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Approx what % of hospitals utilize "UD" drug distribution?
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The pharmacy department determines what medications are on the hospital formulary.
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Medication Reconciliation is one of the most important roles for pharmacists in every practice setting.
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Which is least likely to be offered by pharmacists in US hospitals?
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Pharmacokinetic Consultations
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Drug use evaluation (DUE)
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Participation on medical rounds
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Adverse Drug Reaction management
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In-service Education
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Typical Home Care services include all EXCEPT
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homemaker services
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wound care
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parenteral nutrition
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minor home surgery
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hospice care
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Hospice services cannot legally be provided in a patient's home in most states.
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Funding for delivery of Mental Health services…
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is nearly all federally-based
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has shifted amongst payors for many years
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follows the 1910 Flexner recommendation
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is nearly all state-based
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none of the above
Frage 8
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For pharmacists, Mental Health patients often present….
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increase risk of drug interaction issues
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increased risk of medication adherence problems
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increased difficulty in communication
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the same need for compassionate care
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all of the above
Frage 9
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Much like hospitals, the type of long-term care received is almost solely dependent on diagnosis.
Frage 10
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The average charge for Assisted Living in the US is…
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higher than skilled nursing care
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approximately $3300/month (2010 data)
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approximately $200/bed/day (2010 data)
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covered by Medicare
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none of the above
Frage 11
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Select the true statement:
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Persons with co -occurring disorders often have more instances of premature death and higher rates of disability that hose who don’t have co -occurring disorder.
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Persons with co -occurring disorders do not have more instances of premature death and higher rates of disability that hose who don’t have co -occurring disorder.
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Select the true statement:
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From 2008 to 2014, there is a projected 6.6% annual decrease in spending for mental health and substance use services in the US.
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From 2008 to 2014, there is a projected 6.6% annual increase in spending for mental health and substance use services in the US.
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There will not be a % change in spending for mental health during this period in the US.
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These groups/cultures are “at-risk” populations – and more likely to delay or not seek mental health care/treatment
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Cultural and linguistic minorities
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Rural populations
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Women and children in lower socio-economics
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Cultural and linguistic minorities & Rural populations only
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All of the above
Frage 14
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Evidence-based practice/medicine/pharmacy:
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Is supported by research that is published in the clinical literature
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The type of practice that is the basis of curriculum now offered by healthcare professions’ schools and colleges
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Clinical literature that is reviewed and summarized by professionals with expertise in the specific area
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All of the above
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None of the above
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In a collaborative practice environment, a clinical psychiatric pharmacist can:
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Provide medication management services
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Initiate and discontinue med use
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Dose and refill authorizations
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Laboratory monitoring
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All of the above
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Factors influencing prescriber behavior include:
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Education (e.g., Training in pharmacotherapeutics; Preceptors’ prescribing habits)
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Control and regulatory mechanisms
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Demands by consumers and society
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Promotional activities by drug manufacturers
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All of the above
Frage 17
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What is the order of the pharmaceutical supply chain?
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Raw Material Supply -> Manufacturing -> Distribution -> Dispensing -> Patient
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Raw Material Supply -> Patient -> Manufacturing -> Distribution -> Dispensing
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Raw Material Supply Dispensing -> Patient -> Manufacturing -> Distribution
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None of the above
Frage 18
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Select the false statement:
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Once a drug is approved for the market, the FDA has the ultimate power to determine how it is ultimately used.
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Non -FDA -approved (“off -label”) indications are uses of a product that were not approved by the FDA, but have shown value after approval based on postmarketing research.
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Non -FDA -approved indications cannot be promoted by the manufacturer.
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Researchers test an experimental drug or treatment in a small group of healthy people (20-80) for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
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Phase I
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Phase II
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Phase III
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Phase IV
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A ________ drug treats rare medical conditions / disease, affecting fewer than 200,000 patients in USA, may be sold without competition for seven years, National Organization of Rare Diseases (NORD) & European Organization for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS)
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Oprah
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Orphan
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Albano
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None of the above
Frage 21
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A. All printed information accompanying a drug, label, wrapping & package insert
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B. FDA Division of Marketing, Advertising & Communication seeks balanced, not misleading, scientifically accurate information for health care practitioners
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C. Label claim (indication) is particularly important to sponsor because of its connection to reimbursement
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D. A and B only
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All of the above
Frage 22
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Select the false/untrue factor(s) that change demand:
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Prices of related goods
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Money income of the producer
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Number of consumers in the market
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Attitudes, tastes, and preferences of the consumer
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Consumer expectations with respect to future prices and incomes
Frage 23
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Select the false/untrue factor(s) that change supply:
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Techniques of production, including technology
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Number of buyers in the market
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Resource costs (material and wages)
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Prices for related goods
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Sellers’ expectations
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Demand is ___________if an increase in price causes the quantity demanded to decrease enough to result in a decrease of total revenue.
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Elastic
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Inelastic
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Unitary
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None of the above
Frage 25
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Typical Home Care services include all EXCEPT
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Homemaker
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Wound care
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Parenteral nutrition
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Minor home surgery
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Hospice care
Frage 26
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Select the true statement:
Frage 27
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Major changes that have occurred in IV infusion devices as a result of the growth of home care.
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The size and weight of infusion devices have decreased dramatically
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Manufacturers have introduced disposable infusion devices
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Pharmacists can only administer them
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All of the above
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Home care pharmacy standards according to ASHP can include:
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Initial patient database and assessment
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Selection of products, devices, and ancillary supplies
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Clinical monitoring
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Initial patient database and assessment & Clinical monitoring only
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All of the above
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The advent of Medicare Part D coverage in 2008 provided partial or full coverage of home care medications.