3745127
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A voluntary professional association for respiratory care practitioners.
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TJC - The Joint Commission
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CRT
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RRT
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AARC
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NBRC
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The national credentialing agency for respiratory care practitioners.
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CRT
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RRT
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AARC
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NBRC
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JCAHO
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One who successfully passes the Entry Level exam earns these credentials.
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JCAHO
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CRT
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RRT
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AARC
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NBRC
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One who passes the Advanced Practioner level exam earns these credentials.
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JCAHO
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CRT
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RRT
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AARC
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NBRC
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A private, voluntary association that establishes standards for accrediting institutions responsible for health care.
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TJC- The Joint Commission
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CRT
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RRT
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AARC
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NBRC
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Freedom to decide about one's own care?
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Veracity
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Autonomy
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Confidentiality
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Nonmaleficence
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Beneficence
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Binds the patient and the health care provider to tell the truth.
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Veracity
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Autonomy
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Confidentiality
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Nonmaleficence
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Beneficence
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Privileged information, which may not be revealed without express permission.
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Veracity
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Autonomy
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Confidentiality
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Non-maleficence
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Beneficence
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Never use treatment to injure or harm the sick.
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Veracity
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Autonomy
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Confidenitaltiy
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Nonmaleficence
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Beneficence
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Requires that the care giver actively contribute to the health and well being of the patient.
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Veracity
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Autonomy
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Confidentiality
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Nonmaleficence
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Beneficence
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Any conduct which creates a resonable apprehension of being touched in an injurous manner
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Negligence
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Assault
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Slander
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Libel
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Malpractice
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The failure to do something that a reasonable person, guided by ordinary considerations, would do.
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Negligence
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Assault
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Slander
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Libel
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Malpractice
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Defamation by the written word
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Negligence
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Assault
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Slander
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Libel
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Malpractice
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Defamation by oral speech
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Negligence
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Assault
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Slander
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Libel
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Malpractice
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Unreasonable lack of skills to fulfill professional duties
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Negligence
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Assault
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Slander
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Libel
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Malpractice
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A predefined category of admitting diagnoses, which have a fixed rate of reimbursement
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Therapist Driven Protocol
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DRG
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Licensure
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CQI
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Credentialing
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An ongoing process designed to detect and correct factors that interfere with the delivery of quality, cost effective health care
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Therapist Driven Protocol
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DRG
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Licensure
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CQI
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Credentialing
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A specific algorithm used by RCPs to independently initiate and adjust therapy using guidelines established by medical staff
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Therapist Driven Protocol
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DRG
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Licensure
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CQI
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Credentialing
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A process whereby a private agency recognizes that certain qualification have been met by an individual to work as a Respiratory Care Practitioner.
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Therapist Driven Protocol
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DRG
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Licensure
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CQI
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Credentialing
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Permission granted by a government agency to practice an occupation
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Therapist Driven Protocol
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DRG
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Licensure
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CQI
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Credentialing
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An approach based on the natural course of an ilness that integrates the way the products and services are used and reimbursed
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Evidence Based Medicine
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Disease Management
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Patient Focused Care
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Peer Review Organizations
Frage 22
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A service outside the scope of a respiratory therapist's care would be:
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Pulmonary function studies
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Managing mechanical ventilators
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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Assisting with laser bronchoscopy
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Performing a tracheotomy ( a surgical opening in the throat)
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using therapist driven protocols
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Ensure consistency among providers
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Better allocation of resources
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Better to meet the needs of a patient's changing clinical condition
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Requires the practitioner to remain in constant contact with the physician
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Addresses the issue of cost containment
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The main reason thta the state requires all practicing RCPs to have a current license from the Board of Medicine
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So they can collect more money for the state budget
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To help ensure that only qualified personnel are performing patient care duties
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To keep a current record of the number of RCPs in Virginia
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To identify which programs practioners have completed their education and training
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When making your patient rounds, you have a heated discussion with a staff nurse who refuses to allow you to give a patient a STAT breathing treatment ordered until she first gives the patinet a bath. To resolve this issue, you should first notify the:
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Doctor
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Shift supervisor
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Ordering physician
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Medical director
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Department director
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Asepsis is defined as:
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The absence of all living things
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The absence of disease producing microorganisms
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The absence of all forms of microorganisms
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The absence of only bacteria
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Sterile is defined as:
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The absence of all living organisms
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The absence of disease producing microorganisms
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The absence of contaminants
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The absence of bacteria
Frage 28
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Infection control strategies aim to do all of the following EXCEPT:
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Create barriers to transmission
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Monitor and evaluate control procedures
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Categorize patients at risk
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Eliminate the source of the pathogen
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A term used to describe a microorganism capable of producing disease
Bacteria
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Bacteria
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Virus
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Pathogen
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Virulent
Frage 30
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Nosocomial infections are ___________ acquired infections
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Community
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Hospital
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Strictly respiratory
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Sexually
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To minimize the spread of infection, you should wash your hands for a minimum of _________ between patients.
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15 seconds
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30 seconds
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60 seconds
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2 minutes
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Most hospital acquired infections will be caused by:
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Viruses
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Fungi
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Bacteria
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Protozoa
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Unless otherwise indicated, this type of precaution should be used for all patients.
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Strict Isolation Precautions
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Standard precautions
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Transmission based precautions
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Contact precautions
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Once properly identified, viruses often respond to antibiotic therapy.
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- True
- False
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Which types of patients are particularly susceptible to nosocomial infections?
(select all that apply)
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Diabetics
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Immunosuppressed
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Radiation therapy
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Surgical
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Non-medicated psychiatric
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Patients with artifical airways, such as a trach, are at increased risk for nosocomial infections because:
(select all that apply)
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The normal filtration system of the upper airway is bypassed
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Contamination of the trach during routine care, such as suctioning
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Predisposing condition, such as COPD, weakens the immune system
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The single most important method of reducing hospital acquired infections is:
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Do not touch the patient’s nose
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Good hand washing technique
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Double bagging of all respiratory equipment
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Putting all trached patient’s in isolation
Frage 38
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The most difficult of all pathogens to kill are
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Bacteria
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Viruses
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Spores
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Fungi
Frage 39
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Which of the following is NOT a major route of infection into the lung
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Blood borne
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Contact
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Aspiration
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Inhalation
Frage 40
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A lab method used for classifying bacteria
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Bronchoscopy
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Isolation
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Gram staining
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Surveillance
Frage 41
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Protective or reverse isolation is required for all of the following types of patients EXCEPT:
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Burn
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Transplant
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Immunosuppressed
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Pediatric
Frage 42
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When water is not available, which of the following may be used as long as hands are not visibly dirty?
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Gel containing 25% alcohol
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Rinse containing 60% alcohol
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Bleach
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Betadine
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Hydrogen peroxide
Frage 43
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A Ziehl-Neelsen stain, also called an acid fast test, is used to specifically identify which organism?
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Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
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Staphylococcus
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Spores
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Unlike airborne precautions, droplet precautions are used for infectious agents which usually do not travel beyond this distance.
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1 foot
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3 feet
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6 feet
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12 feet
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Masks, gowns, gloves and goggles are items which are considered:
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Personal protective equipment
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Sterile attire
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Accessory equipment
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Standard attire
Frage 46
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Of the following, which type of infection is most likely to lead to death?
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Blood
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Pulmonary
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Urinary tract
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Superficial
Frage 47
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The most common route for the spread of nosocomial infections
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Blood Borne
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Vector
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Contact
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Airborne
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Of the various sources of infection within the hospital, which are NOT easily controlled?
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Staff
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Visitors
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Equipment
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Patients
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The single most important method to infection control is:
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Wearing gloves
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Washing Hands
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Using standard precautions
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Isolating patients
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One who carries a microorganism
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Host
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Vehicle
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Guest
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Colony
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Disease causing organisms are called:
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Germs
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Pathogens
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Nosocomial
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Bugs
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A possible by-product of ethylene oxide sterilization is:
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Polyhydrine chlorate
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Ethylene monoxide
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Ethylene gylcol
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Sodium hypochlorite
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Of the follwoing choices, which method of cleaning is the BEST for instruments which are used to enter the body or the blood stream?
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Detergent washing
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High level disinfection
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Sterilization
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Intermediate level disinfection
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The most difficult of all pathogens to kill:
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Bacteria
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Viruses
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Fungi
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Spores
Frage 55
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What method of disinfection uses hot water immersion at 63-70 C for 30 minutes?
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Autoclaving
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Pasteurization
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ETO
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Broths
Frage 56
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What are the major consideration when using disposable equipment?
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Cost
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Quality
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Accesability
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Convenience
Frage 57
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The preferred method fo sterilization of equipment that has been grossly contaminated with an extremely virulent (aggressive) pathogen, and is no longer of use, is which of the following?
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ETO
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Irradiation
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Incineration
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Autoclaving
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An item has returned from the Central Sterile Suppy after being autoclaved. The outside processing color indicator has converted showing heat exposure. You now know:
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The item is sterile
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It has been properly exposed to gas
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It has been properly exposed to steam
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It has been properly exposed to Cidex
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Of the follwoing techniques, which is not capable of sterilization?
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Pasteurization
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ETO
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Irradiation
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Gluteradehyde
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What is the appropriate concentration of ethyl or isopropyl alcohol when used for surface disinfection?
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40% -50%
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50% - 60%
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70% - 90%
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100%
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Sterilization is achieved by various means through effecting the cells in which way(s)?
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Denaturation
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Coagulation
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Surface tension reduction
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Interference with metabolism/reproduction
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Which of the following do we depend upon to guarantee sterilization?
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Biologic inidcator strip/capsule (Attest)
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Heat sensitive tape
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Gas sensitive tape
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Thermo couplers
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Quality control requires use of both cylce strips (gas or steam) and biologic indicators to confirm proper processing.
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- True
- False
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Once activated, Cidex will be fully potent for:
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24-72 hours
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5-7 days
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7-10 days
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14 days
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28 days
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The pH range for Cidex is:
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2.5 - 3.5
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4.5 - 5.5
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7.35 - 7.45
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7.5-8.5
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Once opened, sterile fluids may be used within ___ before they should be disposed.
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8 hours
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12 hours
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24 hours
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48 hours
Frage 67
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The types of tests for contamination include all of the following except:
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Swab surfaces
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Broths
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Ethylene oxide
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Sporacidal capsules
Frage 68
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Which of the following steps is not part of basic equipment processing?
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Wash then rinse or surface disinfect
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Pre-soak in glutaraldehyde for 20 minutes
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Air dry completely
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Package as required
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A simple disinfectant made with vinegar and water (1:3) contains which of the following?
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Cidex
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Sodium hypochlorite
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Ethylene glycol
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Acetic acid
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"Processing by risk" means:
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Risk to the employee must be considered
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Risk to the equipment must be considered
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How the item is to be used determines the level of cleaning required
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Determining how long the equipment is considered useable once properly cleaned
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Alcohol is best used for:
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Sterilization
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Surface disinfection
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Soaking electronic equipment
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All of the above
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Another name for bleach is:
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Sonacide
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Sodium hypochlorite
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Ethylene glycol
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Acetic acid
Frage 73
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A method which combines heat and pressure to achieve sterilization
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Autoclaving
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Pasteurization
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Ethylene oxide
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Ionizing radiation
Frage 74
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Fluid and medication precautions include which of the following?
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Use sterile fluids
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Whenever possible, use medications that the patient has brought from home
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Use unit dose vials
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Dispose of unused fluids immediatley after opening
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When using contact precautions, where should single patient use equipment be disposed?
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Proper trash receptacle inside the patient's room
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Inside the respiratory department
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Central sterile
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At the nurse's station
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The chemical symbol for nitric oxide gas is: [blank_start]NO[blank_end]
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NO
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The chemical symbol for carbon dioxide gas is [blank_start]CO2[blank_end]
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CO2
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The chemical symbol for Oxygen is [blank_start]O2[blank_end]
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O2
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The chemical symbol for Helium gas is [blank_start]He[blank_end]
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He
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The chemical symbol for Nitrogen gas is [blank_start]N[blank_end]
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N
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The color code for CO2 gas is [blank_start]Grey[blank_end]
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Grey
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The color code for Helium gas is [blank_start]Brown[blank_end]
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Brown
Frage 83
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The color code for Nitrous oxide gas is [blank_start]blue[blank_end]
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blue
Frage 84
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The color code for air is [blank_start]yellow[blank_end]
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yellow
Frage 85
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The color code for oxygen is [blank_start]green[blank_end]
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green
Frage 86
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Our natural atmosphere contains [blank_start]21[blank_end]% oxygen
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21
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Our natural atmosphere contains [blank_start]78[blank_end]% nitrogen
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78
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Oxygen will explode at 100% purity
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- True
- False
Frage 89
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Oxygen is produced commercially through the process of
Antworten
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Friction
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Fractional distillation of liquid air
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Fracturing liquid air
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Breaking down water using a molecular sieve
Frage 90
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Taking safety into consideration, at what pressure is it recommended to change used tanks for a full tank?
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500 psi
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100 psi
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200 psi
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When it is completely empty
Frage 91
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As a safety device, if an E cylinder's internal pressure or temperature is rising to dangerous levels, the _________ will activate thereby releasing the gas safely.
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Fusible plug
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Frangible disk
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Teflon washer
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Gas loc seal
Frage 92
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If a medical gas cylinder has a "+" mark after its service pressure, it may be filled up to ___ psi.
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2000
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2100
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2200
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2440
Frage 93
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Standards of gas purity are set by the
Antworten
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Compressed Gas Association
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Food and Drug Administration
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American Medical Association
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American Association for Respiratory Care
Frage 94
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Which organization requires color coding of gas cylinders?
Antworten
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Food and Drug Administration
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Department of Transportation
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National Fire and Protection Agency
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Compressed Gas Association
Frage 95
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The ___________________ is a safety system, for tanks larger than E, that uses threaded connections, which vary in thread number and thread angle, so that similar sized cylinders containing dissimilar gases cannot be misused.
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American Standard Safety System
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Diameter Index Safety System
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Pin Index Safety System
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Thread Index Safety System
Frage 96
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The ONLY sure way to verify that oxygen is contained in a cylinder is by:
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Reading the label
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Verifying the color code
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Analyzing the gas contents
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Attaching the proper regulator
Frage 97
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A device that incorporates both a reducing valve and a flow device is a ________________.
Antworten
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Analyzer
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Flow meter
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Regulator
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Gas loc seal
Frage 98
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An H cylinder of oxygen contains ________ cu ft. of gas.
Antworten
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22
-
244
-
50
-
44
Frage 99
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What style regulator do small size cylinders use?
Antworten
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Threaded
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Yoke style
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Thorpe
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"Bore" style
Frage 100
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The safety system that applies to the valve outlets of small cylinders
Antworten
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Pin Index Safety System
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Diameter Index Safety System
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Threaded Index Safety System
-
Quick Connect Safety System
Frage 101
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As a safety device, if an H cylinder's internal temperature or pressure rises to dangerous levels, the _________________ will activate, thereby safely releasing the gas.
Antworten
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Fusible plug
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Frangible disk
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Teflon washer
-
Regulator
Frage 102
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What is the purpose of "cracking" the tank?
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To test if the gas has a smell before connecting the regulator
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To prevent debris from entering the regulator
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To determine if there is a leak in the tank
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To test to see if the safety system is working properly
Frage 103
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The only accurate method to determine the contents of a liquid filled cylinder is
Antworten
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Read the pressure gauge
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Weigh the cylinder
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Turn the flow-meter to flush and measure how much gas comes out
-
Determine the temperature of the gas in the tank as gas volume is affected by temperature
Frage 104
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If a tank is leaking after putting on a regulator, which of the following is the proper course of action?
Antworten
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Check and tighten all connections
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Replace the tank
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Check the outlet for debris
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Check/replace the washer
Frage 105
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Calculate the duration of flow from the cylinder. Your final answer must be in hours and minutes.
A full H cylinder when the flowmeter is set at 5L/min. For safety reasons, assume that you will NOT use all of the gas in the cylinder
Antworten
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23 hours and 2 minutes
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2 hours and 3 minutes
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17 hours and 47 minutes
-
1 hour and 35 minutes
Frage 106
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Calculate the duration of flow from the following cylinder.
An E cylinder containing 1250 psi and the flowmeter is set at 3L/min. For safety reasons, assume that you will NOT use all of the gas in the cylinder.
Antworten
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1 hour and 10 minutes
-
1 hour and 56 minutes
-
65 hours and 25 minutes
-
39 hours and 15 minutes
Frage 107
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Calculate the duration of flow for the following cylinder.
An E cylinder containing 1800 psi and the flowmeter is set at 2L/min. For safety reasons, assume that you will NOT use all of the gas in the cylinder.
Antworten
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4 hours and 12 minutes
-
3 hours and 2 minutes
-
47 hours and 6 minutes
-
68 hours
Frage 108
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Calculate the duration of flow for the following cylinder.
An H cylinder containing 1200 psi and the flowmeter is set at 8L/min. For safety reasons, assume that you will NOT use all of the gas in the cylinder.
Antworten
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7 hours and 51 minutes
-
3 hours and 16 minutes
-
25 minutes
-
4 hours and 35 minutes
Frage 109
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A patient has a nasal cannula and needs to be transported with an E cylinder that is lying flat underneath the stretcher. You would recommend using which type of flowmeter?
Antworten
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A Thorpe tube flow meter
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An air oxygen proportioner
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Bourdon style flow meter
-
Quick connect
Frage 110
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Which of the following safety systems is utilized for equipment operating at less than 200 psi to prevent misconnections to inappropriate gases?
Antworten
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Diameter Index Safety System
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American Index Safety System
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Pin Index Safety System
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Frangible disk and fusible plug combinations
Frage 111
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If the outlet of a Bourdon gauge became partially obstructed creating back pressure, the indicated flow would ___________.
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Show no flow
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Be lower than you set
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Be higher than you set
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Show no change at all
Frage 112
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It is possible to distinguish between a single stage reducing valve and a multi-stage reducing valve by counting the number of _____________.
Antworten
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Gauges
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Threads
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Pins
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Pop-offs
Frage 113
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When using this type of flowmeter the ball will jump when plugged into a gas source
Antworten
-
Compensated thorpe tube
-
Uncompensated thorpe tube
-
Bourdon gauge
-
Flowmeter calibrated to be used with Heliox
Frage 114
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The Bourdon gauge measures:
Antworten
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Tidal Volume
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Pressure
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Oxygen percentage
-
Type of cylinder content
Frage 115
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Used as an alternative means for providing air to a patient without using an air cylinder
Antworten
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Manifold
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Compressor
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Regulator
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Concentrator
Frage 116
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The standard working pressure for medical gas equipment is ________.
Antworten
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.28 psi
-
3.14 psi
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2200 psi
-
50 psi
-
200 psi
Frage 117
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The device which converts the high pressure within a cylinder to a workable pressure is a:
Antworten
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Reducing valve
-
Kinetic flowmeter
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A pop-off valve
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A zone valve
Frage 118
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Bulk piping alarms activate when:
Antworten
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The system detects a drop in pressure
-
The gas supply is completely empty
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The system detects an interruption in gas flow, possibly because of an obstruction
-
The system has been tampered with
Frage 119
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The NFPA standard for bulk oxygen systems requires that the reserve supply be:
Antworten
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Equal to the average of one days use (24 hours)
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A fixed bank of 75 H cylinders
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At least three small liquid cylinders
-
100 ft of gas per bed
Frage 120
Frage
The advantage to using liquid bulk storage oxygen systems is:
Antworten
-
A great deal of gas is available from a relatively small amount of liquid oxygen
-
It is the most economical means of providing oxygen to a facility
-
It provides a continuous oxygen supply to multiple station outlets
-
It provides oxygen at a uniform pressure of 50 psi
Frage 121
Frage
The terminal point of a piping system where equipment, such as a flowmeter, can be connected is the:
Antworten
-
Station outlet
-
Manifold
-
Zone valve
-
Main shut off
Frage 122
Frage
A device used to both reduce pressure and control the flow from a medical gas cylinder is:
Antworten
-
Compressor
-
Thrope tube flowmeter
-
Reducing valve
-
Regulator
Frage 123
Frage
The key property of helium which makes it useful as a therapeutic gas is its:
Antworten
-
Low solubility
-
Low density
-
Poor conductive qualities
-
Chemical inertness
Frage 124
Frage
The limiting factor of a Thorpe tube flowmeter is:
Antworten
-
Size
-
Weight
-
Gravity
-
Cost
Frage 125
Frage
When using a Thorpe tube style flowmeter, where should you look to read the actual flow being delivered?
Antworten
-
At the top of ball
-
The middle of the ball
-
At the bottom of the ball
Frage 126
Frage
This device is used to mix both air and oxygen proportionally to deliver a specific FIO2
Antworten
-
Compressor
-
Concentrator
-
Blender
-
Manifold system
Frage 127
Frage
When oxygen is in use, which of the following items should be avoided?
Antworten
-
Smoking materials
-
Electrical devices
-
Friction toys
Frage 128
Frage
As a safety precaution, when oxygen is in use, a sign should be visibly posted.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 129
Frage
This type of alarm will sound when low pressure is sensed while using an air-oxygen proportioner:
Antworten
-
Shut off alarm
-
Pop off alarm
-
Manifold alarm
-
Reed alarm
Frage 130
Frage
The purpose of a pop off valve is:
Antworten
-
To whistle when gas pressure has been reduced to 50 psi
-
To act as a safety mechanism and vent excessive gas pressure
-
To convert high pressure to working pressure
-
To regulate flow to the patient
Frage 131
Frage
This type of valve is used Used to isolate regions during times of maintenance or for fire safety without cutting off the entire system
Antworten
-
Main shut off valves
-
Reed Alarms
-
Zone Valves
-
Compressors
Frage 132
Frage
You are called to assist in transporting a patient to radiology. The patient is currently on oxygen therapy using a nasal cannula set at 2 liter per minute. According to the nurse, the test will take exactly 2 hours. The room that will be used during the test does not have piped oxygen available. You have obtained an “E” cylinder containing 1500 psi. According to the information above, will you have enough oxygen in the tank to last during the procedure?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 133
Frage
Alveolar oxygen tension is determined by:
Antworten
-
How much oxygen is available to breathe
-
How much oxygen can move across the a/c membrane
-
How much oxygen is needed to properly resaturate red blood cells
-
Ventilation
Frage 134
Frage
Which symbol represents the fraction of inspired air?
Antworten
-
FaO2
-
FiO2
-
PaO2
-
PAO2
Frage 135
Frage
Total barometric pressure at sea level is:
Antworten
-
570 mmHg
-
760 mmHg
-
100 mmHg
-
47 mmHg
Frage 136
Frage
The movement of air in and out of the lungs is called:
Antworten
-
Ventilation
-
Respiration
-
Diffusion
-
Absorption
Frage 137
Frage
Which of the following in NOT a response to inadequate oxygen supply?
Antworten
-
Increased heart rate
-
Increased blood pressure
-
Hiccups
-
Increased work of breathing
Frage 138
Frage
When oxygen therapy is indicated, what is the role of the RT?
Antworten
-
Select the proper mode of administration
-
Select the proper dosage
-
Monitor patient response
-
Recommend necessary changes
Frage 139
Frage
An inadequate quantity of oxygen in the blood
Antworten
-
Hypoxemia
-
Tachycardia
-
Asphyxia
-
Anemia
Frage 140
Frage
This can occur when high concentrations of oxygen are used and the oxygen replaces the nitrogen in the alveoli.
Antworten
-
Oxygen washout
-
Absorption atelectasis
-
Hypoxic drive
-
CO2 washout
Frage 141
Frage
This type of hypoxia may result from anemia, carbon monoxide poisoning or sickle cell disease
Antworten
-
Stagnant hypoxia
-
Dysoxia
-
Hypoxemic Hypoxia
-
Hemoglobin deficiency
Frage 142
Frage
In a "normal, healthy person", the body's main stimulus to breathe is rising levels of ____________________.
Antworten
-
Nitrogen
-
Oxygen
-
Carbon dioxide
-
Helium
Frage 143
Frage
The toxic effects of oxygen result from a combination of [blank_start]time[blank_end] and the amount of [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end].
Antworten
-
time
-
oxygen
Frage 144
Frage
Assessing a patient's need for oxygen includes which of the following?
Antworten
-
Lab testing (ABG)
-
Pulse oximetry
-
Current clinical condition
-
Bedside assessment
Frage 145
Frage
COPD patients receiving aggressive oxygen therapy are particularly at risk for:
Antworten
-
Retrolental Fibroplasia
-
Oxygen Induced Hypoventilation
-
Pneumonia
-
Stroke
Frage 146
Frage
How much oxygen is in room air?
Antworten
-
15%
-
21%
-
50%
-
100%
Frage 147
Frage
This type of hypoxia may result from high altitude, hypoventilation or diffusion defects.
Antworten
-
Stagnant hypoxia
-
Hemoglobin deficiency
-
Dysoxia
-
Hypoxemic hypoxia
Frage 148
Frage
The body's first sign of hypoxemia is:
Antworten
-
Peripheral vasodilation
-
Pulmonary vasoconstriction
-
Tachycardia
-
Hypotension
Frage 149
Frage
How does hypoxemia affect the neurologic system?
Antworten
-
Confusion
-
Lethargy
-
Agitation
-
Disorientation
Frage 150
Frage
Oxygen toxicity results when using a [blank_start]FiO2[blank_end] greater than [blank_start]60[blank_end]% for [blank_start]12[blank_end] to [blank_start]24[blank_end] hours
Antworten
-
FiO2
-
60
-
12
-
24
Frage 151
Frage
Which of the following gases primarily serves to hold the alveoli open?
Antworten
-
Nitrogen
-
Oxygen
-
Carbon dioxide
-
Water vapor
Frage 152
Frage
To prevent ROP or RLF, PaO2 should be kept between ___________.
Antworten
-
50-75 torr
-
50-100 torr
-
75-100 torr
-
Over 100 torr
Frage 153
Frage
A COPD patient often has chronic hypercarbia and mild hypoxemia. As a result, they rely on the _____________ to breathe
Antworten
-
Oxygen drive
-
Hypoxic drive
-
Central chemoreceptors
-
Nitrogen washout
Frage 154
Frage
For a healthy person, the normal PaO2 range while breathing room air is _____________.
Antworten
-
Less than 40 torr
-
60-70 torr
-
80-100 torr
-
Greater than 100 torr
Frage 155
Frage
A PaO2 of 60-70 mmHg would be considered _______________
Antworten
-
Normal
-
Mild hypoxia
-
Moderate hypoxia
-
Severe hypoxia
Frage 156
Frage
With oxygen therapy and relief of tissue hypoxia, the RCP can expect a clearer sensorium and a more alert patient.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 157
Frage
This type of hypoxemia does not respond to traditional oxygen therapy
Antworten
-
Persistent hypoxemia
-
Intermittent hypoxemia
-
Refractory hypoxemia
-
Peripheral hypoxemia
Frage 158
Frage
Adjusting FiO2 gradually (5%) may minimize the risk of atelectasis
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 159
Frage
Regardless of the risk, you should never withholds supplemental oxygen from a hypoxic patient.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 160
Frage
Which patient population is at risk of developing ROP/RLF
Antworten
-
Newborns
-
Toddlers
-
Adolescents
-
Elderly
Frage 161
Frage
BTPS stands for:
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 162
Frage
Humidity, as water vapor, is water in a ________________form.
Antworten
-
Relative
-
Molecular
-
Hyperbaric
-
Atomic
Frage 163
Frage
When a gas has a content that is equal to its capacity, what is it the relative humidity?
Antworten
-
25%
-
50%
-
75%
-
100%
Frage 164
Frage
When a gas is holding less than its maximum capacity, the amount of water it would take to re-saturate the gas is the :
Antworten
-
Dew Point
-
Humidity Deficit
-
Relative Humidity
-
Isothermic Saturation Boundary
Frage 165
Frage
What is the goal for humidity therapy for the patient who has an artificial airway who is receiving medical gas therapy?
Antworten
-
To supply a water vapor saturated gas
-
To provide cool mist therapy
-
Correct To provide humidification and warmth at saturation levels for BTPS
-
To increased vapor content of dry therapeutic gases and return humidity to approximate ambient levels
Frage 166
Frage
If the supplemental level of humidity is greater than required by the patient, which of the
following can occur?
Antworten
-
Humidity deficit
-
Decreased work of breathing
-
Fluid overload
-
Isothermic Saturation
Frage 167
Frage
Where would you expect to find condensation?
Antworten
-
Inside aerosol tubing
-
On any surface which moisture may hit
-
Inside Nebulizers
-
All of the above
Frage 168
Frage
Cool humidity therapy can be used to treat which of the following?
Antworten
-
Croup
-
Epiglottitis
-
Post extubation edema
-
All of the above
Frage 169
Frage
When dry secretions are rehydrated, they could potentially form ______, which could cause airway obstructions.
Antworten
-
Mucous plugs
-
Consolidations
-
Droplets
-
Particles
Frage 170
Frage
The amount of water which can be contained in any gas is limited by its temperature.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 171
Frage
An expression of the percentage of water vapor compared to a saturated state.
Antworten
-
Absolute Humidity
-
Relative Humidity
-
Saturated
-
Humidity Deficit
Frage 172
Frage
When a gas, at a given temperature, is holding as much water as possible, it is said to be
fully_________
Antworten
-
Particulated
-
Pressurized
-
Saturated
-
Condensated
Frage 173
Frage
Keeping the amount of humidity that a patient must contribute to a minimum will reduce the overall stress to the body.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 174
Frage
Which of the following is a vehicle for pathogens?
Antworten
-
Molecular water in the form of humidity
-
Condensation in the from of particulate droplet
-
All of the above
Frage 175
Frage
Simple humidifiers are designed to return dry therapeutic gases to approximatley ___ relative humidity
Antworten
-
25%
-
50%
-
75%
-
100%
Frage 176
Frage
The primary function of the upper airway is to ________ inspired air.
Antworten
-
Warm
-
Humidify
-
Filter
-
All of the above
Frage 177
Frage
Once a gas that is fully saturated at a given temperature begins to cool, the temperature at which condensation begins to form is called the:
Antworten
-
Dew Point
-
Boiling point
-
Critical temperature
-
Humidity deficit
Frage 178
Frage
What is the main goal of humidity therapy for the patient with an intact airway who is receiving medical gas?
Antworten
-
To supply a water vapor saturated gas
-
To increase water vapor content of dry therapeutic gases and return humidity to approximate ambient levels
-
To chill the upper airway's mucosal membrane
-
To provide humidification and warmth at saturation levels for BTPS
Frage 179
Frage
If a gas, at a certain temperature, is holding its full potential of water vapor and is then heated, the potential to hold water vapor will
Antworten
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Remain the same
Frage 180
Frage
In a normal individual, at what level in the airway does the inspired atmosphere each BTPS?
Antworten
-
Larynx
-
Right mainstem
-
Alevolar capillary membrane
-
Isothermic Saturation Boundary
Frage 181
Frage
Neonates are at greater risk of overhydration
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 182
Frage
At the alveolar level, water vapor exerts a partial pressure of ____________ mmHg
Antworten
-
37
-
44
-
47
-
50
Frage 183
Frage
Water is constantly lost from the lungs and the skin through breathing and sweating.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 184
Frage
Which route of inhalation is more efficient for heating and humidifying inspired air?
Antworten
-
Nose
-
Mouth
-
Either route is the same
Frage 185
Frage
Which type of flow aids evaporation and allows for more moisture to be "picked up" in the gas stream?
Antworten
-
Low flow
-
High flow
-
Flow is irrelevant
Frage 186
Frage
Which of the following is NOT a hazard of humidity therapy?
Antworten
-
Alteration of heat and water exchange
-
Risk of infection
-
Electrical Hazards
-
Oxygen toxicity
Frage 187
Frage
Unheated bubble humidifiers are intended to restore ambient humidity to approximately
______ of relative humidity.
Antworten
-
10% - 20%
-
25% - 35%
-
40% - 50%
-
50% - 75%
Frage 188
Frage
Which of the following techniques should be used to minimize the risk of infection when using humidity
therapy.
Antworten
-
Sterile replacements every 24 hours
-
Close feed reservoir systems
-
Use prepackaged sterile, disposable units
-
Drain condensation away from the reservoir
-
All of the above
Frage 189
Frage
Hazards of condensation include which of the following?
Antworten
-
Aspiration risk
-
Risk of infection
-
Disruption of gas flow
-
Potential altering of FiO2
-
All of the above
Frage 190
Frage
The following are goals of humidity therapy EXCEPT:
Antworten
-
Prevent drying of mucosa
-
Compensate for a humidity deficit
-
Provide an exact FiO2 to the patient under any condition
-
To provide cool aerosols to soothe irritated airways
Frage 191
Frage
Which of the following are examples of large volume, warmed humidifiers. Choose all that apply.
Antworten
-
Wick style
-
Bubble
-
Heat moisture ex-changer
-
Cascade
Frage 192
Frage
HME's are classified as _________________ humidifiers.
Antworten
-
Classic
-
Patient dependent
-
Active
-
Passive
Frage 193
Frage
Which of the following factors effect humidifier output?
Antworten
-
Surface area
-
Contact Time
-
Temperature
-
Gas Flow
-
All of the above
Frage 194
Frage
If the temperature of a gas drops, the ability to hold water vapor will ___________________.
Antworten
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay the same
-
Unknown
Frage 195
Frage
Which of the following are disadvantages of using a heat moisture exchanger? Choose all that apply.
Antworten
-
Less effective than a heated, humidified system
-
Will occlude with heavy secretions
-
Disposable
-
Must be removed when giving aerosol treatments
Frage 196
Frage
Condensation or "Rain Out" is dependent on which of the following:
Antworten
-
The temperature difference from the humdifier to the patient airway
-
Ambient temperature
-
Gas flow
-
Length, diameter and thermal mass of the breathing circuit
-
All of the above
Frage 197
Frage
Which type of patients require using warmed humidifiers.
Antworten
-
Patients with artificial airways
-
Patients with intact upper airways
-
Patients with Asthma
-
Patients who are hyperthermic
Frage 198
Frage
Warmed humidifiers aim to deliver ______ body humidity.
Antworten
-
25%
-
50%
-
75%
-
100%
Frage 199
Frage
HME's can provide ____________ humidity
Antworten
-
25%-50%
-
50% - 75%
-
60% - 90%
-
100%
Frage 200
Frage
Another name for a heat moisture ex-changer is:
Antworten
-
Artificial lung
-
Artificial nose
-
Re-breather
-
Briggs adapter
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