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Quiz von Nieacha Burke, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Nieacha Burke
vor etwa ein Jahr
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Frage 1
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Components of the cytoskeleton may include all of the following except
Antworten
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Microsomes
-
Microfilaments
-
Microtubules
-
Intermediate filaments
Frage 2
Frage
The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
Antworten
-
Translation
-
Transcription
-
Auscultation
-
Replication
Frage 3
Frage
The tails of a phospholipid molecule are
Antworten
-
Facing the cytosol
-
Hydrophilic
-
Hydrophobic
-
Composed of amino acids
Frage 4
Frage
The duplication of DNA is called ______, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called _____, and the reading of the mRNA by a ribosome to make a protein is called ______.
Antworten
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Reproduction; duplication; initiation
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Interphase; replication; active transport
-
Replication; transcription; translation
-
Replication; translation; transcription
Frage 5
Frage
Most of a cell’s DNA is located in its
Antworten
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Golgi apparatus
-
Ribosomes
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Nucleus
-
Lysosomes
Frage 6
Frage
Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
Antworten
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Bind to ligands
-
Regulate the passage of ions
-
Act as a carrier molecules for various solutes
-
Storage of cellular nutrients
Frage 7
Frage
Organelles that breakdown fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are
Antworten
-
Peroxisomes
-
Lysosomes
-
Nuclei
-
Endocytic vessels
Frage 8
Frage
The components of ribosomes are formed within
Antworten
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Nucleoli
-
Mitochondria
-
Golgi complexes
-
Lysosomes
Frage 9
Frage
Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains
Antworten
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A higher concentration of amino acids
-
A higher concentration of potassium ions
-
Almost no glycogen
-
A lower concentration of dissolved proteins
Frage 10
Frage
Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
Antworten
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Rough endoplasmic reticulum
-
Mitochondria
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Ribosomes
Frage 11
Frage
The potential difference across the cell membrane is known as
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The membrane potential
-
The membrane difference
-
The cellular potential
-
The cellular difference
Frage 12
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Cell membranes are said to be ______ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
Antworten
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Doubly amphipathic
-
Impermeable
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Selectively permeable
-
Hydrophilic
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following best describes osmosis?
Antworten
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diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane
-
Movement of water into a solute
-
Active transport of water across the cell membrane
-
Random movement of water due to kinetic energy
Frage 14
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Special cells called ______ maintains tissues by unending cycles of cell division.
Antworten
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Omnipotent
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Root
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Stem
-
Cytogenic
Frage 15
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The _______ of a cell membrane indicates how easy it is for substances to cross.
Antworten
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Thickness
-
Permeability
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Density
-
Pliability
Frage 16
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During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs.
Antworten
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Metaphase
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Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Frage 17
Frage
The stage in a cell’s life cycle in which the cell performs it’s normal functions and prepares for division is called
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Telophase
-
Interphase
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
Frage 18
Frage
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called
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Merotonic
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Hypotonic
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Isotonic
-
Hypertonic
Frage 19
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Permanent altercations in a cell’s DNA that affect the nucleotide sequence of one or more genes are called
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Changelings
-
Polymorphs
-
Mutations
-
Interferons
Frage 20
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All of the following membrane transport mechanisms are passive processes except
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Osmosis
-
Vesicular transport
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Diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Frage 21
Frage
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
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“Goosebumps” are formed
-
Sweat is released from sweat glands
-
The skin changes color
-
Shivering occurs
Frage 22
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Which of the following happens if the body temperature rises above normal?
Antworten
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Blood flow to the skin increases
-
Evaporative cooling stops
-
Sweat glands activity decreases
-
The activity of a melanocytes increase
Frage 23
Frage
Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called
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Scars
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Pus
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Keloids
-
Blisters
Frage 24
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The clinical term for a bruise is a(n)
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Infarction
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Hemorrhage
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Thrombus
-
Contusion
Frage 25
Frage
A bruise turns “black and blue” because of _____ in the dermis
Antworten
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The accumulation of pus
-
Hyperactive sebaceous glands
-
A lack of oxygen
-
Broken blood vessels
Frage 26
Frage
The layer of hard keratin that coats the hair is termed the
Antworten
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Cuticle
-
Root
-
Medulla
-
Hair bulb
Frage 27
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A child who skins his knee in a fall has a(n)
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Incision
-
Puncture
-
Contusion
-
Abrasion
Frage 28
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Sensible perspiration is produced by _______ glands.
Antworten
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Ceruminous
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Merocrine sweat
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Sebaceous
-
Apocrine sweat
Frage 29
Frage
Wrinkles in individuals are the result of
Antworten
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Loss of elastic fibers in the reticular layer of the dermis
-
Increased keratinization of the epidermis
-
Decreased thickness of the dermis
-
Increased production of epidermis layers
Frage 30
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Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum
Antworten
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Basale
-
Lucidum
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Corneum
-
Spinosum
Frage 31
Frage
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except
Antworten
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Detection of sensation
-
Protection of underlying tissue
-
Maintenance of body temperature
-
Synthesis of vitamin C
Frage 32
Frage
The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is
Antworten
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Elastin
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Melanin
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Collagen
-
Keratin
Frage 33
Frage
The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the _______ layer.
Antworten
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Reticular
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Papillary
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Hypodermal
-
Epidermal
Frage 34
Frage
The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the
Antworten
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Subcutaneous layer
-
Epidermis
-
Dermis
-
Sebaceous layer
Frage 35
Frage
The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the
Antworten
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Stratum Basale
-
papillary layer
-
Stratum Corneum
-
Stratum granulosum
Frage 36
Frage
Skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because
Antworten
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Contraction in the area of the injury brings cells of adjacent strata together
-
The epidermis of the skin has a rich supply of small blood vessels
-
Fibroblasts in the dermis can give rise to new germinal cells in the epidermis
-
Stem cells persist in the skin even after injury
Frage 37
Frage
The _____ gland in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.
Antworten
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Apocrine sweat
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Sebaceous
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Axillary
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Ceruminous
Frage 38
Frage
The epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue?
Antworten
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Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
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Simple squamous epithelium
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Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
-
Transitional epithelium
Frage 39
Frage
Which of the following is formed in the skin when it is exposed to the sunlight?
Antworten
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Vitamin D
-
Vitamin E
-
Vitamin A
-
Vitamin B
Frage 40
Frage
An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
Antworten
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Melanin
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Carotene
-
Perspiration
-
Keratin
Frage 41
Frage
One mole of any element has the same
Antworten
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Mass
-
Number of atoms
-
Weight
-
Number of electrons
Frage 42
Frage
The nucleus of an atom consists of
Antworten
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Protons
-
Neutrons
-
Protons & Neutrons
-
Electrons
Frage 43
Frage
The molecule O2 is known as
Antworten
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Oxygen
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Oxide
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Oxate
-
Organic
Frage 44
Frage
In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
Antworten
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Hydrogen, causing decomposition
-
Glucose, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing synthesis
Frage 45
Frage
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
Antworten
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Size of the atom
-
Number of neutrons
-
Outermost electron shell
-
Number of protons
Frage 46
Frage
In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means
Antworten
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A calcium ion that has lost two electrons
-
A calcium ion that has gained two electrons
-
Two calcium atoms
-
A calcium ion that has gained two protons
Frage 47
Frage
Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be
Antworten
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Endergonic
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Exergonic
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Thermonuclear
-
Activated
Frage 48
Frage
Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the _______ sites.
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Reactant
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Amino
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Active
-
Neutral
Frage 49
Frage
Kinetic energy is stored as ______ energy when a spring is stretched.
Antworten
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Plausible
-
Probable
-
Potential
-
Positive
Frage 50
Frage
Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, are called
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Homotopes
-
Heterotopes
-
Heterotonic
-
Isotope
Frage 51
Frage
If the substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
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Alkaline
-
Acidic
-
A salt
-
Neutral
Frage 52
Frage
Of the following choices, the pH of the least acidic solution is
Antworten
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7.4
-
6.9
-
2
-
3.8
Frage 53
Frage
The alpha-helix and beta sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
Antworten
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Tertiary
-
Primary
-
Quaternary
-
Secondary
Frage 54
Frage
Which of the following statements about water is false?
Antworten
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It is responsible for much of the mass of the human body
-
It contains hydrogen bonds
-
It has a relatively low heat capacity
-
It is composed of polar molecules
Frage 55
Frage
A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
Antworten
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Hydrophilic attraction
-
Chemical tension
-
Heat capacity
-
Surface tension
Frage 56
Frage
Molecules with two fatty acids chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called
Antworten
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Diglycerides
-
Dipeptides
-
Phospholipids
-
Disaccharide
Frage 57
Frage
Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are combinations of amino acids and
Antworten
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Carbohydrates
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Lipids
-
Nucleic acids
-
Fatty acids
Frage 58
Frage
A(n) ______ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) _____ releases hydrogen ions.
Antworten
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Base; acid
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Compound; elements
-
Molecule; acid
-
Acid; base
Frage 59
Frage
A polysaccharide that formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is
Antworten
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Glucose
-
Glycogen
-
A glyceride
-
Fructose
Frage 60
Frage
When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
Antworten
-
A disaccharide is formed
-
A polysaccharide is formed
-
Two new monosaccharides are formed
-
Hydrolysis occurs
Frage 61
Frage
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
Antworten
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Electrons
-
Nucleus
-
Proton
-
Neutron
Frage 62
Frage
The atomic number represents the number of
Antworten
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Protons in an atom
-
Neutrons in an atom
-
Electrons in an atom
-
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Frage 63
Frage
The formation of a cation and an anion is indicative of
Antworten
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An ionic bond
-
A nonpolar bond
-
A polar bond
-
A covalent bond
Frage 64
Frage
What type of reaction is A + B + energy —> AB?
Antworten
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Catabolic reaction
-
Equilibrium reaction
-
Endergonic reaction
-
Exergonic reaction
Frage 65
Frage
Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction?
Antworten
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Solid reactants
-
Cold temperatures
-
Absence of a catalyst
-
Increased reactant concentration
Frage 66
Frage
Which statement best describes enzyme function?
Antworten
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Enzymes can perform catabolic reactions only.
-
Enzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
-
Enzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products.
-
One enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates.
Frage 67
Frage
On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?
Antworten
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pH 1
-
pH 5
-
pH 7
-
pH 10
Frage 68
Frage
Which two organ systems work to maintain pH balance in the body?
Antworten
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Endocrine and nervous
-
Respiratory and urinary
-
Urinary and endocrine
-
Digestive and respiratory
Frage 69
Frage
Salts are held together by ______.
Antworten
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Single covalent bonds
-
Polar covalent bonds
-
Nonpolar covalent bonds
-
Ionic bonds
Frage 70
Frage
The monomer of the carbohydrates is ________.
Antworten
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Nucleotide
-
Monosaccharide
-
Fatty acid
-
Amino acid
Frage 71
Frage
A fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is ______.
Antworten
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Saturated
-
Monounsaturated
-
Hydrogenated
-
Polyunsaturated
Frage 72
Frage
Amino acids are the monomers for ________.
Antworten
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Carbohydrates
-
Nucleic acids
-
Lipids
-
Proteins
Frage 73
Frage
Which of the following is the same among isotopes of the same element?
Antworten
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Mass number
-
Number of neutrons
-
Atomic number
-
Both the number of neutrons and the mass number
Frage 74
Frage
In the following chemical reaction, what is NaCI?
NaOH + HCI —> NaCI + H20
Antworten
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Water
-
Acid
-
Product
-
Reactant
Frage 75
Frage
Determine the number of protons in an isotope of nitrogen with an atomic number of 7 and a molecular number of 14.
Antworten
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7
-
10
-
14
-
17
Frage 76
Frage
Cytosol is also known as _____.
Antworten
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Blood plasma
-
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
-
The cytoskeleton
-
Intercellular fluid (ICF)
Frage 77
Frage
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
Antworten
-
Oxygen transport
-
Promote fluidity of the membrane
-
Form a lipid bilayer
-
Molecular transport through the membrane
Frage 78
Frage
Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that moves through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by ______.
Antworten
-
Primary active transport
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Frage 79
Frage
Active transport processes _____.
Antworten
-
Move solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
-
Require cells to expend energy (ATP)
-
Move solutes through the phospholipid bilayer without the use of integral proteins
-
Move solutes with or along their concentration gradients
Frage 80
Frage
Two types of active transport via vesicles are ______.
Antworten
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Endocytosis and exocytosis
-
Primary active transport and secondary active transport
-
Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
-
Diffusion and osmosis
Frage 81
Frage
What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelle and cell components?
Antworten
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Peroxisome
-
Lysosome
-
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Frage 82
Frage
Microtubules are composed of proteins subunits known as ______.
Antworten
-
Myosin
-
Actin
-
Keratin
-
Tubulin
Frage 83
Frage
Cell division occurs during ______.
Antworten
-
M phase
-
G1 phase
-
G2 phase
-
S phase
Frage 84
Frage
During which phase of the M phase of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?
Antworten
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
-
Metaphase
Frage 85
Frage
During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids separated when the mitotic spindle fibers shorten?
Antworten
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Frage 86
Frage
Programmed cell death is called ______.
Antworten
-
Metastasis
-
Hydrolysis
-
Apoptosis
-
Neoplasia
Frage 87
Frage
A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. At that concentration, the solution is isotonic to the cell. If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in _______.
Antworten
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A hypotonic solution
-
An isotonic solution
-
A less concentrated solution
-
A hypertonic solution
Frage 88
Frage
If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?
Antworten
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9
-
18
-
36
-
72
Frage 89
Frage
Sodium ions are moving with their concentration gradient with the use of a protein channel across a plasma membrane. Determine the type of membrane transport used to transport these sodium ions.
Antworten
-
Primary active transport
-
Facilitated diffusion
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
Frage 90
Frage
The main components of the skin are the _______.
Antworten
-
Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
-
Dermis and hypodermis
-
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and the subcutaneous layer
-
Epidermis and dermis
Frage 91
Frage
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
Antworten
-
Thermoregulation
-
Vitamin A synthesis
-
Sensation
-
Protection
Frage 92
Frage
Which sensation is NOT detected by the skin?
Antworten
-
Temperature
-
Light touch
-
Texture
-
Equilibrium
Frage 93
Frage
Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by prominent cytoplasmic granules in the cells?
Antworten
-
Stratum corneum
-
Stratum Spinosum
-
Stratum granulosum
-
Stratum lucidum
Frage 94
Frage
Thin skin lacks stratum ______.
Antworten
-
Corneum
-
Spinosum
-
Granulosum
-
Lucidum
Frage 95
Frage
Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis?
Antworten
-
The reticular layer of the dermis
-
Dermal papillae
-
Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles
-
Stratum Basale of the epidermis
Frage 96
Frage
Which of the following cells is associated with the dermis?
Antworten
-
Keratinocytes
-
Fibroblast
-
Dendritic (Langerhans) cell
-
Melanocytes
Frage 97
Frage
Which of the following is a yellow-orange skin pigment?
Antworten
-
Cyanide
-
Hemoglobin
-
Carotene
-
Melanin
Frage 98
Frage
What stand hairs on end, causing piloerection?
Antworten
-
Arrector pili muscles
-
Epidermal ridges
-
Dermal papillae
-
Epithelial root sheath
Frage 99
Frage
The cuticle around a nail is the _____.
Antworten
-
Perinychium
-
Eponychium
-
Lunula
-
Hyponychium
Frage 100
Frage
Eccrine glands produce ______.
Antworten
-
Sebum
-
Hormones
-
Cerumen
-
Sweat containing mostly water
Frage 101
Frage
Mammary glands are specialized _______.
Antworten
-
Sweat glands
-
Sebaceous glands
-
Ceruminous glands
-
Holocene glands
Frage 102
Frage
Skin without keratin would be more likely to _____.
Antworten
-
Be unable to thermoregulate
-
Lose the sensation of touch
-
Burn upon exposure to the sun
-
Tear upon being mechanically stressed.
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