mehr als 9 Jahre
576
0
0

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
According to research findings, the most probable explanation of malingering is captured by:
Antworten
  • a pathogenic model
  • a criminological model
  • an adaptational model
  • an antisocial model

Frage 2

Frage
In general, how accurate do people tend to be when using verbal and non-verbal behaviour to detect deception (where a value of 100% indicates that they can accurately discriminate between truthful people and deceptive people all of the time)?
Antworten
  • under 10%
  • between 25% and 35%
  • between 45% and 65%
  • around 25%

Frage 3

Frage
Which nonverbal cue has consistently been found to indicate deception?
Antworten
  • smiling
  • gaze aversion
  • self-manipulations (e.g., fidgeting)
  • none of the above

Frage 4

Frage
Which of the following techniques has not been proposed as a method of detecting deception?
Antworten
  • ERPs
  • fMRI
  • polygraph
  • TAT

Frage 5

Frage
A patient who actually has schizophrenia denies his auditory hallucinations when questioned by doctors. This patient is likely exhibiting:
Antworten
  • defensiveness
  • Munchausen syndrome by proxy
  • factitious disorder
  • somatoform disorder

Frage 6

Frage
Which verbal indicator has been most strongly associated with deception?
Antworten
  • speech fillers
  • voice pitch
  • speech pauses
  • speech errors (e.g., slips of the tongue)

Frage 7

Frage
A Polygraph test may be used to:
Antworten
  • Verify a crime has occurred (victim is asked to take a polygraph test, which is rarely done)
  • Screen pre-employment candidates for security agencies and police
  • Verify insurance claims
  • all of the above

Frage 8

Frage
"During the first 20 years of your life, did you ever think of seriously hurting someone?" This is an example of what type of polygraph question?
Antworten
  • a relevant question
  • an irrelevant question
  • a concealed information question
  • a comparison question

Frage 9

Frage
Which of the following is true of the polygraph?
Antworten
  • Polygraph results are regularly admitted as evidence in Canadian courts.
  • The most common polygraph method used currently is the Comparison Question Test (CQT).
  • The polygraph directly measures whether a person is lying.
  • Research indicates that physical countermeasures are largely ineffective in "beating" the polygraph.

Frage 10

Frage
Most polygraph examiners using the Comparison Question Test (CQT) score according to the:
Antworten
  • suspect's demeanour during the test
  • information from the case file
  • physiological responses
  • suspect's past criminal record

Frage 11

Frage
When using brain-based polygraph techniques, what does ERP stand for?
Antworten
  • emotional response pattern
  • event response pattern
  • event-related brain potential
  • emotional-related brain potential

Frage 12

Frage
You have been falsely accused of stealing a laptop computer from a professor's office. The police have requested that you take a polygraph test to prove your innocence. In light of your knowledge of the types of errors most likely to be made by different types of polygraph exams, you agree to do so only if the examiner uses the:
Antworten
  • comparison question test
  • relevant/irrelevant test
  • zone of comparison format of scoring
  • concealed information test

Frage 13

Frage
Several types of studies may be used to validate polygraph techniques. Which type of study would likely involve a comparison of the accuracy between original examiners and blind evaluators, using actual criminal suspects?
Antworten
  • field analogue study
  • laboratory study
  • ground truth study
  • field study

Frage 14

Frage
Which of the following statements is true regarding the detection of deception?
Antworten
  • People are generally better at detecting truth than detecting lies.
  • High-stake lies are easier to detect than low-stake lies.
  • Many professionals (e.g., police officers) are no better than detecting deception than the general population.
  • all of the above

Frage 15

Frage
What has been identified as a major problem particular to the Comparison Question Test (CQT)?
Antworten
  • high false-negative rate
  • high false-positive rate
  • the use of extra-polygraph cues by the examiner
  • falsely classifying guilty suspects as innocent

Frage 16

Frage
The first polygraph test was developed by:
Antworten
  • Stephen Porter
  • William Marston
  • James Frye
  • Hugo Munsterberg

Frage 17

Frage
Susan gives her infant son various medications to make him appear like he is suffering from an unknown illness, and takes him regularly to doctors and the emergency room to assess these fake symptoms. This is an example of what disorder of deception?
Antworten
  • Munchausen syndrome by proxy
  • Malingering disorder
  • Somatoform disorder
  • Non-deceptive disorder

Frage 18

Frage
Which of the following is not measured by the polygraph test?
Antworten
  • heart rate
  • galvanic skin response
  • micro facial expressions
  • breathing

Frage 19

Frage
Laboratory studies of polygraph techniques have limited application to real-life situations because:
Antworten
  • Study participants have no real incentive to beat the polygraph
  • Study participants have no real fear if they fail a polygraph.
  • Study participants have no real-life stress to measure.
  • All of the above

Frage 20

Frage
Which of the following is not a cue to malingered psychosis in criminal defendants?
Antworten
  • hallucinations with delusions
  • understandable motive for committing crime
  • presence of a partner in the crime
  • visual hallucinations in black and white

Frage 21

Frage
According to your textbook, what is the most common physiological response measured when administering the Concealed Information Test (CIT)?
Antworten
  • palmar sweating
  • heart rate
  • blood pressure
  • eye blinks

Frage 22

Frage
What disorder consists of symptoms that are not intentionally produced but cannot be explained by an underlying biological impairment?
Antworten
  • Munchausen syndrome
  • malingering disorder
  • factitious disorder
  • somatoform disorder

Frage 23

Frage
What is one of the key components to malingering?
Antworten
  • Symptoms are not intentionality produced.
  • There are only internal motivations for the production of symptoms.
  • There are external motivations for the production of symptoms.
  • Symptoms are produced in order to assume the sick role.
  • There is an absence of external incentives.

Frage 24

Frage
Which of the following has not been found effective as a countermeasure to "beat" the polygraph test?
Antworten
  • tongue-biting
  • pressing toes on the floor
  • counting backwards
  • anti-anxiety drugs

Frage 25

Frage
Which of the following are potential applications of the polygraph in Canada?
Antworten
  • Polygraph testing is used to screen prospective employees in certain agencies.
  • Polygraph results are used to pressure individuals to confess to a crime.
  • A polygraph test may be administered to verify insurance claims.
  • all of the above

Frage 26

Frage
The Comparison Question Test has been criticized for:
Antworten
  • being susceptible to countermeasures
  • having a high false–positive rate
  • assuming that innocent suspects will show larger responses to the comparison questions as compared to the relevant
  • all of the above

Frage 27

Frage
According to the textbook, what is the primary issue surrounding the Neil v. Biggers (1972) case in relation to eyewitness accuracy?
Antworten
  • the fact that the court stated that confidence of the witness should be seen as an indicator of accuracy
  • the fact that the witness was hypnotized and thus the information provided should not be admissible as accurate evidence in the trial
  • the fact that the witness was given a simultaneous rather than a sequential lineup
  • the fact that the witness was a child and thus the accuracy of her judgment was questionable
  • none of the above

Frage 28

Frage
Which of the following statements is not correct concerning the outcome of hypnosis?
Antworten
  • More information is recalled.
  • Participants report relatively more accurate information and less inaccurate information.
  • Participants express a high degree of confidence in their memory reports
  • It is not possible to determine which statements are erroneous and which are correct.
  • reinstating context, recalling, recognizing, and forgetting
  • Age regression can be a technique used in hypnosis.

Frage 29

Frage
The hypothesis that explains the cross-race effect in eyewitness testimony by suggesting that the more contact you have with other races the better you will be able to identify them is:
Antworten
  • the interracial contact hypothesis
  • the cue-utilization hypothesis
  • the unusualness hypothesis
  • the prejudice hypothesis
  • the physiognomic homogeneity hypothesis

Frage 30

Frage
What is the major implication of the studies conducted on the misinformation effect in eyewitness research?
Antworten
  • Memory is like a videotape.
  • Witnesses yield to authority
  • Memory is reconstructive.
  • Witnesses recall information accurately when under stress.
  • Memory typically gets better as witnesses get older.

Frage 31

Frage
On what four memory-retrieval techniques is the cognitive interview based?
Antworten
  • reinstating context, reporting everything, reversing order, and changing perspective
  • reinstating context, recalling, recognizing, and answering questions
  • encoding, short-term memory, long-term memory, and retrieving
  • encoding, storing, retrieving, and forgetting
  • reinstating context, recalling, recognizing, and forgetting

Frage 32

Frage
What is not an advantage of using a photo array rather than a live lineup for eyewitness identification?
Antworten
  • Photo arrays are easier to construct than live lineups.
  • Suspect does not have the right to counsel being present with a photo array, whereas he/she does have that right with a live lineup
  • Photo arrays produce higher identification accuracy than live lineups.
  • A suspect need not be informed that he/she is being placed in a photo array, whereas with a live lineup he/she must be so informed
  • The police do not have to worry about the suspect's behaviour potentially invalidating the lineup.

Frage 33

Frage
Which Canadian case involving poor police techniques in collecting eyewitness evidence resulted in a set of recommendations for conducting lineup identifications?
Antworten
  • Neil v. Biggers
  • R. v. Sophonow
  • R. v. Brooks
  • R. v. Reno
  • Brooks v. Biggers

Frage 34

Frage
An eyewitness is shown a picture of an individual who the police think is responsible for a recent bank robbery. No other lineup photos are shown. The eyewitness is asked to state whether the person in the photograph is the same individual seen in the bank. What sort of lineup procedure is being used here?
Antworten
  • a showup
  • a simultaneous lineup
  • a sequential lineup
  • a walk-by
  • an elimination lineup

Frage 35

Frage
What type of decision is not possible with a target-present lineup?
Antworten
  • correct identification
  • foil identification
  • false rejection
  • false identification
  • All of the above are possible identification decisions with the target-present lineup.

Frage 36

Frage
Which of the following would be considered an estimator variable in eyewitness research?
Antworten
  • how light it was outside when the crime was witnessed
  • the room where the witness was interviewed
  • the number of police officers present during the interview
  • the time of day when the witness was interviewed
  • the type of lineup presented to the witness

Frage 37

Frage
Which of the following is true regarding age and eyewitness identification?
Antworten
  • Older adults are just as likely as younger adults to make a false positive decision from a target-absent lineup
  • Generally, there are significant differences between younger and older adults' ability to make correct identifications.
  • Younger and older eyewitnesses do not differ in their correct identification rate or false positive rate.
  • Overall, older adult eyewitnesses have more difficulty than younger adult eyewitnesses in making correct rejection decisions.
  • none of the above

Frage 38

Frage
Susan is being questioned by police after she witnessed a man rob a convenience store. The police are asking her questions about the culprit's appearance, and she finds that all she can remember is that the man had a gun. What is the term used to describe this recall situation?
Antworten
  • recall obstruction hypothesis
  • retrieval impairment hypothesis
  • weapon focus
  • central superiority hypothesis
  • peripheral inferiority effect

Frage 39

Frage
Approximately what percentage of wrongful conviction cases (exonerated through DNA evidence) have been attributed to eyewitness identification?
Antworten
  • under 50%
  • 50-60%
  • 60-70%
  • about 75%
  • over 95%

Frage 40

Frage
Which of the following statements is true with respect to the cognitive interview and enhanced cognitive interview?
Antworten
  • The enhanced cognitive interview incorporates all the elements of the cognitive interview.
  • Only some officers in Canada have been trained to use the cognitive interview
  • No significant differences have been found between the effectiveness of the cognitive interview and that of the enhanced cognitive interview.
  • Compared to the standard police interview, the cognitive interview and enhanced cognitive interview produce more accurate information without an increase in inaccurate information.
  • all of the above

Frage 41

Frage
Describing the actions of a culprit during a police interview relies on ______________, while identifying the culprit's voice from a set of voices relies on __________________.
Antworten
  • narrative memory/refreshed memory
  • recall memory/recognition memory
  • natural memory/prompted memory
  • open-ended memory/direct question memory
  • none of the above

Frage 42

Frage
Which of the following would be considered a system variable in eyewitness research?
Antworten
  • whether the witness is intoxicated at the time of the offence
  • the age of the witness
  • the type of weapon used by the culprit
  • the interview procedure used by the police officer
  • the time at which the crime was committed

Frage 43

Frage
What is the difference between a suspect and a culprit?
Antworten
  • The terms suspect and culprit can be used interchangeably; they mean the same thing.
  • suspect is innocent and a culprit is guilty.
  • A suspect is guilty and a culprit is innocent
  • A suspect can be guilty or innocent whereas a culprit is guilty.
  • A suspect is innocent and a culprit can be innocent or guilty.

Frage 44

Frage
What is the most common research method for studying eyewitness issues?
Antworten
  • field study
  • archival research
  • laboratory simulation study
  • recall study
  • recognition study

Frage 45

Frage
Overall, there is ______________ between the accuracy and the confidence of an eyewitness in the identification of a culprit.
Antworten
  • a large positive correlation
  • a small positive correlation
  • no correlation
  • a small negative correlation
  • a large negative correlation

Frage 46

Frage
What typically happens when the eyewitness is told that the culprit may or may not be present in the lineup?
Antworten
  • False positive identifications increase.
  • False positive identifications decrease.
  • Correct identifications increase
  • Correct identifications decrease
  • These instructions have no impact on identifications.

Frage 47

Frage
Which of the following topics seems to be of the LEAST interest to social psychologists?
Antworten
  • discrimination
  • persuasion
  • personality
  • attraction

Frage 48

Frage
Sarah finds Charlie physically attractive. Because of _______________, she also sees him as personable and interesting.
Antworten
  • the low-ball effect
  • a dispositional attribution
  • the halo effect
  • the matching hypothesis

Frage 49

Frage
Why is it that proximity is related to friendship formation?
Antworten
  • We usually avoid attributing negative traits to people who are close at hand.
  • We are more likely to make contact with persons who are close at hand.
  • We are usually similar to people who are close at hand
  • We tend to perceive people who are close at hand as physically attractive.

Frage 50

Frage
With a well-informed audience, which of the following arguments is likely to be the most persuasive?
Antworten
  • simplistic
  • one-sided
  • peripheral
  • two-sided

Frage 51

Frage
Behaviour that is aimed at helping others and requires some self-sacrifice is termed:
Antworten
  • altruism.
  • non-normative helping.
  • normative helping
  • prosocial sacrifice.

Frage 52

Frage
The compliance technique in which a person who agrees to a small request is then presented with a larger request is:
Antworten
  • the foot-in-the-door technique
  • the bandwagon technique.
  • the skyrocket technique
  • the door-in-the-face technique.

Frage 53

Frage
In the classic experiment conducted by Solomon Asch, the people who provided the pressure to conform would be called the:
Antworten
  • experimenters.
  • naive subjects.
  • social loafers.
  • confederates.

Frage 54

Frage
In the classic experiment conducted by Solomon Asch, the people who provided the pressure to conform would be called the:
Antworten
  • experimenters.
  • naive subjects
  • social loafers.
  • confederates.

Frage 55

Frage
The tendency to put forth less effort when working with others on a common task than when working alone is called:
Antworten
  • social loafing
  • group polarization.
  • social inaction
  • social facilitation.

Frage 56

Frage
The mere-exposure effect is most strongly related to:
Antworten
  • discrimination.
  • persuasion.
  • attraction.
  • prejudice

Frage 57

Frage
The blocking of an impulse or interference with the attainment of a goal is defined as:
Antworten
  • crowding.
  • antisocial behaviour.
  • frustration.
  • aggression.

Frage 58

Frage
Which theory of prejudice is based on the idea that people tend to form in-groups and out-groups?
Antworten
  • social cognitive theory
  • us versus them theory
  • social learning theory
  • realistic conflict theory

Frage 59

Frage
When it comes to attraction, the concept of reciprocal liking refers to the fact that:
Antworten
  • people tend to be attracted to others who are at their same level of physical attractiveness.
  • people tend to like those whom they believe like them.
  • people tend to be attracted to attractive-looking people.
  • sometimes people dislike others before they start to like them.

Frage 60

Frage
The Stanford Prison Experiment conducted by Zimbardo demonstrated the powerful influence of
Antworten
  • poverty.
  • money.
  • social class.
  • social roles.

Frage 61

Frage
Because of the bystander effect,
Antworten
  • people are likely to demonstrate social loafing.
  • Kitty Genovese got help when she needed it.
  • participants in Milgram’s experiment obeyed.
  • you would be better off if only one person rather than many people witnessed you in need of help.

Frage 62

Frage
The matching hypothesis suggests
Antworten
  • that opposites attract
  • a talkative person may seek a quiet mate who prefers to listen.
  • we are likely to end up with someone similar to ourselves in attractiveness and other assets
  • couples mismatched on attractiveness and other assets have relationships as long-lasting as other couples.

Frage 63

Frage
The social learning theory of aggression emphasizes all of the following except that
Antworten
  • when aggressive responses are reinforced, they are more likely to continue.
  • aggressive responses are learned from the family, the subculture, and the media.
  • most aggression results from frustration.
  • aggressive responses are learned through modelling.

Frage 64

Frage
Audience effects and co-action effects are two concepts related to
Antworten
  • obedience to authority.
  • social facilitation.
  • social loafing.
  • bystander apathy

Frage 65

Frage
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the primacy effect?
Antworten
  • the primacy effect continues to influence later impressions by becoming the framework through which other information is accepted or disregarded.
  • The primacy effect only affects initial impressions and has no bearing on later information that is gathered.
  • The primacy effect is a very small effect on impression formation
  • Once the primacy effect exists, people become most interested in information that is inconsistent with this initial impression.

Frage 66

Frage
Social psychology is the area in psychology that focuses on
Antworten
  • human growth and development through across the lifespan.
  • the influence of other people on our emotions, thoughts and behaviour.
  • inner psychological conflicts which determine our personality.
  • the study of emotion and motivation.

Frage 67

Frage
Which of the following kinds of attributions do we tend to make more often for our own behaviour?
Antworten
  • dispositional
  • internal
  • situational
  • unbiased

Frage 68

Frage
Which of the following statements is true of first impressions?
Antworten
  • They are not particularly important nor should they influence us.
  • They act as a framework to interpret later information.
  • They are usually correct and require our full awareness.
  • They cannot be changed without a new first impression.

Frage 69

Frage
Usually people are attracted to others who are
Antworten
  • opposites of them.
  • either similar or opposite
  • intellectually similar but physically dissimilar.
  • similar to them.

Frage 70

Frage
After their favourite team lost an important football game, a group of fans discussed means of retribution. Ultimately, they decided to break into and vandalize the opposing team’s locker room. They were subsequently arrested for doing so. This incident occurred because of the unfortunate effect of:
Antworten
  • the mere-exposure effect.
  • group polarization.
  • the cohesion tendency
  • groupthink.

Frage 71

Frage
A strategy to gain compliance by making a very attractive initial offer to get a person to agree to an action and then making the terms less favourable is the
Antworten
  • door-in-the-face technique.
  • obedience technique.
  • low-ball technique.
  • foot-in-the-door technique.

Frage 72

Frage
Conformity is to norm as:
Antworten
  • group is to individual
  • change is to standards.
  • group is to culture.
  • standards are to change

Frage 73

Frage
When we attribute our own or another's behaviour to some external factor rather than to an internal cause, we are making a
Antworten
  • dispositional attribution.
  • fundamental attribution error.
  • situational attribution.
  • false attribution

Frage 74

Frage
Students often report that when they work in a group, someone will not do their part to complete the group project. The person not doing enough to help the group is engaged in:
Antworten
  • social loafing.
  • social facilitation.
  • group polarization
  • social inaction.

Frage 75

Frage
The results of which study were most relevant to the contact hypothesis?
Antworten
  • Sherif and Sherif’s Robbers Cave experiment
  • Asch’s conformity experiment
  • Zimbardo’s prison study
  • Milgram’s obedience experiment

Frage 76

Frage
The subjects in Milgram’s classic study were told that they were participating in:
Antworten
  • a pain-perception experiment.
  • a learning experiment
  • an attribution experiment.
  • an obedience experiment

Frage 77

Frage
Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) share many of the same features. However, APD places more emphasis on:
Antworten
  • antisocial behaviours
  • emotional deficits
  • gender
  • cognitive skills

Frage 78

Frage
Robert's parents feel he exhibits reckless behaviour, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse. Robert has been this way since birth, and his parents feel he has a difficult temperament. Robert might have:
Antworten
  • psychopathy
  • avoidant personality disorder
  • affective disorder
  • borderline personality disorder
  • psychosis

Frage 79

Frage
The terms "psychopathy" and "sociopathy" are:
Antworten
  • the same
  • completely unrelated
  • always used interchangeably
  • related but distinct concepts

Frage 80

Frage
According to Hare (1993) we are more likely to _____________ than be murdered by a psychopath.
Antworten
  • lose our life savings to a psychopath
  • fall in love with a psychopath
  • work with a psychopath
  • be tricked by a psychopath
  • become friends with a psychopath

Frage 81

Frage
A diagnosis of psychopathy does fulfill the disease of the mind requirement but it has never fulfilled the second requirement of:
Antworten
  • knowing the victim
  • not appreciating the nature or quality of the act
  • previously having been committed in a psychiatric institute
  • having spent a night in a psychiatric facility

Frage 82

Frage
Psychopaths differ from other offenders in what way?
Antworten
  • They begin their criminal careers younger.
  • They persist longer.
  • Their use of violence lacks an emotional aspect.
  • They commit a greater variety of violent offenses.
  • all of the above

Frage 83

Frage
Psychopathic rapists are more likely to be:
Antworten
  • emotionally driven
  • anxious
  • opportunistic and vindictive
  • disorganized

Frage 84

Frage
In the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, _________ of offenders scoring10 or more on the PCL:SV had been convicted of an offense
Antworten
  • 5%
  • 27%
  • 57%
  • 97%

Frage 85

Frage
In a study examining treatment outcomes in youth with high scores on the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version, the youth who received treatment in a correctional centre had:
Antworten
  • lower reoffending rates than youth treated in a treatment centre
  • lower violent reoffending rates than youth treated in a treatment centre
  • twice the reoffending rates of youth treated in a treatment centre
  • twice the violent reoffending rates of youth treated in a treatment centre

Frage 86

Frage
_____ of offenders can be classified as psychopaths
Antworten
  • 1%–10%
  • 10%–25%
  • 30%–35%
  • 40%–50%

Frage 87

Frage
The best research design to determine the extent to which family experiences influence the development of psychopathic traits is:
Antworten
  • prospective longitudinal studies
  • retrospective studies
  • cross-sectional studies
  • experimental

Frage 88

Frage
Hervey Cleckley's book ____________________ provided one of the most extensive clinical descriptions of psychopaths.
Antworten
  • The Psychopath
  • Evil People
  • The Mask of Sanity
  • Master Manipulator

Frage 89

Frage
Which Canadian researcher developed the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised?
Antworten
  • Olson
  • Cleckley
  • Patrick
  • Hare
  • Hart

Frage 90

Frage
Psychopathic traits in youth are related to __________ but not _____________.
Antworten
  • depression and anxiety; IQ scores and education
  • IQ scores and education; depression and anxiety
  • depression and anxiety; violence and aggression
  • delinquency and aggression; depression and anxiety

Frage 91

Frage
Factor 2 is most strongly related to reoffending, substance abuse, lack of education, and:
Antworten
  • Emotional processing deficits
  • Predatory violence
  • Poor treatment response
  • Poor family background

Frage 92

Frage
The relatively small number of psychopaths account for:
Antworten
  • relatively small amount of crime
  • relatively small amount of violent crime
  • proportionate amount of crime
  • disproportionately large amount of crime

Frage 93

Frage
If an individual scored between 20 and 30 on the PCL-R, what would we classify them?
Antworten
  • psychopath
  • mixed group
  • nonpsychopath
  • average

Frage 94

Frage
Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is given when there is evidence of conduct disorder before the age of 15 and:
Antworten
  • a chronic pattern of disregarding the rights of others since age 2
  • a chronic pattern of disregarding the rights of others since age 15
  • a chronic pattern of rule violation since age 2
  • a chronic pattern of rule violation since age 15
  • none of the above

Frage 95

Frage
The two theories of psychopathy are:
Antworten
  • Response modulation deficit; affective theory
  • Startle-blink response; affective theory
  • Response modulation deficit; startle-blink response
  • Antisocial process screening; startle-blink response

Frage 96

Frage
In an experiment measuring cheating behaviours and psychopathy, the best predictor of cheating was:
Antworten
  • low scores on the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale
  • low scores on the Psychopathy Checklist Revised
  • high scores on the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale
  • high scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised
  • high scores on both the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised

Frage 97

Frage
In a study examining the use of instrumental motives, psychopaths engaged in instrumental murder in ______ of cases:
Antworten
  • 93%
  • 77%
  • 50%
  • 34%

Frage 98

Frage
Olver and Wong (2009) found that psychopathic offenders who remained in treatment were:
Antworten
  • more likely to violently reoffend
  • more likely to manipulate prison staff
  • less likely to violently reoffend
  • likely not to show any treatment gains

Frage 99

Frage
The most widely used self-report questionnaire to assess psychopathy are:
Antworten
  • Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised
  • Self-Report Psychopathy Scale
  • Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised
  • Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised and the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale

Frage 100

Frage
Which of the following is not a function of the amygdala?
Antworten
  • memory
  • decision making
  • language
  • defence reactions

Frage 101

Frage
In a study measuring psychopathy in a sample of community members ____ of these individuals scored zero on the PCL-SV.
Antworten
  • 10%
  • 19%
  • 44%
  • 71%

Frage 102

Frage
The "faint hope clause" allows offenders convicted of murder to:
Antworten
  • be released from prison after serving 5 years of their sentence
  • apply for parole before their eligibility date
  • apply for appeals
  • make special dietary request in prison

Frage 103

Frage
At least one major study has suggested that the higher rate of depression in women is largely due to:
Antworten
  • social and cultural factors
  • genetic predisposition
  • chemical imbalances.
  • men suppressing their own depression.

Frage 104

Frage
Experts believe that most phobias are caused by
Antworten
  • learning or observation of others
  • generalized anxiety.
  • psychodynamic conflict.
  • conformity to social expectations

Frage 105

Frage
____________________ disorders provide a mental escape from intolerable circumstances.
Antworten
  • Somatoform
  • Anxiety
  • Dissociative
  • Post-traumatic stress

Frage 106

Frage
Although the term neurosis has not been used officially since 1980, it applied to people who
Antworten
  • suffered from personal discomfort and distress and some impairment in functioning
  • lost touch with reality.
  • violated important social norms.
  • were more disturbed than those suffering from a psychosis

Frage 107

Frage
Delusions of grandeur and persecution are symptoms of:
Antworten
  • dissociation disorder
  • anxiety disorder.
  • schizophrenic disorder.
  • panic disorder.

Frage 108

Frage
“Positive” symptoms of schizophrenia are so-called because they are:
Antworten
  • present.
  • easy to treat.
  • diagnostic of the disorder.
  • desirable.

Frage 109

Frage
Which of the following does not describe people with antisocial personality disorder?
Antworten
  • They fear punishment.
  • They are irresponsible.
  • They seldom feel guilt
  • They are selfish.

Frage 110

Frage
Connie adopts ritualistic behaviours to help reduce anxiety that occurs when unwanted thoughts intrude into her awareness. Connie is displaying symptoms of
Antworten
  • obsessive-compulsive disorder.
  • dissociative disorder.
  • histrionic personality disorder.
  • conversion disorder.

Frage 111

Frage
The two major types of mood disorders are:
Antworten
  • seasonal affective disorders and negative symptom disorders
  • manic disorders and depressive disorders.
  • depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.
  • major depressive disorders and secondary mood disorders.

Frage 112

Frage
Brigit is afraid to leave her house. She rarely goes outside, even just to check her mail. Her sister needs to drive her to the local supermarket for shopping, but even with this assistance, Brigit is very uncomfortable. Given these symptoms, it appears that Brigit suffers from
Antworten
  • panic attacks
  • major depression.
  • social phobia.
  • agoraphobia.

Frage 113

Frage
Obsessions involve a
Antworten
  • persistent, irresistible, irrational urge to perform an act or ritual repeatedly.
  • generalized feeling of apprehension, fear, or tension that may be associated with a particular object or situation.
  • sudden loss of conscious and a failure to recall what took place during the episode.
  • persistent recurring involuntary thought, image, or impulse that invades consciousness and causes great distress.

Frage 114

Frage
Which of the following is not true of people suffering from a psychosis?
Antworten
  • They have seriously impaired functioning in everyday life.
  • They rarely lose contact with reality.
  • They sometimes require hospitalization for their disorder.
  • They may have delusions or hallucinations

Frage 115

Frage
Lenora tends to perceive every event as negative. If the phone rings, she thinks it’s a salesperson trying to bother her. If it doesn’t ring, she thinks no one cares about her. These negative interpretations are at the root of her depression, according to the
Antworten
  • psychodynamic perspective
  • social perspective
  • cognitive perspective
  • learning perspective.

Frage 116

Frage
Panic disorder, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are types of
Antworten
  • somatoform disorders
  • anxiety disorders.
  • dissociative disorders.
  • mood disorders.

Frage 117

Frage
People suffering from a(n) _________________ disorder lack normal empathic responses.
Antworten
  • antisocial personality
  • phobic
  • sleep
  • eating

Frage 118

Frage
The facial expressions, tone of voice, and gestures of people who suffer from schizophrenia often do not fit the situation. This is called
Antworten
  • negative symptoms.
  • flatness of affect.
  • inappropriate affect.
  • delusional behaviour.

Frage 119

Frage
Pamela suffers from a rare disorder in which two distinct personalities exist, each dominating at particular times. The condition Pamela is suffering is called
Antworten
  • conversion disorder.
  • dissociative identity disorder.
  • dissociative amnesia.
  • schizophrenia.

Frage 120

Frage
Low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine are believed to be connected to:
Antworten
  • depression.
  • panic attacks.
  • paraphilias.
  • delusions

Frage 121

Frage
People who are convinced that every mole is skin cancer and every heart palpitation is a heart attack are most likely suffering from:
Antworten
  • hypochondriasis
  • agoraphobia.
  • panic attacks
  • dysthymia

Frage 122

Frage
Which of the following perspectives suggests that faulty thinking or distorted perceptions contribute to some types of psychological disorders
Antworten
  • The learning perspective
  • The biological perspective
  • The cognitive perspective
  • The humanistic perspective

Frage 123

Frage
People who experience excessive anxiety or worries that they find difficult to control are suffering from a:
Antworten
  • panic attack
  • generalized anxiety disorder.
  • phobia.
  • compulsive disorder.

Frage 124

Frage
A disorder characterized by periods of extreme depression or mania is a ______________ disorder.
Antworten
  • dissociative
  • mood
  • personality
  • somatoform

Frage 125

Frage
Personality disorders from cluster B (including borderline and narcissistic) involve:
Antworten
  • erratic, overly dramatic behaviour.
  • anxious, fearful behaviour.
  • odd behaviour.
  • depressed, withdrawn behaviour.

Frage 126

Frage
Personality disorders from cluster B (including borderline and narcissistic) involve
Antworten
  • erratic, overly dramatic behaviour.
  • anxious, fearful behaviour.
  • odd behaviour.
  • depressed, withdrawn behaviour.

Frage 127

Frage
According to the criteria for defining abnormal behaviour, when a behaviour interferes with the quality of a person’s life, then it is considered:
Antworten
  • dangerous to the person or to other people
  • a symptom of insanity.
  • maladaptive.
  • unusual in all cultures around the world.

Frage 128

Frage
What is the term for an irrational fear and avoidance of situations in which people believe they might embarrass or humiliate themselves by appearing clumsy, foolish, or incompetent?
Antworten
  • Social phobia
  • Specific phobia
  • Agoraphobia
  • Complex phobia

Frage 129

Frage
The view that schizophrenia develops from both genetic predisposition and excessive stress is called
Antworten
  • the dopamine activity model.
  • the causal model of schizophrenia.
  • the diathesis-stress model.
  • the socio-cultural model.

Frage 130

Frage
Which perspective emphasizes the role of the id, ego, and superego in defining psychological abnormality?
Antworten
  • the cognitive perspective
  • the psychodynamic perspective
  • the learning perspective
  • the biological perspective

Frage 131

Frage
Compulsion is to ________ as obsession is to _________.
Antworten
  • anxiety; depression
  • negative symptom; positive symptom
  • neurosis; psychosis
  • behaviour; thought

Frage 132

Frage
Paranoid, narcissistic, and histrionic are three types of:
Antworten
  • dissociation disorders
  • paraphilias.
  • personality disorders.
  • schizophrenias
Zusammenfassung anzeigen Zusammenfassung ausblenden

Möchten Sie mit GoConqr kostenlos Ihre eigenen Quiz erstellen? eigenen Mehr erfahren.

ähnlicher Inhalt

History of Psychology
mia.rigby
Biological Psychology - Stress
Gurdev Manchanda
Bowlby's Theory of Attachment
Jessica Phillips
Psychology subject map
Jake Pickup
Psychology A1
Ellie Hughes
Memory Key words
Sammy :P
Psychology | Unit 4 | Addiction - Explanations
showmestarlight
The Biological Approach to Psychology
Gabby Wood
Chapter 5: Short-term and Working Memory
krupa8711
Cognitive Psychology - Capacity and encoding
T W
Nervous Systems and the Brain - Lecture 1
Georgina Burchell
Bibliothek durchsuchen