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LTC is the health care services provided to the senior citizens of our society (aged, elderly, senior, older adults, chronic disease, rehabilitation, terminal illness).
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The Long-Term Care Continuum as a part of the CCRC [Continuing Care Retirement Community] (check all that applies) - (slide 7)
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Independent Living
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Assisted Living
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Skilled Nursing
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Home Care/Nursing Care
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Hospice
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Long term care determinants of type of care received are: (check all that applies)
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Level of disability
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Availability of informal caregivers (family, friends)
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Financial circumstances
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Availability of public programs (Medicare, Medicaid)
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Personal circumstances (cultural)
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Long term care main risk factors for institutionalization includes: advanced age, medical condition (physical and mental), and living alone.
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Which of the three type of nursing homes ownership is the largest?
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Government and others
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Voluntary nonprofit
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Proprietary
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Long term care ADLs (Activities of Daily Living) include the following except for:
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Eating
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Toileting
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Continence
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Bathing, personal hygiene, and grooming
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Dressing
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Walking & transfering
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Writing and signing checks to pay bills
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Long term care IADLs (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) include the following except for:
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Daily contact with relatives/close friends
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Usually attends church, temple, synagogue
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Finds strength in faith
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Daily animal companion/presence
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Involved in group activities
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All of the following are a part of IADLs
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CCRC (Continuing Care Retirement Community) are locations providing multiple residential and care types catering to caring for residents as their needs change
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The following is true about ILF (Independent Living) except for:
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May be as simple as senior apartments
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Can be community oriented with some shared or centralized amenities potentially including meals
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Minimal staff
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Drugs & Pharmacy Services included
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The following is true about "ALF" (Assisted Living) except for:
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Combination of housing, personalized supportive services and health care designed to meet both scheduled & unscheduled needs of those needing help with activities of daily living
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Residential facilities targeting individuals with a small number of ADL deficiencies
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24 hour staff
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Meals included
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Drugs & Pharmacy Services are included
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Average 1.6 ADLs deficiencies/resident
Average $3,293/unit/month (≈ $108/day)
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The following is true about Nursing Homes except for:
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Residential care facility serving patients with high number of ADL deficiencies
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Highly regulated and typical location following acute inpatient stay
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Minimum Data Set (MDS) and 24/7 care with skilled staff
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Meals included
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Drugs & pharmacy services included
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All of these are true
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Adult Day Services include, facility based, More supervision than care oriented, minimal ADL deficiency allow, little regulation and wide variance, average of $67/day
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Hospice include: Care for terminally ill patients, care focused on comfort (“palliative”), services include focus on patient’s family, Drugs & Pharmacy Services included (facility based), and Hospice services can also be provided in a patient’s home
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Hospice services can also be provided in a patient’s home
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Medicare covers for only nursing facility and hospice. Covers up to 100 days (only if hospitalized for 3 or more days, enter LTC within 30 days of discharge, rehabilitation needed, and physician authorization). (age 65 or older, disabled, or end-stage renal disease)
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Medicaid paid for covers only skilled nursing facility and home healthcare. (Elgibility differs by state and based on income and assets, "needs-based".
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Private insurance covers the following except for:
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Skilled nursing facilities
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Assisted living facilities
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Home health services
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Adult days centers
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All the above can covered by private insurances
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It is a federal law enforced by Medicare for Drug Regimen Review (DRR) to be done monthly.
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Counsulting in pharmacy in LTC includes the following except for:
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Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE)
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Drug Utilization Review (DUR)
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Drug Regimen Review (DRR)
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Medication Reconciliation
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All are part of consulting