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The study of possible phoneme combinations of a language, possible syllables is called phonotactics.
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The structure of the syllable is onset and rhyme (peak and coda).
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A minimum syllable is a single vowel in isolation
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The words /bɑː/, /kiː/ and /mɔː/ are syllables with zero onset.
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The words /æm/, / ɔːt/, / iːz/ have CODA but NO ONSET.
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The phonemes /ŋ/ and / ʒ/ are common ONSETS.
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The phonemes /h/, /w/and /j/ can’t be CODAS
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The phoneme /r/ can’t be a coda in non-rhotic accents
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An example of a consonant cluster is /sp/
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The Maximal Onset Principle establishes that where two syllables are to be divided, any consonants should be attached to the left-hand syllable.
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___________________is an event happening at regular intervals of time in speech.
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Rhythm
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Elision
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Epenthesis
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_________________rhythm is characterized by the fact that the times from each stressed syllable to the next will tend to be the same, irrespective of the number of intervening stressed syllables.
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Syllable-timed
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Stressed Languages
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Stressed-timed
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_________________rhythm is characterized by the fact that all syllables, whether stressed or not, tend to occur at regular time intervals, and the time between stressed syllables will depend on the number of syllables.
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Syllable-timed
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Stressed-timed
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All kind of
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Isochronicity is a feature of _______________________languages
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Syllable-timed
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Stressed-timed
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All kind of
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The words and syllables which we choose to stress in connected speech are dictated by_________________________.
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meaning but not context
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context but not meaning
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meaning and context
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_____________________syllable initiates a pitch up to the tonic syllable.
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Tonic
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Onset
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Stressed-timed
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________________________syllable highlights the most significant new information
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Tonic
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Onset
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Stressed-timed
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When we say words in_______________________ we will stress one of the syllables but when word are arranged in _____________________certain syllables will be stressed in order to convey the most important information.
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isolation, stressed
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isolation, context
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isolated, contexts
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_________________words carry important information whilst _________________ words help by connecting and making sentences work gramatically.
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stressed, content
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content, stressed
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content, function
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Whilst___________________helps out to convey important information, ________________shows the function of the utterance.
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stress, content
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stress, isollation
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stress, intonation
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A syllable peak which is a long vowel or diphthong or a short vowel but always followed by at least one consonant.
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Weak syllable
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Strong syllable
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We can analyse stress from these points of view.
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loudness, length, pitch and vowel quality.
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It’s considered the strongest type of stress within a word. It’s represented with a (‘ )
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Primary stress
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Secondary stress
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It’s normally represented with a (,), it’s weakened but not unstressed.
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Primary Stress
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Secondary Stress
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Morphology of the word, grammatical category, number of syllables and phonological structure of the syllables.
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A syllable peak which consists of one of these vowels /i/ /u/ and no coda, also syllabic consonants.
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Weak syllables
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Strong syllables
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The tendency for these words is to be stressed at the end.
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There is a tendency for these words to be stressed nearer the beginning.
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The tendency for these words is at the end of the word if they have two syllables, and at the beginning if they have 3 syllables.
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Prepositions
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Articles
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Adjectives